Numerals
العَدَدُ
Verses 726–745 · chapter 62 of 78
This chapter explains how the numerals agree with or reverse the gender of the counted noun and what case and number the counted noun (tamyīz) takes after units, hundreds, thousands, compounds (11–19) and tens. It then explains how the ordinal on the pattern fāʿil is formed from two to ten, how it is used in simple and compound numbers, and how it is used before the tens. AI
Topics:Singular, dual, pluralMasculine and feminine
- 726
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Say thalāthah with the tā' [and so on] up to ʿasharah when counting things whose singulars are masculine [e.g. thalāthatu rijālin 'three men'; the numeral takes the feminine marker].
OpenITI line 966 · vol. 1, p. 62 ↗(at position 744 in the OpenITI file) - 727
الرَّجَزal-rajaz––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
In the opposite case [a feminine singular] strip [the numeral of the tā': thalāthu nisā'in 'three women']. Put the specifying noun in the genitive as a plural, in most cases in a form of the plural of paucity [thalāthatu aflusin 'three coins'].
OpenITI line 967 · vol. 1, p. 62 ↗(at position 745 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 726–727Arabic
تثبت التاء في ثلاثة وأربعة وما بعدهما إلى عشرة إن كان المعدود بهما مذكرا وتسقط إن كان مؤنثا ويضاف إلى جمع نحو عندي ثلاثة رجال وأربع نساء وهكذا إلى عشرة
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 6960 · vol. 4, p. 66 ↗وأشار بقوله جمعا بلفظ قلة في الأكثر إلى أن المعدود بها إن كان له جمع قلة وكثرة لم يضف العدد في الغالب إلا إلى جمع القلة فتقول عندي ثلاثة أفلس وثلاث أنفس ويقل عندي ثلاثة فلوس وثلاث نفوس
ومما جاء على غير الأكثر قوله تعالى ﴿ والمطلقات يتربصن بأنفسهن ثلاثة قروء ﴾ فأضاف ثلاثة إلى جمع الكثرة مع وجود جمع القلة وهو أقراء
فإن لم يكن للاسم إلا جمع كثرة لم يضف إلا إليه نحو ثلاثة رجال
- 728
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Annex mi'ah and alf to a singular [mi'atu rajulin 'a hundred men', alfu dirhamin 'a thousand dirhams']. Mi'ah has rarely been followed by a plural [thalātha mi'ati sinīna, Q 18:25 in one reading].
OpenITI line 945 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 726 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verse 728Arabic
قد سبق أن ثلاثة وما بعدها إلى عشرة لا تضاف إلا إلى جمع وذكر هنا أن مائة وألفا من الأعداد المضافة وأنهما لا يضافان إلا إلى مفرد نحو عندي مائة رجل وألف درهم وورد إضافة مائة إلى جمع قليلا ومنه قراءة حمزة والكسائي ﴿ ولبثوا في كهفهم ثلاث مائة سنين ﴾ بإضافة مائة إلى سنين
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 6970 · vol. 4, p. 67 ↗والحاصل أن العدد المضاف على قسمين
أحدهما ما لا يضاف إلا إلى جمع وهو ثلاثة إلى عشرة
والثاني مالا يضاف إلا إلى مفرد وهو مائه وألف وتثنيتهما نحو مائتا درهم وألفا درهم وأما إضافة مائة إلى جمع فقليل
- 729
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Mention aḥada and join it to ʿashar as a compound when you mean a masculine counted noun [aḥada ʿashara rajulan 'eleven men'].
OpenITI line 946 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 727 in the OpenITI file)AI vowelling differs in letters from OpenITIAI note on the transcription: وَأَحَدَ اذْكُرْ وَصِلَنْهُ بِعَشَرْ — the transcription has «ذكر» for «اذكر». The alif of the imperative has dropped. The standard text and the metre require وَأَحَدَ اذْكُرْ.
- 730
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–––مَفْعُولُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–––مَفْعُولُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
For the feminine say iḥdā ʿashrah [with sukūn on the shīn]. According to [the dialect of] Tamīm the shīn in it has kasra [iḥdā ʿashirah].
OpenITI line 947 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 728 in the OpenITI file) - 731
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪––فَعُولُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–––مَفْعُولُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
With [units] other than aḥad and iḥdā, do deliberately [with ʿashar] what you did with it alongside those two [that is, ʿashar with a masculine and ʿashrah with a feminine counted noun].
OpenITI line 948 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 729 in the OpenITI file) - 732
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Give thalāthah, tisʿah and the numbers between them, when compounded, the rule stated earlier [the tā' with a masculine counted noun and none with a feminine: thalāthata ʿashara rajulan, thalātha ʿashrata imra'atan].
