Mashrabaمشربة

The commentators side by side

One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ مُهَيَّمِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِبْرَاهِيمِيَّةٍ

←Read ¶11 in the text

11 · 74 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَإِذَا تَخَلَّلَ الرِّزْقُ ذَاتَ المَرْزُوقِ بِحَيْثُ لَا يَبْقَى فِيهِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا تَخَلَّلَهُ فَإِنَّ الغِذَاءَ يَسْرِي فِي جَمِيعِ أَجْزَاءِ المُتَغَذِّي كُلِّهَا وَمَا هُنَالِكَ أَجْزَاءٌ فَلَا بُدَّ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّلَ جَمِيعَ المَقَامَاتِ الإِلٰهِيَّةِ المُعَبَّرِ عَنْهَا بِالأَسْمَاءِ فَتَظْهَرُ بِهَا ذَاتُهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا فَنَحْنُ لَهُ كَمَا ثَبَتَتْ أَدِلَّتُنَا وَنَحْنُ لَنَا وَلَيْسَ لَهُ سِوَى كَوْنِي فَنَحْنُ لَهُ كَنَحْنُ بِنَا فَلِي وَجْهَانِ هُوَ وَأَنَا وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَنَا بِأَنَا وَلَكِنْ فِي مَظْهَرُهُ فَنَحْنُ لَهُ كَمِثْلِ إِنَّا وَاللَّهُ يَقُولُ ٱلحَقُّ وَهُوَ يَهْدِي السَّبِيلَ

So when provision permeates the very essence of the one provided for, such that nothing remains in him that it has not permeated (for nourishment flows through all the parts of the one nourished, every one of them, though there are no parts there), then it must permeate all the divine stations designated by the Names, so that His Essence, majestic and exalted is He, becomes manifest through them. So we belong to Him, as our proofs have established, and we belong to ourselves. He has nothing but my being; so we are His just as we are through ourselves. Thus I have two faces: He and I; but He has no 'I' through an 'I', rather [He has it] in His locus of manifestation. So we are to Him like 'Indeed We' [variant reading: like a vessel]. 'And God speaks the truth, and He guides on the way' [Q 33:4].

Words 1–3 · 1 of 6

فَإِذَا تَخَلَّلَ الرِّزْقُ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿فإذا تخلل الرزق ذات المرزوق بحيث لا يبقى فيه شيء إلا تخلله، فإن الغذاء يسري في جميع أجزاء المغتذي كلها وما هنالك أجزاء فلا بد أن يتخلل جميع المقامات الإلهية المعبر عنها بالأسماء فتظهر بها ذاته جل وعلا. فنحن له كما ثبتت %~% أدلتنا ونحن لن وليس له سوى كوني %~% فنحن له كنحن بنا … فإذا تخلل الرزق﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

الذي هو الغذاء للمرزوق

there are no parts, so it must be that it permeates all the divine stations expressed by the names, so that His Essence, exalted and high, manifests through them. So we are for Him, as our proofs have established, and we are for us; and there is nothing for Him save my being — so we are for Him as we are through us... So when sustenance permeates] which is the nourishment for the one sustained

Jāmī

﴿ذات المرزوق بحيث لا يبقى فيه﴾

أي في المرزوق ( شيء) من الأجزاء

i.e., in the one sustained (anything) of the parts

Words 6–10 · 1 of 6

بِحَيْثُ لَا يَبْقَى فِيهِ شَيْءٌ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿بحيث لا يبقى فيه شئ إلا تخلله … فتظهر بها ذاته، جل وعلا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

عطف على قوله

is conjoined to his saying

Jāmī

﴿إلا تخلله … فإن الغذاء﴾

بسبب هذا التخلل المستوعب

because of this comprehensive permeation

Bālī Zāde

﴿شيء إلا تخلله﴾

أي تختل الرزق ذلك

i.e., the provision interpenetrates that [part] —

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإن الغذاء﴾

%~% تعليل. وقوله

is a causal clause (taʿlīl). And his saying

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإن الغذاء يسري في جميع أجزاء المتغذي كلها﴾

فوجب للخليل بهذه المركبة أن يسري الحق

— so it was necessary, by virtue of this rank, for al-Khalīl, that the Real should permeate [him] —

Jāmī

﴿يسري في جميع أجزاء المتغذي به كلها وما هناك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي في الجناب الإلهي (أجزاء) لتنزيهه و تنزهه بقدسه عن التركيب

i.e., in the divine presence (there are no parts), due to His transcendence (tanzīh) and His being sanctified in His holiness above composition

Words 18–20 · 1 of 6

أَجْزَاءِ المُتَغَذِّي كُلِّهَا

Only al-Qāshānī comments here.

al-Qāshānī

﴿أجزاء المتغذى كلها﴾

فوجب للخليل بهذه المرتبة أن يسرى الحق.أهـ بالى "" قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

— thus it was necessary, by virtue of this rank, that the Real should permeate the Friend. End, Bālī. "" The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qāshānī

﴿وما هنالك أجزاء ، فلا بد أن يتخلل جميع المقامات الإلهية المعبر عنها بالأسماء ، فتظهر بها ذاته جل وعلا﴾

إشارة إلى الفرق بين المشبه والمشبه به ، فإن الحق الذي تخلله إبراهيم ليس بذى أجزاء ، فجعل الأسماء الإلهية في العقود بمثابة الأجزاء في المتغذى ، فلا بد أن يظهر الحق في صورة إبراهيم بجميع أسمائه وصفاته. فيختفى إبراهيم عليه السلام فيه : "" من حاشية تعليقات بالى أفندي

— an indication of the difference between the thing likened and that to which it is likened, for the Real, whom Abraham interpenetrated, does not possess parts. So the divine Names, in [their] connections, were made analogous to the parts in the one nourished; thus the Real must needs manifest in the form of Abraham with all His Names and Attributes, Abraham, upon him peace, thereby becoming hidden within Him. "" From the marginal commentary of Bālī Afandī

