Mashrabaمشربة

The commentators side by side

One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ قُدُّوسِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِدْرِيسِيَّةٍ

←Read ¶14 in the text

14 · 90 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَالْاسْمُ المُسَمَّىٰ مِنْ حَيْثُ الذَّاتِ وَالْاسْمُ غَيْرُ المُسَمَّىٰ مِنْ حَيْثُ مَا يَخْتَصُّ بِهِ مِنَ المَعْنَى الَّذِي سِيقَ لَهُ فَإِذَا فَهِمْتَ أَنَّ العَلِيَّ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عُلُوَّ المَكَانِ وَلَا عُلُوَّ المَكَانَةِ فَإِنَّ عُلُوَّ المَكَانَةِ يَخْتَصُّ بِوُلاَةِ الأَمْرِ كَالسُّلطَانِ وَالحُكَّامِ وَالْوُزَرَاءِ وَالقُضَاةِ وَكُلِّ ذِي مَنْصِبٍ سَوَاءٌ كَانَتْ فِيهِ أَهْلِيَّةُ ذَٰلِكَ المَنْصِبِ أَوْ لَمْ تَكُنْ وَالعُلُوُّ بِالْصِّفَاتِ لَيْسَ كَذَٰلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ يَكُونُ أَعْلَمَ النَّاسِ يَتَحَكَّمُ فِيهِ مَنْ لَهُ مَنْصِبُ التَّحَكُّمِ وَإِن كَانَ أَجْهَلَ النَّاسِ فَهَذَا عَلِيٌّ بِالمَكَانَةِ بِحُكْمِ التَّبَعِ مَا هُوَ عَلِيٌّ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَإِذَا عُزِلَ زَالَتْ رَفْعَتُهُ وَالعَالِمُ لَيْسَ كَذَٰلِكَ

So the name is the named with respect to the Essence, and the name is other than the named with respect to the meaning specific to it, for the sake of which it was brought forth. So when you have understood that the High (al-ʿAlī) is what we have mentioned, you know that it is not highness of place nor highness of rank (makāna). For highness of rank is specific to those charged with authority (wulāt al-amr), such as the sultan, the governors, the ministers, the judges, and everyone holding an office, whether or not he has the qualification for that office. But highness through the attributes is not like that. For the most knowledgeable of people may be subject to the ruling of one who holds the office of ruling, even if he is the most ignorant of people. This one, then, is high in rank by way of what follows [from the office]; he is not high in himself. So when he is dismissed, his elevation vanishes, whereas the knower is not like that.

On the whole passage · 1 of 5

Only al-Qāshānī comments here.

al-Qāshānī

﴿فإن علو المكانة يختص بولاية الأمر كالسلطان والحكام والوزراء والقضاة وكل ذى منصب ، سواء كانت فيه أهلية ذلك المنصب أو لم تكن ، والعلو بالصفات ليس كذلك فإنه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكم فيه من له منصب التحكم وإن كان أجهل الناس ، فهذا أعلى المكانة بحكم التبع ما هو علىّ في نفسه ، فإذا عزل زالت رفعته والعالم ليس كذلك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

هذا دليل على الفرق بين العلو الذاتي والعلو التبعى الذي هو بواسطة المكان أو المكانة. وقد بينه في علو المكانة فإنه أرفع ليعلم منه الفرق بين الذاتي والتبعى . وذلك أن العلو التبعى عرضى يزول بزوال متبوعه كما ذكر . وأما الذاتي فلا يمكن زواله فيكون أعلى مراتب العلو وقد تمثل بالعلو الوصفي الذي هو دونه ، فإنه إذا كان الوصف لازما كان العلو ممتنع الزوال . فمن كان أعلم كان أعلم بالصفة النفسية لا بالتبعية ، فما ظنك بمن هو أعلى بالذات ؟ قد يجتمع أنواعه من العلو بالذات والصفة والمكانة والمكان ، كما في الحق تعالى. فإن له أعلى المكانات والمراتب وأعلى الأماكن ، وإن كان المكان في حقه مجازا كالعرش ، وأما علوه بالذات والصفات فظاهر ، وللإنسان الكامل أوفر نصيب منها كادريس عليه السلام في شرف ذاته وعلوها ، وكمال علمه ومكانة نبوته ومكانه. في قوله : " ورَفَعْناه مَكاناً عَلِيًّا " . اللهم ارزقنا حظا وافرا ونصيبا كاملا منها بفضلك يا أرحم الراحمين

