Mashrabaمشربة

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فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ حَقِّيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِسْحَاقِيَّةٍ

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12 · 83 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ ثَبَتَ أَنَّ القَلْبَ وَسِعَ الحَقَّ وَمَعَ ذَلِكَ مَا اتَّصَفَ بِالرِّيِّ فَلَوِ امْتَلَأَ ارْتَوَى وَقَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو يَزِيدَ وَلَقَدْ نَبَّهْنَا عَلَى هَذَا المَقَامِ بِقَوْلِنَا يَا خَالِقَ الأَشْيَاءِ فِي نَفْسِهِ أَنْتَ لِمَا تَخْلُقُهُ جَامِعُ تَخْلُقُ مَا لَا يَنْتَهِي كَوْنُهُ فِيكَ فَأَنْتَ الضَّيِّقُ الوَاسِعُ لَوْ أَنَّ مَا قَدْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ مَا لَاحَ بِقَلْبِي فَجْرُهُ السَّاطِعُ مِنْ وَسِعَ الحَقَّ فَمَا ضَاقَ عَنْ خَلْقٍ فَكَيْفَ الأَمْرُ يَا سَامِعُ بِالوَهْمِ يَخْلُقُ كُلُّ إِنْسَانٍ فِي قُوَّةِ خَيَالِهِ مَا لَا وُجُودَ لَهُ إِلَّا فِيهَا وَهَذَا هُوَ الأَمْرُ العَامُّ

For it has been established that the heart encompasses the Real, and yet it is not characterized by being quenched; for were it full, it would be quenched. Abū Yazīd said this. We have drawn attention to this station in our words: O Creator of things within Himself, You gather together what You create. You create that whose engendered being never ends within You; so You are the narrow, the vast. Were all that God has created [within my heart], its radiant dawn would not glimmer in my heart. Whoever encompasses the Real is not too narrow for any creation; so how is the matter, O listener? By estimation (wahm), every human being creates, in the faculty of his imagination, that which has no existence except within it; and this is the general case.

On the whole passage · 3 of 5

al-Qāshānī

﴿بالوهم يخلق كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا فيها وهذا هو الأمر العام ، والعارف يخلق بالهمة ما يكون له وجود من خارج في محل الهمة ، ولكن لا تزال الهمة تحفظه ولا يئوده حفظه أي حفظ ما خلقه ، فمتى طرأ على العارف غفلة عن حفظ ما خلق عدم ذلك المخلوق ، إلا أن يكون العارف قد ضبط جميع الحضرات ، وهو لا يغفل مطلقا بل لا بد من حضرة يشهدها﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

خلق العارف إنما هو باستجماع وهمه وهمته وفكره وجميع قواه ، وفي الجملة بتسليط نفسه على إيجاد أمر في الخارج ، فإن الهمة ممن كان موصوفا بصفات الله خلاقة ولكن لما كان موجبه جمع همة وجب أن تكون الهمة متوجهة نحوه حافظة إياه ، فإن غفلت عنه بتوزع همة أو نوم أو تعلق خاطر بشيء آخر ، زال الموجب فينعدم ذلك الأمر . بخلاف خلق الله تعالى فإنه يشهد كل شيء ولا يعزب عنه شيء أصلا ، ولا بد في خلقه أيضا من توجهات أسمائه نحو المخلوق ، إلا أنه لا يشغله شأن عن شأن ، بخلاف العارف إلا أن يكون العارف قد توغل بتجرده في الحضرات ، فيغفل عن مخلوقه من وجه ويشهده من وجه . كمن ضبط الصورة المخلوقة في الحس والخيال والمثال والحضرة الأسمائية الإلهية فيغفل عن الحس والخيال ويحفظه في المثال أو في أعلى منه ، ولا بد من شهوده إياه في حضرة ما. . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