﴿وما هنالك﴾

أي في الحق ( أجزاء ) إذ هي محال عليه بل فيه أسماء وصفات

— that is, in the Real — (parts), since these are impossible of Him; rather in Him are Names and Attributes

Bālī Zāde

﴿وما هنالك﴾

أي وليس في الحق (أجزاء) إذا لا جزاء مجال عليه بل فيه أسماء و صفات

i.e., there are not in the Real '(parts),' since division (ajzāʾ) has no scope over Him; rather, in Him are Names and Attributes —

al-Qāshānī

﴿فلا بد أن يتخلل جميع المقامات الإلهية﴾

ومجوز أن يكون فإذن الشرط وجوابه فلا بد ، فإذا كان الأمر كما قلنا فنحن له كما ثبتت اهـ. بالى. "" قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

— and it is permissible that "fa-idhan" be the conditional particle and its apodosis be "fa-lā budd" (it is necessary); so if the matter is as we have said, then we belong to Him just as [our proofs] have been established. End. Bālī. "" The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فلا بد أن يتخلل. … فنحن له كما ثبتت %~% أدلتنا ونحن لنا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، فنحن له غذاء، كما نحن له مرآيا، إذ بنا قوام ظهور كمالاته وصفاته. وهومختف فينا، كما مر من أن الغذاء ما به قوام الشئ

That is, we are sustenance for Him, just as we are mirrors for Him, since by us is sustained the manifestation of His perfections and attributes; and He is concealed within us, as was mentioned previously that sustenance is that by which the subsistence of a thing is maintained

Jāmī

﴿فلا بد أن يتخلل﴾

الخليل عليه السلام

the Friend, peace be upon him, (permeates)

Bālī Zāde

﴿فلا بد أن يتخلل جميع المقامات الإلهية المعبر عنها … بالأسماء فتظهر بها … ذاته جل وعلا﴾

قوله : فإذا الشرط وجوابه فلا بد فإذا كان الأمر . قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه : ما قلناه شعر: فنحن له كما ثبتت %~% أدلتنا ونحن لن وليس له سوى كوني %~% فنحن له كنحن بن فلي وجهان هو وأنا %~% و ليس له أنا بأن ولكن في مظهره %~% فنحن له كمثل إن و الله يقول الحق و هو يهدي السبيل.)

— his saying 'fa-idhā' is the conditional particle, and its apodosis is 'fa-lā budda,' i.e., 'when the matter is so...' The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said — confirming what we have stated — in verse: 'We are His, as our proofs have established, and we are ours; He has naught but my being, so we are His, as "we" [is] through "us"; I have two aspects, He and I, yet He has no "I" as [my] "I"; But in His locus of manifestation we are His, as the likeness of "we." And God speaks the truth, and He guides to the way.'

Words 26–27 · 1 of 6

أَنْ يَتَخَلَّلَ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿أن يتخلل﴾

وفاعله (ذاته). أي، لا بد أن يتخلل إبراهيم جميع الأسماء، فتظهر ذات الحق فيها وفي مظاهرها، إذ ظهورها إنما هو بالمظاهر وهي الأعيان. وجواب (إذا) قوله

whose agent is (His Essence). That is, Ibrāhīm must necessarily permeate all the Names, so that the Essence of the Real manifests within them and within their manifestations (mazāhir), since their manifestation occurs only through the manifestations, which are the entities (aʿyān). And the response to (idhā, "when") is his saying

Ibn Turka

﴿جميع المقامات الإلهيّة المعبّر عنها ب « الأسماء » فيظهر بها﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي بتلك المرتبة الجليلة الخليليّة

- that is, through that glorious, Khalīlī (Abrahamic) rank

Jāmī

﴿جميع المقامات الإلهية﴾

والمراتب الربانية

and the lordly ranks

Words 31–33 · 1 of 6

المُعَبَّرِ عَنْهَا بِالأَسْمَاءِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿المعبر عنها بالأسماء﴾

فإنها لذلك الجناب بمنزلة الأجزاء للمتغذي به (فتظهر) منصوب معطوف على يتخلل. أي لا بد أن يتخلل الخليل جميع المقامات والأسماء فتظهر (بها) ، أي بتلك المقامات والأسماء التي تخللها الخليل واتصف بها

for they are, with respect to that presence, in the position of the parts for the one nourished (so [His Essence] manifests) — in the accusative, conjoined with 'permeates.' That is: the Friend must permeate all the stations and names, so that (through them), i.e., through those stations and names which the Friend permeated and was qualified by

Ibn Turka

﴿ذاته جلّ وعلا﴾

ضرورة أنّها هي التي يتخلَّل جميع الأسماء الإلهيّة - تخلَّل اللون للمتلوّن ، فيظهر بها ظهور المتلوّن باللون . ثمّ إنّك قد نبّهت على أنّ للضمائر بين الأسماء دلالة بسيطة ساذجة عن المعاني الوضعيّة والنسب الفعليّة - التي هي مبادئ الأسماء كلَّها - فلها من هذا الوجه اختصاص بالذات ، كما أنّ لغيرها من الأسماء اختصاصا بمرتبة الأفعال والأوصاف ، وقد بيّن أمرها في النظم السابق . ثمّ لما انساق الكلام هاهنا إلى أحكام الذات وظهورها بالمرتبة الخليليّة الإبراهيميّة ، أخذ في تبيين أمر تلك الأسماء البسيطة من حيث الدلالة على تلك المرتبة ، بصرافة معنى التكلم والغيبة ، والوحدة والكثرة ، بدون اعتبار معنى وصفي ولا أثر فعلي ، بقوله : لي وجهان : هو وأن ( ونحن له كم %~% ثبتت أدلَّتنا ) فإنّ الأدلَّة العقليّة إنّما تدلّ على أنّ الكثرة العينيّة الكونيّة الإمكانيّة إنّما هي للهويّة الغيبيّة. " الواحد الغيبي هو هوية الوجود . والواحد العيني هو الواحد الكوني ، فتباينا وتعانقا إليه يرجع الأمر كله . " (الوجوديّة الوجوبيّة %~% ونحن لنا ) بحسب المدارك الذوقيّة الشهوديّة - كما مرّ غير مرّة في تقدّم القوابل وسبق أحكامها على الكل - وإذا كان أمر الكثرة العينيّة التكلميّة إلى نفسها - وقد رجع أمرها إلى الوحدة, فلا يكون للوحدة الغيبيّة الوجوديّة ، إلَّا الكون الوحداني المضاف إلى الواحد العيني ، فالكثرة حينئذ منمحية ، سواء نسب إلى الوحدة الغيبيّة أو الكثرة العينيّة . وإليه أشار بقوله