This is evidence of the difference between essential highness and dependent highness, which comes by way of place or station. He has clarified this through highness of station, for it is more manifest, so that the difference between the essential and the dependent may be known through it. This is because dependent highness is accidental and vanishes with the vanishing of that upon which it depends, as mentioned; whereas essential highness cannot possibly vanish, and so it is the highest of the ranks of highness. He has given the example of highness by attribute (al-ʿuluww al-waṣfī), which is lower than it—for when the attribute is necessary (lāzim), the highness becomes impossible of vanishing. So whoever is more learned is more learned by the essential attribute, not by dependency—what then of one who is highest by Essence? The various kinds of highness—by Essence, by attribute, by station, and by place—may converge, as in the case of the Real, exalted is He. For He possesses the highest stations and ranks and the highest places, even though place in His regard is metaphorical, like the Throne. As for His highness by Essence and attributes, that is evident. And the perfect human has the most abundant share of these—like Enoch, peace be upon him, in the nobility of his essence and its highness, the perfection of his knowledge, the station of his prophethood, and his place—in His saying: 'And We raised him to a high place' (Q. 19:57). O God, grant us an abundant portion and a complete share of these by Your bounty, O Most Merciful of the merciful.

al-Qāshānī

﴿فإذا فهمت أن العلى ما ذكرناه ، علمت أنه ليس علو المكان ولا علو المكانة﴾

أي إذا علمت أن العلى لنفسه أي بالعلو الذاتي ما ذكرناه . علمت أن علوه ليس علو المكان ولا علو المكانة. قال رضي الله عنه

That is, when you know that the Most High in Himself—that is, by essential highness—is what we have mentioned, you will know that His highness is neither the highness of place nor the highness of station. He said, may God be pleased with him

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإذا علمت أن العلى ما ذكرناه﴾

أي، الذي له العلو بذاته هو الذي لا يكون علوه بحسب المكان ولا بحسب المكانة بل بذاته

that is, the one whose highness belongs to him by his Essence is the one whose highness is neither in respect of place nor in respect of rank, but rather by his very Essence—

Ibn Turka

﴿فإذا فهمت أنّ « العليّ » ما ذكرناه﴾

من أنّه الذي له الكمال الشامل والجمع الإحاطي

namely, that it is that which possesses all-inclusive perfection and encompassing comprehensiveness

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإذا فهمت أن العلي ما ذكرناه﴾

وهو قوله : فالعلي لنفسه الخ

- that is, his statement: 'The Most High is so for Himself,' etc.

Words 23–24 · 1 of 5

مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿ما ذكرناه﴾

من إله هو الذي يكون له الكمال المستغرق جميع الكمالات

of a god who possesses the perfection encompassing all perfections

al-Qayṣarī

﴿علمت أنه﴾

أي، أن علوه. قال رضي الله عنه

that is, that His highness. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿علمت أنّه ليس علوّ المكان ولا علوّ المكانة﴾

ضرورة أنّهما لا يشملان ذلك الشمول ، بل هو الشامل لهما وأيضا فإنّهما يلحقان العالي لحوق نسبة وإضافة ، ولا يلزمانه لزوم جمعيّة وإحاطة . ثمّ إنّ علوّ المكانة وإن أطلق على العلوّ بالصفات اللازمة - كالعلم مثلا - ويتصوّر فيه حينئذ الشمول والإحاطة ، ولكن ليس ذلك من حيث علوّ المكانة فقط . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

since neither of these two encompasses that comprehensiveness; rather, it is That which encompasses both of them. Moreover, both place and rank attach to the exalted one by way of relation (nisba) and ascription, and do not necessarily entail for it the necessity of comprehensiveness and encompassment. Then, although loftiness of rank may be applied to loftiness by means of necessary attributes—such as knowledge, for example—and comprehensiveness and encompassment may then be conceived in it, this is not, however, from the standpoint of loftiness of rank alone. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿علمت أنه﴾

أي العلم الذاتي

i.e., the essential loftiness (al-ʿuluww al-dhātī)

Bālī Zāde

﴿علمت أنه﴾

أي أن علق مسمى الله (ليس على المكان ولا على المكانة) أي ليس سببا لعلو المكان والمكانة وأن وجدا فيه بل سبب علوه ذاته . فعلوه بالمكان والمكانة عين علوه الذاتي إذ هما من جملة الكمالات التي استغرق الذات به فالعلم الذاتي هو مسمی الله خاصة

- that is, that the attachment of the name 'Allāh' (is not based on place nor on station/rank) - that is, it is not the cause of the elevation of place and station, even if these are found in Him; rather, the cause of His elevation is His Essence. So His elevation through place and station is identical with His essential elevation, since both belong among the perfections which the Essence has encompassed. Thus the essential knowledge (al-ʿilm al-dhātī) is the name 'Allāh' specifically