OpenITI line 949 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 730 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 729–732Arabic
لما فرغ من ذكر العدد المضاف ذكر العدد المركب فيركب عشرة مع ما دونها إلى واحد نحو أحد عشر واثنا عشر وثلاثة عشر وأربعة عشر إلى تسعة عشر هذا للمذكر وتقول في المؤنث إحدى عشرة واثنتا عشرة وثلاث عشرة وأربع عشرة إلى تسع عشرة فللمذكر أحد واثنا وللمؤنث إحدى واثنتا
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 6983 · vol. 4, p. 69 ↗( أما ثلاثة وما بعدها إلى تسعة فحكمها بعد التركيب كحكمها قبله فتثبت التاء فيها إن كان المعدود مذكرا وتسقط إن كان مؤنثا
وأما عشرة وهو الجزء الأخير فتسقط التاء منه إن كان المعدود مذكرا وتثبت إن كان مؤنثا على العكس من ثلاثة فما بعدها فتقول عندي ثلاثة عشر رجلا وثلاث عشرة امرأة وكذلك حكم عشرة مع أحد وإحدى واثنين واثنتين فتقول أحد عشر رجلا واثنا عشر رجلا بإسقاط التاء وتقول إحدى عشرة امرأة واثنتا عشرة امرأة بإثبات التاء
ويجوز في شين عشرة مع المؤنث التسكين ويجوز أيضا كسرها وهي لغة تميم
- 733
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Place ithnatay before ʿashrah, and ithnay before ʿashar, according to whether you want a feminine or a masculine [ithnatā ʿashrata imra'atan, ithnā ʿashara rajulan].
OpenITI line 950 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 731 in the OpenITI file)AI vowelling differs in letters from OpenITIAI note on the transcription: إِثْنَيْ إِذَا أُنْثَى تَشَا أَوْ ذَكَرَا — the transcription has «أثنى», with the nūn and thā' transposed. The sense ('feminine … or masculine') and the standard text require أُنْثَى.
- 734
الرَّجَزal-rajaz––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
[In these two] use yā' outside the nominative and mark the nominative with alif [ithnā ʿashara, ithnay ʿashara]. In both parts of the other compounds the fatḥa is the familiar usage [they are fixed on fatḥ: khamsata ʿashara in every case].
OpenITI line 951 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 732 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 733–734Arabic
قد سبق أنه يقال في العدد المركب عشر في التذكير وعشرة في التأنيث وسبق أيضا أنه يقال أحد في المذكر و إحدى في المؤنث وأنه يقال ثلاثة وأربعة إلى تسعة بالتاء للمذكر وسقوطها للمؤنث
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 6998 · vol. 4, p. 71 ↗وذكر هنا أنه يقال اثنا عشر للمذكر بلا تاء في الصدر والعجز م نحو عندي اثنا عشر رجلا ويقال اثنتا عشرة امرأة للمؤنث بتاء في الصدر والعجز
ونبه بقوله واليا لغير الرفع على أن الأعداد المركبة كلها مبنية صدرها وعجزها وتبنى على الفتح نحو أحد عشر بفتح الجزءين وثلاث عشرة بفتح الجزءين
ويستثنى من ذلك اثنا عشر واثنتا عشرة فإن صدرهما يعرب بالألف رفعا وبالياء نصبا وجرا كما يعرب المثنى وأما عجزها فيبني على الفتح فتقول جاء اثنا عشر رجلا ورأيت اثنى عشر رجلا ومررت باثنى عشر رجلا وجاءت اثنتا عشرة امرأة ورأيت اثنتى عشرة امرأة ومررت باثنتى عشرة امرأة
- 735
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–––مَفْعُولُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪––فَعُولُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Specify ʿishrūn through tisʿūn with a singular [in the accusative], as in arbaʿīna ḥīnan 'forty periods'.
OpenITI line 952 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 733 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verse 735Arabic
قد سبق أن العدد مضاف ومركب وذكر هنا العدد المفرد وهو من عشرين إلى تسعين ويكون بلفظ واحد للمذكر والمؤنث ولا يكون مميزه إلا مفردا منصوبا نحو عشرون رجلا وعشرون امرأة ويذكر قبله النيف ويعطف هو عليه فيقال أحد وعشرون واثنان وعشرون وثلاثة وعشرون بالتاء في ثلاثة وكذا ما بعد الثلاثة إلى التسعة للمذكر ويقال للمؤنث إحدى وعشرون واثنتان وعشرون وثلاث وعشرون بلا تاء في ثلاث وكذا ما بعد الثلاث إلى التسع
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7010 · vol. 4, p. 72 ↗وتلخص مما سبق ومن هذا أن أسماء العدد على أربعة أقسام مضافة ومركبة ومفردة ومعطوفة
- 736
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
They specified the compound [11–19] in the same way ʿishrūn is specified [an accusative singular: aḥada ʿashara kawkaban 'eleven stars'], so treat the two alike.