- necessarily, since it is That which permeates all the divine Names - as color permeates the colored thing, so that He manifests through them as the colored thing manifests through color. Now you have already been alerted that the pronouns among the Names have a simple, unadorned signification, free of conventional meanings and active relations - which are the principles of all the Names - and from this aspect they have a specificity pertaining to the Essence, just as the other Names have a specificity pertaining to the station of acts and attributes; and the matter of these has already been explained in the preceding verse. Then, since the discourse here has turned to the determinations of the Essence and its manifestation through the Khalīlī, Abrahamic rank, he began to clarify the matter of those simple Names from the standpoint of their signifying that rank, through the pure meaning of first-person and third-person reference, and of unity and multiplicity, without regard to any descriptive meaning or any effect of an act, saying: "I have two faces: He and I; and for us, how many our proofs have established" - for the rational proofs only indicate that the entitative, cosmic, contingent multiplicity belongs to the unseen identity (al-huwiyya al-ghaybiyya). "The unseen One is the identity of existence (huwiyyat al-wujūd). The entitative One is the cosmic One. So the two diverge and embrace; to Him the entire matter returns." ("necessary existential-ness; and for us, for us") - according to the tasted, witnessed perceptions, as has been mentioned more than once, regarding the precedence of the receptacles (qawābil) and the priority of their determinations over the whole. And since the matter of entitative, speaking multiplicity pertains to itself - though its matter has returned to unity - there can be, for the unseen, existential unity, nothing but the unitary cosmic being attributed to the entitative One; multiplicity then is effaced, whether it be ascribed to unseen unity or to entitative multiplicity. To this he alluded by his saying

Jāmī

﴿ذاته جل وعلا﴾

في مظهرية الخليل عليه السلام وجواب لما. أما قوله : لذلك من القرى أو هو تأكيد لعلية مدخول لما لجوابه . وجوابه قوله : فلا بد أن يتخلل به (فنحن) معشر المتخللين جميع المقامات والأسماء الإلهية تخلل الرزق أجزاء المرزوق مظاهر (له) سبحانه ظهرت فينا ذاته متلبسة بتلك الأسماء والمقامات

in the manifestation-locus (maẕhariyya) of the Friend, peace be upon him — this being the answer to 'since' (lammā). As for his saying 'for that reason' regarding the hospitality, it is either [a restatement], or it is a confirmation of the causal connection between the clause governed by 'lammā' and its answer. And its answer is his saying: 'so it must be that he permeates'; by it (so we) — the company of those who permeate all the divine stations and names, as sustenance permeates the parts of the one sustained — are manifestation-loci (maẕāhir) (for Him), glory be to Him; His Essence has manifested in us, clothed in those names and stations

al-Qāshānī

﴿فنحن له كما ثبتت أدلتنا ونحن لنا﴾

لما ثبتت أدلتنا العقلية لأنا ملكه ، وأدلتنا الكشفية أن صور أعياننا صفاته ، وصفاتنا أسماؤه ، ونسبة الذاتية وشئونه ووجوداتنا الظاهرة وأنياتنا وجوده ، ونحن من حيث أعياننا لنا فإنا من هذه الحيثية حقائق موجودة في الغيب ، و أشخاص قائمة بأنفسها لا حكم علينا إلا منا :. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

— since our rational proofs have established that we are His possession, and our unveiling-based (kashfī) proofs [establish] that the forms of our entities (aʿyān) are His Attributes, and our attributes are His Names, and the relation (nisba) is essential — being His affairs (shuʾūn) — and our manifest existences and our selfhoods (ānniyyāt) are His existence; and we, in respect of our entities, belong to ourselves, for from this respect we are realities existing in the Unseen, and individuals (ashkhāṣ) subsisting by themselves, with no governance over us except from ourselves. "" The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿فنحن له كما ثبتت %~% أدلَّتنا ونحن لنا﴾

يعني : نحن معاشر الكمّل قائمون بالحق على ما ثبتت الأدلَّة الكشفية ، فنحن بحقائقنا الذاتية شؤون الحق وأحوال ، وفيه صور ونسب ذاتية له ، وكذلك من حيث وجوداتنا المشهودة وإنائيّاتنا الظاهرة المعهودة الموجودة نحن لنا من حيث أعياننا ، فإنّا من حيث صورنا العينية تماثيل وأشخاص وجوده لحقائقنا وأعياننا العينية . قال رضي الله عنه

That is: we, the company of the perfect ones (al-kummal), subsist through the Real according to what the unveiling proofs have established. So we, by our essential realities, are Loci of Divine Self-Disclosure (shuʾūn) and states of the Real, in whom there are forms and essential relations (nisab dhātiyya) belonging to Him. Likewise, from the standpoint of our witnessed existences and our manifest, known, existent I-nesses (ināʾiyyāt), we belong to ourselves from the standpoint of our entities (aʿyān); for we, from the standpoint of our entitative forms, are images and individuations of His existence relative to our essential realities and entitative entities.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فنحن له﴾

كم (تثبت أدلتنا) في إظهار أحكامه وكمالاته. هذا ناظر إلى أن المتخلل اسم فاعل هو العبد والمتخلل أسم مفعول هو الحق فكان العبد غذاء للحق

as '(our proofs have established)' in manifesting His rulings and His perfections. This pertains to [the case in which] the interpenetrator (active participle) is the servant and the interpenetrated (passive participle) is the Real, so that the servant was nourishment for the Real.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿كما ثبتت أدلتنا﴾