The knower's creating is only by the gathering-together of his imagination (wahm), his aspiration (himma), his thought, and all his faculties, and, in sum, by exerting his self's mastery (tasalluṭ) toward bringing a thing into existence externally. For aspiration belongs to one who is described with the creative attributes of God; but since its efficient cause is the gathering of aspiration, it is necessary that the aspiration be turned toward it, preserving it. So if he becomes heedless of it — through the dispersal of aspiration, or sleep, or the attachment of a thought to something else — the efficient cause ceases, and that thing is annihilated. This is unlike God Most High's creating, for He witnesses everything and nothing whatsoever escapes Him; and in His creating, too, there must be the directednesses (tawajjuhāt) of His Names toward the created thing, except that no concern of His occupies Him away from another concern — unlike the knower, unless the knower has become deeply immersed, through his detachment (tajarrud), in the Presences, in which case he is heedless of his creature from one respect while witnessing it from another. Like one who has mastered the created form in sense-perception (ḥiss), imagination (khayāl), the imaginal realm (mithāl), and the Divine Presence of the Names: he becomes heedless of sense-perception and imagination but preserves it in the imaginal realm or in what is higher than it, there necessarily being his witnessing of it in some Presence. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿تخلق ما لا ينتهي كونه فيه %~% بك فأنت الضيق الواسع لو أن ما قد خلق الله ما لاح %~% بقلبي فجره الساطع من وسع الحق فما ضاق عن %~% خلق فكيف الأمر يا سامع؟ بالوهم يخلق كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا فيها، وهذا هو الأمر العام. والعارف يخلق بالهمة ما يكون له وجود من خارج محل الهمة و لكن لا تزال الهمة تحفظه. ولا يئودها حفظه، أي حفظ ما خلقته. فمتى طرأ على العارف غفلة عن حفظ ما خلق عدم ذلك المخلوق، إلا أن يكون العارف﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

(تخلق) علم وعينة

(You create) knowledge and an entity

Bālī Zāde

﴿بالوهم يخلق كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا فيها، وهذا هو الأمر العام. والعارف يخلق بالهمة ما يكون له وجود من خارج محل الهمة و لكن لا تزال الهمة تحفظه. ولا يئودها حفظه، أي حفظ ما خلقته. فمتى طرأ على العارف غفلة عن حفظ ما خلق عدم ذلك المخلوق، إلا أن يكون العارف قد ضبط جميع الحضرات وهو لا يغفل مطلقا، بل لا بد من حضرة يشهدها.﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه : (بالوهم) لا بغير ذلك من القوى (يخلق) أي يخترع

The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: (by means of imagination) not by any other of the faculties (he creates) that is, he invents

﴿بالوهم يخلق كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا فيها وهذا هو الأمر العام ، والعارف يخلق بالهمة ما يكون له وجود من خارج في محل الهمة ، ولكن لا تزال الهمة تحفظه ولا يئوده حفظه أي حفظ ما خلقه ، فمتى طرأ على العارف غفلة عن حفظ ما خلق عدم ذلك المخلوق ، إلا أن يكون العارف قد ضبط جميع الحضرات ، وهو لا يغفل مطلقا بل لا بد من حضرة يشهدها﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أجبنا ( بالوهم ) لا بغيره من القوى ( يخلق ) يخترع ( كل إنسان ) وهذا هو الأمر العام يعنى أن غير العارف يوجد شيئا ولا يكون ذلك الشيء موجودا في خارج قوة خيالية ( والعارف يخلق ) والخلق هنا قصد الإظهار من الغيب إلى الحضور ، ومعطى الوجود على حسب قصدهم هو الله لا غير . قوله ( عدم ذلك المخلوق ) لانعدام الإمداد بالغفلة لزوال الهمة بالغفلة فزال المعلوم خارج عنك

We answered: (by estimation) and not by any other faculty (he creates) i.e. invents (every human) — and this is the general rule, meaning that the non-knower brings a thing into being, yet that thing has no existence outside the imaginal faculty. (And the knower creates) — creation here means bringing forth from the Unseen into presence, and the Bestower of existence, according to their intention, is God alone and none other. His saying (that created thing ceases to exist) is because the [divine] supply ceases through heedlessness, since the aspiration (himma) lapses through heedlessness, and so the known object external to you vanishes.