OpenITI line 953 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 734 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verse 736Arabic
أي تمييز العدد المركب كتمييز عشرين وأخواته فيكون مفردا منصوبا نحو أحد عشر رجلا وإحدى عشرة امرأة
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7019 · vol. 4, p. 73 ↗ - 737
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
If a compound numeral is annexed [to a following noun], its indeclinability remains [khamsata ʿashara-ka 'your fifteen']. The second part is sometimes inflected [khamsata ʿasharu-ka].
OpenITI line 954 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 735 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verse 737Arabic
يجوز في الأعداد المركبة إضافتها إلى غير مميزها ما عدا اثنى عشر فإنه لا يضاف فلا يقال اثنا عشرك
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7022 · vol. 4, p. 73 ↗وإذا أضيف العدد المركب فمذهب البصريين أنه يبقى الجزآن على بتائهما فتقول هذه خمسة عشرك ومررت بخمسة عشرك بفتح آخر الجزءين
وقد يعرب العجز مع بقاء الصدر على بنائه فتقول هذه خمسة عشرك ورأيت خمسة عشرك ومررت بخمسة عشرك
- 738
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
From ithnān and upward to ʿasharah, form [an ordinal] on the pattern fāʿil, as it is formed from a verb faʿala [thānin, thālith … ʿāshir].
OpenITI line 955 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 736 in the OpenITI file) - 739
الرَّجَزal-rajaz––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
In the feminine end it with tā' [thālithah]. When you use the masculine, use fāʿil without tā' [thālith].
OpenITI line 956 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 737 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 738–739Arabic
يصاغ من اثنين إلى عشرة اسم موازن لفاعل كما يصاغ من فعل نحو ضارب من ضرب فيقال ثان وثالث ورابع إلى عاشر بلا تاء في التذكير وبتاء في التأنيث
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7031 · vol. 4, p. 75 ↗ - 740
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
If you mean one part of the number from which it was formed, annex it to that number, as baʿḍ is annexed, plainly [thānī ithnayni 'one of two', thālithu thalāthatin 'one of three'; Q 9:40, 5:73].
OpenITI line 957 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 738 in the OpenITI file) - 741
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
If you mean making the smaller number equal to the one above it, give it the rule of jāʿil ['one who makes'; it is either annexed or governs an accusative: rābiʿu thalāthatin or rābiʿun thalāthatan 'making three into four'; Q 58:7].
OpenITI line 958 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 739 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 740–741Arabic
لفاعل المصوغ من اسم العدد استعمالان
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7035 · vol. 4, p. 76 ↗أحدهما أن يفرد فيقال ثان وثانية وثالث وثالثة كما سبق
والثاني أن لا يفرد وحينئذ إما أن يستعمل مع ما اشتق منه وإما أن يستعمل مع ما قبل ما اشتق منه
ففي الصورة الأولى يجب إضافة فاعل إلى ما بعده فتقول في التذكير ثاني اثنين وثالث ثلاثة ورابع أربعة إلى عاشر عشرة وتقول في التأنيث ثانية انثتتين وثالثة ثلاث ورابعة أربع إلى عاشرة عشر والمعنى أحد اثنين وإحدى اثنتين وأحد عشر وإحدى عشرة
وهذا هو المراد بقوله وإن ترد بعض الذي البيت أي وإن ترد بفاعل المصوغ من اثنين فما فوقه إلى عشرة بعض الذي بنى فاعل منه أي واحدا مما اشتق منه فأضف إليه مثل بعض والذي يضاف إليه هو الذي اشتق منه
وفي الصورة الثانية يجوز وجهان أحدهما إضافة فاعل إلى ما يليه والثاني تنوينه ونصب ما يليه بهه كما يفعل باسم الفاعل نحو ضارب زيد وضارب زيدا
فتقول في التذكير ثالث اثنين وثالث اثنين ورابع ثلاثة ورابع ثلاثة وهكذا إلى عاشر تسعة وعاشر تسعة
وتقول في التأنيث ثالثة اثنتين وثالثة اثنتين ورابعة ثلاث ورابعة ثلاثا وهكذا إلى عاشرة تسع وعاشرة تسعا والمعنى جاعل الاثنين ثلاثة والثالثة أربعة
وهذا هو المراد بقوله وإن ترد جعل الأقل مثل ما فوق أي وإن ترد بفاعل المصوغ من اثنين فما فوقه جعل ما هو أقل عددا مثل ما فوقه فاحكم له بحكم جاعل من جواز الإضافة إلى مفعوله وتنوينه ونصبه
- 742
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–––مَفْعُولُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–––مَفْعُولُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
If you want the compound equivalent of thānī ithnayni ['one of two'], bring two compounds [thālitha ʿashara thalāthata ʿashara 'one of thirteen'].