على صيغة الماضي. أي، كما تقررت الأدلة الكشفيةمن الذوق والوجدان وشهود الأمر على ما هو عليه. لذلك قال: (أدلتنا) بالإضافة إلى أنفسهم. ويجوز أن يكون مضارعا من (الإثبات). حذف تحركة التاء للشعر

in the past-tense form. That is, as the disclosive proofs (al-adilla al-kashfiyya) have been established, from tasting (dhawq), finding (wijdān), and witnessing the matter as it truly is. For this reason he said: (our proofs), in apposition to themselves. It is also possible that it is a present-tense form from (al-ithbāt, 'establishing'), with the vowel-ending of the tāʾ elided for the meter

Jāmī

﴿كما ثبتت﴾

وتحققت (أدلتنا) الكشفية الوحدانية الدالة على ما قلنا . (ونحن) باعتبار أعياننا الوجودية العينية مظاهر (لنا) أيضا باعتبار أعياننا الثابتة، فإن مظهريتنا تئذات الإلهية إنما تجلت أولا بصور أعياننا الثابتة تم بواسطتها بصورة أعياننا الخارجية

our unitive unveiling proofs (adillatunā) indicating what we have said have been established and verified. (And we), in respect of our existential, concrete entities, are loci of manifestation (also) for ourselves in respect of our fixed entities (al-aʿyān al-thābita), for our being a locus of manifestation is, for the Divine Essence, first disclosed in the forms of our fixed entities, then, by means of them, in the form of our external entities.

Words 44–45 · 2 of 6

وَنَحْنُ لَنَا

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ونحن لنا﴾

أي، غذاء لنا، باعتبار اختفاء أعياننا الثابتة وطبائعنا الكلية في صورنا الخارجية، وباعتبار قوامنا بها، لأنها حقائقنا. أو نحن ملكه وهو ربنا ومالكنا ، كما تقررت الأدلة العقلية والكشفية. ونحن ملك لنا، إذ أعياننا حاكمة علينا، كما مر. وكلاهما صحيح

That is, sustenance for ourselves, in consideration of the concealment of our fixed entities (aʿyān thābita) and our universal natures within our external forms, and in consideration of our subsistence through them, since they are our realities. Or: we are His possession and He is our Lord and Owner, as the rational and disclosive proofs have established; and we are a possession for ourselves, since our entities hold dominion over us, as was mentioned before. Both [senses] are correct

Bālī Zāde

﴿ونحن لنا﴾

لإظهار وجودنا وأحكامنا في الحق هذا ناظر إلى أن المتخلل اسم فاعل وهو الحق والمتخلل أسم مفعول هو العبد فكان الحق غذاء للعبد . قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه : ما قلناه شعر: فنحن له كما ثبتت %~% أدلتنا ونحن لنا وليس له سوى كوني %~% فنحن له كنحن بنا فلي وجهان هو وأنا %~% و ليس له أنا بأنا ولكن في مظهره %~% فنحن له كمثل إنا و الله يقول الحق و هو يهدي السبيل.)

— for the manifestation of our existence and our rulings in the Real. This pertains to [the case in which] the interpenetrator (active participle) is the Real and the interpenetrated (passive participle) is the servant, so that the Real was nourishment for the servant. The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said — confirming what we have stated — in verse: 'We are His, as our proofs have established, and we are ours; He has naught but my being, so we are His, as "we" [is] through "us"; I have two aspects, He and I, yet He has no "I" as [my] "I"; But in His locus of manifestation we are His, as the likeness of "we." And God speaks the truth, and He guides to the way.'

﴿ونحن لنا﴾

لإظهار وجودنا وأحكامنا في الحق هذا ناظر إلى أن المتخلل اسم فاعل وهو الحق والمتخلل أسم مفعول هو العبد فكان الحق غذاء للعبد

— for the manifestation of our existence and our rulings in the Real. This pertains to [the case in which] the interpenetrator (active participle) is the Real and the interpenetrated (passive participle) is the servant, so that the Real was nourishment for the servant.

al-Qāshānī

﴿وليس له سوى كونى %~% فنحن له كنحن بنا﴾

أي ليس له كون يظهر به إلا الإنسان الجامع الكامل والإنسان المفصل وهو العالم . فنحن له في ظهوره بنا ومظهر يتناله ، كنحن بنا بأعياننا أو وحقائقنا . أو نحن له بوجوداتنا وأنياتنا كنحن بنا بأعياننا وخصوصياتنا وأحكامنا ، ودخول الكاف على الضمير المرفوع المنفصل لأن المراد به الكلام أي نحن له كلام مثل هذا الكلام . وهو نحن بنا أي نحن من وجه قائمون به عباد له ومظاهر ، ومن وجه قائمون بأنفسنا حاكمون علينا . وفسر هذا المعنى بقوله : قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

— that is, He has no being through which He manifests except the all-comprehensive perfect human (al-insān al-jāmiʿ al-kāmil) and the differentiated human, which is the cosmos. So we belong to Him in His manifestation through us, [being] a locus of manifestation (maẓhar) that He attains, just as we belong to ourselves through our entities (aʿyān) or our realities; or: we belong to Him through our existences and our selfhoods, just as we belong to ourselves through our entities, our particularities, and our properties. The entry of the particle "ka" (like) upon the detached nominative pronoun is because what is meant by it is an expression — that is, "we [belong] to Him" is an expression like this expression, namely "we [belong] to ourselves through us" — that is, we, from one respect, subsist through Him as His servants and loci of manifestation, and from another respect subsist through ourselves, having authority over ourselves. He explained this meaning by his saying: "" The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿وليس له سوى كوني %~% فنحن له كنحن بنا﴾