Bālī Zāde's gloss, printed inside al-Qāshānī's commentary in the ibnalarabi.com text (line 3771); moved here

al-Qāshānī

﴿فإنه قد ثبت أن القلب وسع الحق ومع ذلك ما اتصف بالري ، فلو امتلأ ارتوى ، وقد قال ذلك أبو يزيد﴾

إشارة إلى قول أبى يزيد : بل الرجل من يتحسى بحار السماوات والأرض ولسانه خارج يلهث عطشا . قول أبو اليزيد : شربت الحب كأسا بعد كأس %~% فما نفد الشراب وما رويت والمراد أن تجليات الحق في الظاهر والباطن لا يرتوى بها العارف ، لأنه لا يحس بها من حيث التعين ، بل يشاهد الجمال المطلق الغير المتناهي تجلياته . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

; for were it to be filled, it would be quenched. And Abū Yazīd said this] This is an allusion to the saying of Abū Yazīd: "Rather, the true man is one who sips the seas of the heavens and the earth while his tongue hangs out, panting with thirst." The saying of Abū Yazīd: "I drank love, cup after cup, %~% yet the drink was not exhausted, nor was I quenched." The meaning is that the self-disclosures of the Real, outward and inward, do not quench the gnostic (al-ʿārif), because he does not perceive them in terms of determination (taʿayyun); rather he witnesses the absolute, infinite Beauty of which these are the self-disclosures (tajalliyāt). The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإنه قد ثبت أن القلب وسع الحق، ومع ذلك ما اتصف بالري، فلو امتلأ ارتوى﴾

دليل على ما قال: (وإنما لا يرتوي) . لأن الحق لا يتجلى دفعةبجميع أسمائه وصفاته للقلب الكامل، بل يتجلى له في كل آن باسم من الأسماء وصفة من الصفات، وكل من ذلك يعد القلب إلى تجل آخر، فيطلبه القلب باستعداده. وذلك من الحق فلا يرتوي أبدا. وقوله

is a proof for what he said: 'and indeed it is never quenched.' For the Real does not disclose Himself all at once with all His names and attributes to the perfect heart; rather, He discloses Himself to it at every instant with one of the names and one of the attributes, and each of these prepares the heart for another self-disclosure, so the heart seeks it through its preparedness (istiʿdād). And that [continues] from the Real, so it is never quenched. And his saying

Ibn Turka

﴿فإنّه قد ثبت أنّ القلب وسع الحقّ﴾

- بما روي : « ما وسعني أرضي ولا سمائي ، ووسعني قلب عبدي المؤمن »

- by what is related: "Neither My earth nor My heaven contains Me, but the heart of My believing servant contains Me"

Jāmī

﴿فإنه قد ثبت﴾

بما قال تعالى : "لا يسعني أرضي ولا سمائي ووسعني قلب عبدي المؤمن"

by what He, exalted, said: "My earth and My heaven do not encompass Me, but the heart of My believing servant encompasses Me"

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإنه قد ثبت أن القلب وسع الحق ومع ذلك﴾

الوسع (ما انصف) أي لا ينصف القلب (بالري) ، وإنما لم ينصف بالري لأنه لو اتصف بالري لأمتل

capaciousness (it is not characterized) that is, the heart is not characterized (by being satiated), and it is not characterized by satiation because if it were characterized by satiation it would be filled

Words 4–7 · 1 of 5

أَنَّ القَلْبَ وَسِعَ الحَقَّ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿أن القلب وسع الحق﴾

وذلك الاستعداده وتجلياته الذاتية والأسمائية الغير المتناهية واحدا بعد واحد (ومع ذلك لا بتصف بالري) . أي لا يقنع بما يحصل له

, and that is due to its preparedness and the infinite essential and nominal self-disclosures, one after another, (yet it is not characterized by quenching), that is, it is not satisfied with what it attains

Words 8–12 · 1 of 5

وَمَعَ ذَلِكَ مَا اتَّصَفَ بِالرِّيِّ

Only Ibn Turka comments here.