OpenITI line 959 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 740 in the OpenITI file) - 743
الرَّجَزal-rajaz––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Or annex fāʿil, in either of its two forms [masculine or feminine], to a compound that conveys what you intend [thālithu thalāthata ʿashara, thālithatu thalātha ʿashrata].
OpenITI line 961 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 741 in the OpenITI file) - 744
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
It became common to make do with ḥādiya ʿashara ['eleventh', ḥādī being derived from wāḥid by metathesis] and the like [thālitha ʿashara, without a second compound]. Before ʿishrūn mention…
OpenITI line 962 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 742 in the OpenITI file)AI vowelling differs in letters from OpenITIAI note on the transcription: وَشَاعَ الِاسْتِغْنَا بِحَادِي عَشَرَا — the transcription has «الاستعنا» with ʿayn for ghayn. The sense ('making do with') and the standard text require الِاسْتِغْنَا.
- 745
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
…and before the rest of its class [the tens], the fāʿil formed from the numeral, in either of its two forms, placed before a wāw on which it relies [ḥādin wa-ʿishrūna 'twenty-first', thālithatun wa-thalāthūna 'thirty-third' (f.)].
OpenITI line 963 · vol. 1, p. 61 ↗(at position 743 in the OpenITI file)Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 742–745Arabic
قد سبق أنه يبني فاعل من اسم العدد على وجهين أحدهما أن يكون مرادا به بعض ما اشتق منه كثاني اثنين والثاني أن يراد به جعل الأقل مساويا لما فوقه كثالث اثنين
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7060 · vol. 4, p. 78 ↗وذكر هنا أنه إذا أريد بناء فاعل من العدد المركب للدلالة على المعنى الأول وهو أنه بعض ما اشتق منه يجوز فيه ثلاثة أوجه
أحدها أن تجيء بتركيبين صدر أولهما فاعل في التذكير وفاعلة في التأنيث وعجزهما عشر في التذكير وعشرة في التأنيث وصدر الثاني منهما في التذكير أحد واثنان وثلاثة بالتاء إلى تسعة وفي التأنيث إحدى واثنتان وثلاث بلا تاء إلى تسع نحو ثالث عشر ثلاثة عشر وهكذا إلى تاسع عشر تسعة عشر وثالثة عشرة ثلاث عشرة إلى تاسعة عشرة تسع عشرة وتكون الكلمات الأربع مبنية على الفتح
الثاني أن يقتصر على صدر المركب الأول فيعرب ويضاف إلى المركب الثاني باقيا الثاني على بناء جزءيه نحو هذا ثالث ثلاثة عشر وهذه ثالثة ثلاث عشرة
الثالث أن يقتصر على المركب الأول باقيا على بناء صدره وعجزه نحو هذا ثالث عشر وثالثة عشرة وإليه أشار بقوله ( وشاع الاستغنا بحادي عشرا … ونحوه
ولا يستعمل فاعل من العدد المركب للدلالة على المعنى الثاني وهو أن يراد به جعل الأقل مساويا لما فوقه فلا يقال رابع عشر ثلاثة عشر وكذلك الجميع ولهذا لم يذكره المصنف واقتصر على ذكر الأول
وحادي مقلوب واحد وحادية مقلوب واحدة جعلوا فاءهما بعد لامهماا ولا يستعمل حادي إلا مع عشر ولا تستعمل حادية إلا مع عشرة ويستعملان أيضا مع عشرين وأخواتها نحو حادي وتسعون وحادية وتسعون
وأشار بقوله وقبل عشرين البيت إلى أن فاعلا المصوع من اسم العدد يستعمل قبل العقود ويعطف عليه العقود نحو حادي وعشرون وتاسع وعشرون إلى التسعين
وقوله بحالتيه معناه أنه يستعمل قبل العقود بالحالتين اللتين سبقتا وهو أنه يقال فاعل في التذكير وفاعلة في التأنيث
- العَدَدُ al-ʿadad · number; numeral · عدد
- المَعْدُودُ al-maʿdūd · the counted noun · عدد
- المُمَيِّزُ / التَّمْيِيزُ al-mumayyiz / at-tamyīz · the specifying noun (after a numeral) · ميز
- جَمْعُ القِلَّةِ jamʿ al-qillah · plural of paucity (patterns for three to ten) · قلل
- المُرَكَّبُ al-murakkab · compound (numeral), i.e. 11–19 · ركب
- البِنَاءُ al-bināʾ · indeclinability (fixed ending) · بني
- الإِضَافَةُ al-iḍāfah · annexation (genitive construct) · ضيف