يعني : ليس للحق مظهر أتمّ وأكمل من الإنسان الجامع وهو الإنسان الكامل . أو الإنسان المفصّل وهو العالم فنحن بمظهرياتنا وعبدانيّاتنا وظهوره بنا كنحن من حيث أعياننا وحقائقنا قائمون بصور وجوده . فنحن لوجوده الحق في الوجود العيني كنحن له من حيث أعياننا في الوجود العلمي العيني ، فهو باطننا ونحن ظاهره قائمون به وبوجوده ، وهو ظاهر بنا وفينا أو بالعكس ، فلا ننفكّ عنه ولا ينفكّ عنّا . قال رضي الله عنه

That is: the Real has no locus of manifestation (maẓhar) more complete and perfect than the all-comprehensive human (al-insān al-jāmiʿ), who is the Perfect Human (al-insān al-kāmil) — or the differentiated human, who is the cosmos. So we, through our locus-of-manifestation-hood and our servanthood, and His manifestation through us, are as we are from the standpoint of our entities: subsisting through the forms of His existence. Thus we are to His Real Existence, in entitative existence, as we are to Him from the standpoint of our entities in cognitive-entitative existence (al-wujūd al-ʿilmī al-ʿaynī). He is our Nonmanifest and we are His Manifest, subsisting through Him and His existence; and He is manifest through us and in us, or the reverse — so we are never separate from Him, nor is He ever separate from us.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وليس له سوى كوني * فنحن له كنحن بنا﴾

أي، وليس للحق سوى كوني، أي، إعطاء وجودي. فحذف المضاف، أو (الكون) بمعنى (التكوين). أي، سوى إيجادي في الخارج، كما مر تقريره في الحمد من إنا نحمده بإعطاء الوجود وإفاضة كمالاته علينا. وهذا الكلام إنما هو باعتبار الفيض المقدس الذي به كمال الاسم (الظاهر)، لا باعتبار الفيض الأقدس،لأنه من ذلك الوجه الأعيان أيضا منه، وإليه يرجع الأمر كله. فنحن له ملك وهو حاكم علينا بالوجود. (كنحن لنا)، أي، كما نحن ملك لنا باعتبار أعياننا الحاكمة علينا. أو: وليس له غذاء سوى وجودي، لاختفائه في وجودنا بظهور هويته في هويتنا، فنحن له غذاء كما نحن لنا غذاء. وفي بعض النسخ

That is, the Real has naught save my 'being' (kawnī), meaning the granting of my existence — the implied noun having been elided — or (al-kawn) in the sense of (al-takwīn, 'bringing into being'), meaning my being brought into existence in the external [world], as was explained before in [the discussion of] praise, that we praise Him through the granting of existence and the effusion of His perfections upon us. And this statement is only in consideration of the Holy Effusion (al-fayḍ al-muqaddas), by which the perfection of the Name (the Manifest, al-Ẓāhir) is realized — not in consideration of the Most Holy Effusion (al-fayḍ al-aqdas), for from that aspect the entities too proceed from Him, and to Him the whole matter returns. So we are for Him a possession, and He has dominion over us through existence. (as We are for ourselves) — that is, just as we are a possession for ourselves in consideration of our entities which hold dominion over us. Or: He has no sustenance save my existence, due to His concealment within our existence through the manifestation of His identity (huwiyya) within our identity; so we are sustenance for Him just as we are sustenance for ourselves. And in some manuscripts [it reads]

Ibn Turka

﴿وليس له سوى كوني %~% فنحن له كنحن بنا﴾

فعلم أنّ للواحد العيني وجهين : أحدهم الغيبيّة الوجوديّة والآخر العينيّة الكونيّة . وليس أحد الوجهين بالآخر في شيء ، فإنّ الكون يباين الوجود مباينة ذاتيّة

- thus it is known that the entitative One has two faces: one is unseen existential-ness, and the other is entitative, cosmic-ness. Neither of the two faces is, in any respect, the other, for cosmic being (al-kawn) differs from existence (al-wujūd) in an essential difference

Jāmī

﴿وليس له﴾

مظهر كامل تام المضاهاة مع الظاهر فيه (سوی كوني) . أي الكون الجامع الذي هو باعتبار جمعيته حقيقة آدم . وباعتبار تفصيله حقيقة العالم وإنما أضافه إلى نفسه لأنه تمام حقیقته الكلية . (فنحن) من حيث أعياننا الموجودة في العين مظاهر (له) أي للحق سبحانه (كنحن) من هذه الحيثية متلبس (بنا) من حيث أعياننا الثابتة المظهرية . فكما نحن من هذه الحيثية مظاهر لأعياننا الثابتة , لذلك نحن من هذه الحيثية مظاهر الوجود الحق سبحانه . ويمكن أن يتكلف ويقال : كلمة بنا في الأصل ممدودة حففت لضرورة الشعر كالأنا في البيت الأخير. والمراد به المظهر فإن المظهر للظاهر مثل بناء يسكن فيه. وقوله : " نحن " مبتدأ و" بنا " خبره . والكاف في قوله : كنحن لإفادة تشبیه الحق سبحانه بأعياننا الثابتة في كون ذواتنا الخارجية مظاهر لكل واحد منها . يعني نحن بأعياننا الموجودة في العين للحق سبحانه بنا، أي مظهر كما لأعياننا الثابتة في العلم، قال الشيخ مؤيد الدين الجندي : يقولون لون الماء لون إنائه، أنا الآن من ماء إناء بلا لون

no complete locus of manifestation perfectly corresponding to what is manifest in it (except my being) — that is, the comprehensive being (al-kawn al-jāmiʿ) which, in respect of its comprehensiveness, is the reality of Adam, and in respect of its differentiation, is the reality of the world; and he attributed it to himself only because it is the completion of his universal reality. (So we), in respect of our entities existing in the concrete (al-ʿayn), are loci of manifestation (for Him), that is, for the Real, glory be to Him — (just as we), from this very respect, are clothed (bi-nā) in respect of our fixed, manifesting entities. For just as we, from this respect, are loci of manifestation of our fixed entities, so too we, from this respect, are loci of manifestation of the existence of the Real, glory be to Him. One might labor the point and say: the word 'bi-nā' was originally elongated and was shortened by poetic necessity, like 'anā' in the final verse. What is meant by it is the locus of manifestation (al-maẓhar), for the locus of manifestation stands to the manifest (al-ẓāhir) as a dwelling (bināʾ) in which one resides. His saying 'naḥnu' (we) is the subject (mubtadaʾ), and 'bi-nā' is its predicate (khabar). The kāf in his saying 'ka-naḥnu' (like we) serves to convey a likening (tashbīh) of the Real, glory be to Him, to our fixed entities, in that our external essences (dhawāt) are loci of manifestation for each one of them. That is: we, by our entities existing in the concrete, are for the Real, glory be to Him, 'bi-nā' — i.e., a locus of manifestation — just as [we are loci of manifestation] for our fixed entities in [Divine] knowledge. Shaykh Muʾayyid al-Dīn al-Jandī said: 'They say the color of water is the color of its vessel; I am now, of water, a colorless vessel.'