Ibn Turka

﴿ومع ذلك ما اتّصف بالريّ﴾

فإنه لو ارتوى قنع به وانقطع عنده الطلب والسعي فعلم أنّه ليس مما يملؤه

for if it were satiated, it would be content with that, and seeking and striving would cease at it; thus it is known that it is not of that which fills it

Ibn Turka

﴿فلو امتلأ ارتوى﴾

ثمّ إنّه لما كان قوله : « وهذا وسع أبي يزيد في عالم الأجسام » يوهم تعريضا بقصوره ، وغرضه تحقيق ظهور السعة الإلهيّة في كلّ زمان لصاحبه من الأولياء جسمانيّة وإطلاقيّة - فأمّا السعة الجسمانيّة لأبي يزيد فهو الذي نبّه إليه أوّلا ، وأمّا الإطلاقيّة الحقّة فهو الذي سينبّه عليه - أشار إليه دفعا لذلك الوهم بقوله

Then, since his statement "and this is the capaciousness of Abū Yazīd in the corporeal world" might suggest an insinuation of his deficiency, whereas his purpose is to establish the manifestation of the divine capaciousness at every time for its possessor among the saints - both corporeal and absolute - as for the corporeal capaciousness of Abū Yazīd, this is what he first drew attention to, and as for the true absolute capaciousness, this is what he is about to draw attention to - he alluded to it, repelling that suspicion, by his saying

Jāmī

﴿فلو امتلأ﴾

أي القلب بالحق لانتهاء استعداداته وامتلائها بما يرد عليه من صور التجليات (ارتوی) و قنع بما يرد عليه ولكنه لا يمتلىء ولا يرتوي لأن كل تجلي يرد عليه يورث له استعدادا وتعطشة إلى تجل آخر. وهكذا إلى غير النهاية فأين هو من الامتلاء والارتواء وإذا لم يمثل ولم يرتو فكل ما فرض متناهية لم يكن له قدر محسوس بالنسبة إلى استعداداتها الغير المتنامية

, that is, the heart, with the Real, due to the completion of its preparednesses and their being filled with what comes to it of the forms of self-disclosures, (it would be sated) and content with what comes to it — but it is never filled nor sated, because every self-disclosure that comes to it generates for it a preparedness and a thirst for another self-disclosure, and so on without end. So how far is it from being filled and sated! And since it is never filled nor sated, then whatever finite thing is supposed has no perceptible measure relative to its infinite preparednesses

Bālī Zāde

﴿ولو امتلأ ارتوى وقد قال ذلك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي عدم الارتداد . ( ابو یزید) في كلام آخر وهو قوله: شربت الحب كأسا بعد كأس ..... فما نفد الشراب ولا رويت قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه : ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام بقولنا

that is, the absence of being satisfied, (by Abū Yazīd) in another statement of his, namely his saying: "I drank love, cup after cup, yet the drink did not run out, nor was I quenched." The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: We have indeed drawn attention to this station in our saying

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وقد قال ذلك أبو يزيد﴾

إشارة إلى ما كتب يحيى بن معاذ الرازي إلىأبى يزيد: (إني سكرت من كثرة ما شربت من محبته). فأجاب أبو يزيد: عجبت لمن يقول ذكرت ربى وهل أنسى، فاذكر ما نسيت شربت الحب كأسا بعد كأس فما نفد الشراب وما رويت أو إشارة إلى ما مر من قوله

This is an allusion to what Yaḥyā ibn Muʿādh al-Rāzī wrote to Abū Yazīd: 'Indeed I have become intoxicated from the abundance of what I have drunk of His love.' Abū Yazīd replied: 'I am amazed at one who says "I remembered my Lord"—and would I forget? So remember what you have forgotten! I drank love cup after cup, yet the drink was not exhausted nor was I quenched.' Or it is an allusion to what preceded in his saying