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ليس علو المكان ولا علو المكانة، فإن علو المكانة يختص بولاة الأمر، كالسلطان والحكام والوزراء والقضاء وكل ذي منصب عال، سواء كانت فيه أهلية ذلك المنصب﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

كالسلطان العادل والوزير العاقل والقاضي الغير الجاهل

such as a just sultan, a wise minister, and an unignorant judge,

Jāmī

﴿ليس علو المكان … ولا علو المكانة﴾

يعني العلو بحسب منصب من المناصب. وعلو المكانة بهذا المعنى أخص مما سبق فإنه كان شاملا للعلو بالصفات أيضا. وإنما قلنا : العلم الذاتي ليس علو المكانة

meaning loftiness according to some office among offices. Positional height in this sense is more specific than what preceded, for that preceding sense was inclusive of loftiness by attributes (al-ʿuluww bi-l-ṣifāt) as well. We only said: essential loftiness is not positional height

Ibn Turka

﴿فإنّ علوّ المكانة يختصّ بولاة الأمر ، كالسلطان والحكَّام والوزراء والقضاة وكلّ ذي منصب - سواء كانت فيه أهليّة ذلك المنصب أو لم تكن - والعلوّ بالصفات ليست كذلك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فإنّه يعطي الأهليّة للموصوف ، بل تلك الأهليّة هي المستجلبة لتلك الصفات. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

for it does not grant fitness to the one so qualified; rather, it is that fitness itself which attracts those attributes. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿فإن علو المكانة﴾

بالمعنى الأخص

in the more specific sense

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإن علو المكانة﴾

أي العلو الذي المكانة سبب له في الدني (يختص) بما في عالم الشهادة من جنس الإنسان فلا ينافي قوله على المكان بالعمل وعلى المكانة بالعلم . يدل عليه قوله

- that is, the elevation for which station is the cause in this world - (it is specific) to what exists in the world of the visible (ʿālam al-shahāda) among the human genus. This does not contradict his statement 'through place by action and through station by knowledge.' This is indicated by his saying

Jāmī

﴿يختص بولاة الأمر﴾

الذين يتولون أمور المسلمين بالغلبة أو اتفاق جماعة أو نصب ذي منصب أعلى. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

who take charge of the affairs of the Muslims through conquest, or the agreement of a group, or appointment by one holding a higher office. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Bālī Zāde

﴿بولاة الأمر كالسلطان والحكام والوزراء والقضاة وكل ذي منصب سواء كانت فيه أهلية ذلك المنصب﴾

كالعدالة والعقل والعلم (او لم يكن والعلق بالصفات ليس كذلك) وهو علق المسمى الله خاصة وعلو بعض مجاليه وهم العلماء بالله فإن علوهم بالصفات العلمية الباقية أزلا وأبدا

such as justice, intellect, and knowledge, (or he does not possess it - and the attachment by the Attributes is not like that) - that is, the attachment of the name 'Allāh' specifically, and the elevation of some of His loci of manifestation (majālī), who are the knowers of God (al-ʿulamāʾ bi-Llāh); for their elevation is through the attributes of knowledge which remain forever, in pre-eternity and post-eternity

Jāmī

﴿كالسلطان والحكام والوزراء والقضاة وكل ذي منصب سواء كانت فيه أهلية ذلك المنصب﴾

كبعض من سلف من هؤلاء المذكورين (أو لم يكن) كأبناء زماننا هذا، ويمكن زوال العلو بالمكانة بهذا المعنى عن صاحبه كما إذا انعزل السلطان والوزير والحاكم والقاضي من مناصبهم. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

like some of those who have passed among those mentioned, (or does not possess it), like the sons of our age; and it is possible for positional height in this sense to vanish from its possessor, as when the sultan, the vizier, the ruler, or the judge is removed from his office. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Words 52–54 · 1 of 5

أَوْ لَمْ تَكُنْ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿أو لم تكن﴾

كعكس ما ذكرناه

the opposite of what we have mentioned.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿والعلو بالصفات ليس كذلك﴾