Bālī Zāde

﴿وليس له سوى كوني﴾

أي ليس الحق حکم سوی فیض الوجود علي في كوننا لنا هذا ناظر إلى تخلل الحق وجود العبد فكان الحي غذية العبد

i.e., the Real has no ruling (ḥukm) except the effusion of existence upon me, in our being His for ourselves. This pertains to the interpenetration of the Real [within] the existence of the servant, so that the Real was nourishment for the servant.

Words 50–51 · 1 of 6

فَنَحْنُ لَهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فنحن له﴾

كم (تثبت أدلتنا) في إظهار أحكامه وكمالاته. هذا ناظر إلى أن المتخلل اسم فاعل هو العبد والمتخلل أسم مفعول هو الحق فكان العبد غذاء للحق

as '(our proofs have established)' in manifesting His rulings and His perfections. This pertains to [the case in which] the interpenetrator (active participle) is the servant and the interpenetrated (passive participle) is the Real, so that the servant was nourishment for the Real.

﴿فنحن له﴾

هذا ناظر إلى تخلل العبد وجود الحق فكان العبد غذاء اللحن

— this pertains to the interpenetration of the servant [within] the existence of the Real, so that the servant was nourishment for the Real.

Words 52–53 · 2 of 6

كَنَحْنُ بِنَا

al-Qayṣarī

﴿كنحن بنا﴾

أي، مغتذ بأعياننا

That is, sustained by our entities

Bālī Zāde

﴿كنحن بنا﴾

والباء في بنا بمعنى اللام هذا ناظر إلى تخلل الحق وجود العبد فكان الحق غذاء للعبد. فمعناه كما أن الوجود في مقام نحن له للحق لا لنا وهو مقام كون العبد باطنة والحق ظاهرا. كذلك في مقام نحن لنا وهو مقام كون الحق باطنا والعبد ظاهرا والوجود للحق لا لنا. وبهذا المعنى صرح بقوله : (وليس له سوی کوني) فأثبت أن الوجود له في هذا المقام أيضا فإذا ثبت في حقنا نحن له ونحن لنا

through "us"'] — the bāʾ in 'bi-nā' (through us) bears the sense of the lām (i.e., 'for us'). This pertains to the interpenetration of the Real [within] the existence of the servant, so that the Real was nourishment for the servant. Its meaning, then, is: just as, in the station of 'we are His,' existence belongs to the Real and not to us — this being the station in which the servant is nonmanifest and the Real manifest — likewise, in the station of 'we are ours,' which is the station in which the Real is nonmanifest and the servant manifest, existence [still] belongs to the Real and not to us. And it is to this meaning that he gave explicit expression in his saying, '(He has naught but my being),' thereby affirming that existence belongs to Him in this station as well. So, once it is established with respect to us [both]: 'we are His' and 'we are ours' —

al-Qāshānī

﴿فلي وجهان هو وأن %~% وليس له أنا بأنا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

يعنى أن الإنسان الكامل ذو وجهين : وجه إلى الحق وهو هويته الباطنة التي هو بها حتى . ووجه إلى العالم وهو أنانيته الظاهرة التي هو بها خلق . فللانسان به الهوية والأنانية ، وليس للحق بالإنسان الأنانية ، إذ ليس له من حيث الهذية الخلقية أنا بالحقيقة . والمرد بأنا : لفظة أنا ، أي لا يطلق عليه هذه اللفظة من هذه الحيثية ، فلهذا دخلت الفاء عليه مع كونه الضمير المرفوع المنفصل . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

"I"] — meaning that the perfect human has two faces: a face toward the Real, which is his nonmanifest identity (huwiyya) by which he subsists; and a face toward the cosmos, which is his manifest selfhood/egoity (anāniyya) by which he is created. So through him, the human possesses [both] identity and egoity, but the Real does not possess egoity through the human, since He has, in respect of created thisness (hadhiyya), no "I" in reality. What is meant by "anā" is the word "I" — that is, this expression is not applied to Him from this respect; for this reason the particle "fā" entered upon it despite its being the detached nominative pronoun. "" The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿فلي وجهان هو وأن %~% وليس له أنا بأنا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

يعني رضي الله عنه - : أنّ « أنا » لفظ لا يصلح لإنائيّته إلَّا لفظا لا حقيقة ، وظهور إنائيته حقيقة في الوجود العيني إنّما هو بالإنسان الكامل . لأنّ الإنسان الكامل له وجه إلى الحق المطلق وهو باطنه وهويته الغيبية . ووجه أيضا كذلك إلى العالم وهو إنائيته وظاهريته ، وحيث لا تصلح لفظة « أنا » لظهور إنائيته - تعالى - فظهورها في إنّيّات الموجودات كلَّها تفصيلا أسمائيا ، وفي إنائية الإنسان الكامل جمعا ذاتيّا . قال رضي الله عنه

He — may God be pleased with him — means: that 'I' (anā) is a term not truly fit for His I-ness except verbally, not in reality; and the true manifestation of His I-ness in entitative existence occurs only through the Perfect Human. For the Perfect Human has one face toward the Absolute Real, which is his Nonmanifest and his unseen identity (huwiyya ghaybiyya), and likewise another face toward the cosmos, which is his I-ness (ināʾiyya) and manifestness. And since the term 'I' is not fit for the manifestation of His — Exalted is He — I-ness, its manifestation occurs in the individual existences (inniyyāt) of all existents distributively, according to the Names, whereas in the I-ness of the Perfect Human it occurs essentially and comprehensively (jamʿan dhātiyyan).

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فلي وجهان هو وأن %~% وليس له أنا بأنا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، إذا كان وجودي عين الوجود المطلق وقد تميز بانضمامه إلى عيني، فلي وجهان: وجه الهوية، ووجه الأنانية. ومن الوجه الأول ، ليس بيننا امتياز ولا بين، فلا ربوبية ولا عبودية. ومن الثاني، يكون التميز، وتظهر العبودية والربوبية

That is, since my existence is identical with Absolute Existence, yet has become distinguished through its conjunction with my entity, I have two faces: the face of identity (huwiyya) and the face of 'I-ness' (anāniyya). From the first face, there is no distinction and no separation between us, hence neither lordship nor servanthood; from the second, distinction occurs, and servanthood and lordship become manifest

Ibn Turka

﴿فلي وجهان : هو وأن %~% وليس له أنا بأنا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

ثمّ إنّ الوجود الغيبي وإن باين الكون العيني ، ولكن إنّما يظهر فيه كما قيل : " فبضدها يتبيّن الأشياء " . فالكون العيني بمنزلة الإناء في حصره وإظهاره

- then, although unseen existence differs from entitative, cosmic being, it only manifests within it, as has been said: "By their opposites things become clear." So entitative, cosmic being is like a vessel in its containing and manifesting [of existence]

Bālī Zāde

﴿فلي وجهان هو﴾

فمن هذا الوجه كنا نحن له ومن هذا الوجه لا تعين لنا لأن الثعین تابع للوجود والوجود للحق لا لنا . (إنا) فمن هذا الوجه كنا نحن لنا فكان الحق عيننا بإفاضة الوجود علينا فنحن لنا لكونه نحن لنا وأما أنینه وهي به لا بنا فصار تعیننا بسبب الحق

— for from this aspect we were 'we [are] His,' and from this aspect there is no entification (taʿayyun) for us, since entification follows existence, and existence belongs to the Real, not to us. '(and I)' — for from this aspect we were 'we [are] ours,' so the Real became our very entity (ʿaynunā) through the effusion of existence upon us; thus we are ours inasmuch as He is 'we [are] ours.' But as for His selfhood (anāniyya), it is through Him and not through us; so our entification (taʿayyun) came about by reason of the Real.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وليس له أنا بأنا﴾

أي، وليس للحق أنانية بسبب أنانيتي، بل أنانيته بذاته، وهي غنية عما سواها، وأنا نيتي مفتقرة إليها معلولة لها، وإذا ظهرت أنانيته تفنى الأشياء وتعدم الأغيار. أو: وليس له أنانية تعينه، وتجعله في الخارج ممتازا عنا مفارقا منا، كما توهم أهل العقل، وذلك بسبب اختفائه في أنانيتنا. لذلك قال

That is, the Real has no 'I-ness' caused by my 'I-ness'; rather, His 'I-ness' is by His own Essence, which is independent of all besides it, while my 'I-ness' is dependent upon it, caused by it. And when His 'I-ness' manifests, things pass away and otherness is annihilated. Or: He has no 'I-ness' that would entify Him and render Him, in the external [world], distinct from us, separate from us, as the people of reason ('aql) have imagined — this being due to His concealment within our 'I-ness'. For this reason he said

﴿وليس له أنا بأنا﴾

أي، ليس أنانية ممتازة عنا، بل هو ظاهر فينا ونحن مظهره، فباعتبار الظاهرية والمظهرية يحصل التعدد والامتياز. وإذا كنا مظاهره

That is, there is no 'I-ness' distinct from us; rather, He is manifest in us and we are His locus of manifestation. So by virtue of manifestness and being-a-locus-of-manifestation, multiplicity and distinction occur. And since we are His loci of manifestation,

Bālī Zāde

﴿وليس له انا بانا﴾

يعني ليس تعين الحق بسبينا لأن التعين لما كان تابعة للوجود وكان وجوده تعالى لذاته وعين ذاته كان تعينه لذاته فلا يمكن المجازاة في هذا الوجه فلا يتعين بتعيننا

That is, the entification (taʿayyun) of the Real is not through our causing it, because, since entification follows upon existence, and His existence - exalted be He - is through His own Essence and identical with His Essence, His entification is likewise through His own Essence. Hence reciprocity cannot occur in this respect, and He does not become entified through our entification.

al-Qāshānī

﴿ولكن في مظهره %~% فنحن له كمثل أنا﴾

أي في الإنسان الكامل مظهره فنحن له كالإناء لما فيه ، ولفظة في للتجريد. يعنى أنا مظهره . كقوله تعالى: " لَقَدْ كانَ لَكُمْ في رَسُولِ الله أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ "

"I"] — that is, in the perfect human [who is] His locus of manifestation (maẓhar); so we are to Him like the vessel to what is in it, and the particle "fī" (in) is for abstraction/emphasis (tajrīd), meaning: I am His locus of manifestation — as in His saying, exalted is He: "Indeed, in the Messenger of God you have a good example."

al-Jandī

﴿ولكن في مظهره %~% فنحن له كمثل إنا﴾

يعني رضي الله عنه : ظهور إنائيّة الحق حقيقة في ، لأنّي إناء تعيّنه الجامع الأفضل ، وشخص إنّيّته الشامل الأكمل ، فالإنسان الكامل للحق كالإناء ، فإنّه ظاهر فيه ، ومتعيّن به كتعيّن ما في الإناء بالإناء ، فإنّيّته لهوية الحق إناء ، فافهم . وقد قلنا في هذا المقام ، شعر : يقولون لون الماء لون إنائه %~% أنا الآن من ماء إناء بلا لون

He — may God be pleased with him — means: the true manifestation of the Real's I-ness occurs in me, for I am the vessel (ināʾ) of His most excellent, all-comprehensive determination (taʿayyun), and the individual embodiment of His most complete, all-comprehensive I-ness (inniyya). So the Perfect Human is to the Real like a vessel, for He is manifest within him and determined through him, just as whatever is in a vessel is determined by the vessel. Thus his I-ness (inniyya) is a vessel for the Real's Identity (huwiyya). Understand this. We have said regarding this station, in verse: 'They say: the color of water is the color of its vessel — I am now, of water, a vessel without color.'