لأن العلى بعلو المكانة لا يبقى عليا عند زوالها عن ساعة، كانعزال السلطان والوزير والحاكم والقاضي عن مناصبهم. لأن العلو في الحقيقة للمرتبة لا لهم. والعلي بالصفات الإلهية لا يزول ذلك العلو عنه، فما بالك بالعلو الذاتي الذي هو أعلى مرتبة من الكل. وهذا تنبيه على أن العلو أربعة اقسام: 1 - أعلاها العلو الذاتي. 2 - ثم الصفات، 3 - ثم المرتبي. "المراتب" 4 - ثم المكاني. والحق (على) بجميع الأقسام، جمعا وتفصيلا، وللإنسان نصيب منها. ولما كان العلى بالعلو الصفاتي في بعض الصور تحت سلطنة من له العلو بالمنصب، كتحكم السلطان الجاهل والوزير الغير العاقل على من هو أعلم الناس وأعقلهم. قال رضي الله عنه معللا

because the one who is high by the highness of rank does not remain high once that rank departs from him, as when the sultan, the minister, the ruler, and the judge are removed from their offices—for the highness, in reality, belongs to the rank, not to them. But the one who is high by the divine attributes does not have that highness depart from him; how much more so, then, the essential highness, which is the highest rank of all! This is an indication that highness is of four kinds: (1) the highest of them is essential highness; (2) then that of attributes; (3) then that of rank ("ranks"); (4) then that of place. And the Real is High (ʿalī) with respect to all these divisions, both collectively and in detail, and the human being has a portion of them. And since the one who is high by highness of attributes is, in some cases, under the dominion of one who has highness of office—as when an ignorant sultan or an unwise minister exercises authority over one who is the most knowledgeable and most intelligent of people—he, may God be pleased with him, said, giving the reason:

Jāmī

﴿والعلو بالصفات﴾

أي انتي بنصف بها الموصوف في حد ذاته من غير اعتبار معتبر مع أنه دون العلم الذاتي

i.e., that by which the one so qualified is characterized in himself, without regard to any extraneous consideration — even though this is below essential loftiness (al-ʿuluww al-dhātī)

Words 57–58 · 1 of 5

لَيْسَ كَذَٰلِكَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿ليس كذلك﴾

أي مختصا بولاة الأمر ووقعا في معرض الزوال، فما ظنك بالعلو الذاتي الذي هو أعلى مرتبة من الكل. فلا يكون العلو بالذات علو المكانة ، وإنما العلو بالصفات ليس كالعلو بالمرتبة. قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه

i.e., it is not particular to those holding authority, nor exposed to vanishing. So what then do you suppose of essential loftiness, which is the highest rank of all? Thus essential loftiness (al-ʿuluww bi-l-dhāt) is not positional height; rather, loftiness by attributes is not like loftiness by rank. The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإنه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكم فيه من له منصب التحكم، وإن كان أجهل الناس.﴾

قال رضي الله عنه

He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿فإنّه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكَّم فيه من له منصب التحكَّم - وإن كان أجهل الناس - فهذا عليّ بالمكانة بحكم التبع ما هو عليّ في نفسه ، فإذا عزل زالت رفعته والعالم ليس كذلك﴾

فعلم أن العالم هو العليّ في نفسه باعتبار الشمول للمعلومات والإحاطة بكنه الكلّ . والذي يلوّح عليه أنّ « الياء » مادّة « الميم » وباطنه لفظا ، كما أنّه صورة تماميّته وهيئة جمعيّة سواده عقدا . على ما روي من محمّد صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم: " أنا مدينة العلم وعليّ بابها " . وجه ارتباط هذا الفص مع الفص الآتي ثمّ إذ قد فرغ عمّا للمبادئ الأول والصدر الأقدم من الحكم الكاشفة عن الحقائق التنزيهيّة والمعارف التقديسيّة - على ما عليه عموم العقول البشريّة والحقيقة الإنسانيّة - أخذ يشرع فيما عليه أولو النهاية من الحكم الكاشفة عن التنزيه الكمالي ، والتقديس الأتمّ الأكمل - على ما هو مقتضى القابليّة الأولى والطلب الأصلي المتوجّه نحو الكمال الختمي . وذلك هو الذي يسمّيه أكثر المتأخّرين بـ « العشق » ويلزمه الوله والشوق والتهيّم ، وهو مادّة تعطَّش القوابل للفيض الوجوديّ والكمال الشهوديّ ، فلذلك وصف هذه الحكمة بـ « المهيّميّة » في قوله : فإنّ الهيمان هو شدّة العطش والوله