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ولكن في مظهره %~% فنحن له كمثل إنا﴾

(مظهره) مصدر ميمي. أي، لكن في ظهوره. ويجوز أن يكون اسم المكان، وحينئذ يكون (في) تجريديا. أي، لكن نحن مظهره، وكان فينا شئ منتزع منا هو مظهره، كما قال الله تعالى: "لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة". (ولكن) استدراك من قوله

('maẕharihi') is a verbal noun (maṣdar mīmī) — that is, 'in His manifesting.' It is also possible that it is a noun of place, in which case ('in') would be used abstractly [non-locatively] — that is, 'but We are His manifestation,' and there was within us something extracted from us which is His manifestation, as God, exalted is He, said: 'Indeed you have in the Messenger of God a beautiful example.' (but) is a retraction (istidrāk) from his saying

Ibn Turka

﴿ولكن في مظهره %~% فنحن له كمثل إنا … والله يقول الحقّ وهو يهدي السبيل﴾

%~%

Ibn Turka · line 4330English translation pending

Bālī Zāde

﴿ولكن في﴾

بتشديد الياء (مظهره) . وفي قوله ني دون قوله أنا إشارة إلى أن المظهر للحق في الحقيقة ليس الهيكل المحسوس الصوري بل المظهر هو مدير هذا الهيكل وملكوته

- with doubling of the yā' - "His locus of manifestation (maẕharihi)." In His saying "fī" (in) rather than "anā" (I) there is an indication that the locus of manifestation of the Real, in reality, is not the sensible, formal structure, but rather the locus of manifestation is the governor of this structure and its dominion (malakūt).

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فنحن له كمثل إنا﴾

بكسر الهمزة. أي، مثل الظرف وهو مثل المظروف. وجميع هذه المعاني من مقام الكثرة التفصيلية الراجعة في الحقيقة إلى العين الواحدة، وأما في الوحدة فلا ظاهر ولا مظهر، ولا ظرف ولا مظروف، بل كلها شئ واحد لا تعدد فيه أصلا، فلا ينبغي أن يتوهم أنه قائل بالحلول. لما كان جميع الأسماء مستهلكة تحت الاسم الإلهي ومجتمعة فيه ومنقهرة كثرتها تحت وحدته وهو المتكلم بلسانه وهو الهادي والدليل إلى الوحدة الحقيقية التي مرتبة الأحدية المطلقة. قال

with the hamza vocalized as kasra. That is, like the container is to the contained. All these meanings belong to the station of detailed multiplicity, which in reality reverts to the single entity. As for in the Unity, there is neither manifest nor locus of manifestation, neither container nor contained; rather all of it is one single thing in which there is no multiplicity whatsoever. So it should not be imagined that he holds the doctrine of incarnation (ḥulūl). Since all the Names are absorbed beneath the Divine Name, gathered within it, and their multiplicity is subdued beneath its unity — and it is He who speaks through its tongue, and He is the Guide and the proof toward the true Unity which is the station of absolute Oneness (al-aḥadiyya al-muṭlaqa) — he said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿فنحن له كمثل أنا﴾

أي كالظروف وقد أشار إلى عدم الحلول وكمال الامتياز عنا بقوله: ولكن في مظهره فنحن له كمثل أنا

- that is, like receptacles. He has indicated thereby the absence of indwelling (ḥulūl) and the perfection of distinction from us, by His saying: "But in His locus of manifestation, so we are to Him like a vessel."

al-Qāshānī

﴿والله يقول الحق وهو يهدى السبيل﴾

al-Qāshānī · line 3290English translation pending

al-Jandī

﴿وَالله يَقُولُ الْحَقَّ وَهُوَ يَهْدِي السَّبِيلَ﴾

al-Jandī · line 8377English translation pending

al-Qayṣarī

﴿والله يقول الحق وهو يهدى السبيل.﴾

al-Qayṣarī · line 7906English translation pending

Jāmī

﴿والله يقول الحق﴾

بلسان غيره في سائر الحقائق فلا إنكار عليه إذا تكلم بمثل هذا المقال. "" قديما قالوا حديث: "ألسنة الخلق أقلام الحق" و حديث :"قال ذُكر الدجال عند عبد الله بن مسعود فقال لا تكثروا ذكره فإن الأمر إذا قضى في السماء كان أسرع من نزوله إلى الأرض أن يطير على ألسنة الناس ".رواه الطبراني في الكبير "" (وهو يهذي السبيل) الموصل إلى فهمها وقبولها لمن يشاء من الخلائق فلا اختيار لمن ألحد طريق الهداية والضلال."ألحد : أنكر وتعامى عن". نهاية الفص الإبراهيمي . %~%

speaks the truth through the tongue of another in all the realities (ḥaqāʾiq), so there is no objection to Him when He speaks in such a manner. It was said of old — a ḥadīth: 'The tongues of creation are the pens of the Real,' and a ḥadīth: 'It is reported that al-Dajjāl was mentioned in the presence of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd, and he said: Do not speak much of him, for when a matter is decreed in heaven, it is swifter in flying upon the tongues of the people than it is in descending to the earth' — related by al-Ṭabarānī in al-Kabīr. (And He guides) to the path leading to its understanding and acceptance for whomever He wills among created beings, so there is no choice left for one who has deviated (alḥada) from the path of guidance, [choosing instead] error. [Alḥada means: denied and feigned blindness toward.] End of the Faṣṣ of Abraham.

Bālī Zāde

﴿"والله يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل"﴾

Bālī Zāde · line 3305English translation pending
Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.