Thus it is known that the knower is the lofty one in himself, by virtue of comprehensiveness with respect to things known and encompassment of the inmost reality of the whole. What points to this is that the letter "yāʾ" is the substance of the letter "mīm" and its inward aspect verbally, just as it is the form of its completion and the configuration of the comprehensiveness of its blackness in writing—according to what has been related from Muḥammad, God's blessing and peace upon him: "I am the city of knowledge and ʿAlī is its gate." The connection of this chapter (faṣṣ) with the following chapter: Now that he has finished with what pertains to the first principles and the most ancient source, of the wisdom disclosing the realities of declaring incomparability (tanzīh) and the sanctifying knowledges—according to what is held by human rational faculties and human reality in general—he begins to embark upon what pertains to those of ultimate attainment (ūlū al-nihāya), of the wisdom disclosing perfected incomparability and the most complete and perfect sanctification—according to what is required by the primal receptivity and the original quest directed toward seal-like perfection (al-kamāl al-khatmī). This is what most of the later masters call "ʿishq" (passionate love), which necessarily entails rapture (walah), longing (shawq), and bewilderment (tahayyum), and it is the substance of the thirst of the receptacles for existential effusion (fayḍ wujūdī) and witnessed perfection. Hence this wisdom is described as "al-hāʾimiyya" (the wisdom of ardent yearning) in his saying: for hayamān is intense thirst and rapture

Jāmī

﴿فإنه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكم فيه من له منصب التحكم وإن كان أجهل الناس. فهذا علي بالمكانة بحكم التبع ما هو علي في نفسه. فإذا عزل زالت رفعته والعالم ليس كذلك.﴾

قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

﴿فإنه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكم فيه من له منصب التحكم مع كونه أجهل الناس فهذا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي من له منصب التحكم مع كونه أجهل الناس

i.e., the one who holds the office of authority while being the most ignorant of people

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإنه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكم فيه من له منصب التحكم وإن كان أجهل الناس فهذا علي بالمكانة بحكم التبع ما هو علي في نفسه﴾

وأما العالم فهو على في نفسه. ولذلك لا يزال عن رفعة العلم

As for the knower (al-ʿālim), he is elevated in himself. Therefore he never ceases from the loftiness of knowledge

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فهذا على بالمكانة، بحكم التبع، ما هو على في نفسه، فإذا عزل زالت رفعته، والعالم ليس كذلك﴾

أي، فهذا الجاهل على بعلو المكانة، بحكم التبعية، وليس عليا في نفسه وذاته، فإذا نزل ونزع منه ثياب المنصب، تزولرفعته، وتظهر فضيحته، والعالم ليس كذلك. فإن العلم مما يبقى أبد الآبدين، ولا يزال صاحبه من العالمين. والحمد لله رب العالمين

that is, this ignorant man is high by the highness of rank, by way of derivative attribution, and is not high in himself and in his essence; so when he is brought down and the garments of office are stripped from him, his elevation departs and his disgrace is exposed. But the knowledgeable one is not so, for knowledge is among those things that remain forever and ever, and its possessor never ceases to be among the knowers. And praise belongs to God, Lord of the worlds.

Jāmī

﴿علي بالمكانة﴾

"عالي المكانة" والمرتبة

[meaning] "high in rank" (ʿālī al-makāna) and station

Words 77–82 · 1 of 5

بِحُكْمِ التَّبَعِ مَا هُوَ عَلِيٌّ فِي

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿بحكم التبع ما هو علي في﴾

حد (نفسه) من غير اعتبار أمر خارج عن ذاته وصفاته . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

the very limit of (himself), without regard to anything external to his essence and attributes. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿فإذا عزل زالت رفعته والعلم ليس كذلك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فإن العلم مما يبقى أبد الآبدين ولا يزال صاحبه من العالمين . واعلم أن العلي بالذات وإن لم يكن علوه علو مكان ولا مكانة ولا صفة، فهو بحسب كماله المستغرق يستوعب جميع أقسام العلو بل لا يكون منصفا به إلا هو، فالعلي بجميع أقسام العلو هو الحق سبحانه وتعالى تفضيل "وتحقيقا" لا غير "والحمد لله رب العالمين" [الأنعام : 45]. انتهي الفص النوحي

For knowledge is among the things that endure forever and ever, and its possessor never ceases to be among the knowers (al-ʿālimīn). And know that the Most High in Himself (al-ʿAlī bi-l-dhāt), even though His loftiness is not loftiness of place, nor of rank, nor of attribute, yet by virtue of His all-encompassing perfection He comprehends all the categories of loftiness; indeed none can be characterized by it save Him. So the One lofty with all the categories of loftiness is the Real, glorified and exalted, by way of superiority and verification, none other — 'And praise belongs to God, Lord of the worlds' [al-Anʿām: 45]. Here ends the Bezel of Enoch (Faṣṣ Idrīs).

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإذا عزل … زالت رفعته والعالم ليس كذلك﴾

Bālī Zāde · line 2913English translation pending
Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.