Ibn Turka

﴿وقد قال ذلك أبو يزيد﴾

في نظمه: ( شربت الحبّ كأسا بعد كأس %~% فما نفد الشراب ولا رويت ) وفي قوله : « كأسا بعد كأس » يشير إلى تينك السعتين . "" كم أورد القشيري البيت عن الشبلي : عجبت لمن يقول نسيت إلفي %~% وهل أنسى فأذكر من هويت أموت إذا ذكرتك ثم أحي %~% ولولا ما أؤمل ما حييت فأحيا بالمنى وأموت شوق %~% فكم أحيا عليك وكم أموت جعلت الصمت ستر الحب حتى %~% تكلمت الجفون بما لقيت شربت الحب كأسا بعد كأس %~% فما نفد الشراب وما رويت "" فلئن قيل: «لا يدفع بهذا الكلام ما يتوهّم من التشنيع ،لأنّه يدلّ على ضيق أمره في عالم الجسم". قلنا : السعة الإطلاقيّة هو المعوّل عليها في المعرفة ، وأمّا الجسمانيّة منها فإنّما تتعلَّق بظهور الولاية ، وذلك بحسب احتمال الزمان ، وزمان أبي يزيد ما احتمل وراء ذلك . ثمّ إنّ تحقيق أمر السعة مطلقا إنّما يتمّ ببيان كمال الجمعيّة والإحاطة بما يقابلها يعني الضيق ولذلك قال

in his verse: "I drank love cup after cup, yet the drink was not exhausted, nor was I satiated." In his saying "cup after cup" he alludes to those two capaciousnesses. Al-Qushayrī cited this verse from al-Shiblī as well: "I wonder at one who says I forgot my beloved - could I forget, that I might remember one I loved? / I die when I remember You, then I live - were it not for what I hope, I would not live / I live by hope and die of longing - how often do I live for You and how often do I die / I made silence the veil of love until the eyelids spoke of what they encountered / I drank love cup after cup, yet the drink was not exhausted nor was I satiated." Now if it be said: "This statement does not repel what might be imagined as a disparagement, for it indicates the narrowness of his state in the corporeal world," we say: the absolute capaciousness is that which is relied upon in gnosis, while the corporeal one pertains only to the manifestation of sainthood, and that is according to what the time can bear - and the time of Abū Yazīd could not bear more than that. Then the verification of the matter of capaciousness absolutely is only completed by explaining the perfection of all-comprehensiveness and the encompassing of what is opposite to it, namely narrowness - and that is why he said

Jāmī

﴿وقد قال ذلك﴾

أي ما ذكر من عدم انصاف القلب بالري

, that is, what was mentioned of the heart not being characterized by quenching

Words 19–20 · 1 of 5

أَبُو يَزِيدَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿أبو يزيد﴾

في قوله : الرجل من بتحسي بحار السموات والأرض ولسانه خارج يلهث عطشا وقوله : شربت الحب كأسا بعد كأس ..... فما نفد الشراب وما رويت

, in his saying: The man drinks the seas of the heavens and the earth, yet his tongue hangs out panting with thirst; and his saying: I drank love, cup after cup, yet the drink was not exhausted nor was I quenched

al-Qāshānī

﴿ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام بقولنا : يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه %~% أنت لما تخلقه جامع تخلق ما لا ينتهى كونه %~% فيك فأنت الضيق الواسع﴾

لما كان كل ما وجد وجد بوجوده كان الكل فيه ، وهو الجامع لما يتناهى من خلقه في ذاته ، فلا وجود لغيره وهو بأحديته موجود في كل واحد جامع للكل ، فهو الضيق في كل واحد الواسع لكل ما وجد وما يوجد إلى ما لا يتناهى بأحديته الجامع لجميع الجميع . ( لو أن ما قد خلق الله م %~% لاح بقلبي فجره الساطع

the vast (al-ḍayyiq al-wāsiʿ)] Since everything that came to exist came to exist through His existence, the All (al-kull) is within Him, and He is the Gatherer, within His Essence, of all that is finite among His creation. So there is no existence for other than Him; and through His Oneness (aḥadiyya) He is existent within every single thing, gathering the All. He is thus the narrow within every single thing, [yet] the vast for all that has come to exist and will come to exist, without end, through His Oneness which gathers all of the all. (If what God has created ... / its radiant dawn had appeared within my heart —

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام بقولنا: يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه﴾

أي، في علمه الذي هو عين ذاته في مقام أحديته، ثم في ظاهرية وجوده المسماة بالوجود العيني

That is, within His knowledge, which is identical with His Essence in the station of His Oneness (aḥadiyya), then within the manifest aspect of His existence called 'entified existence' (al-wujūd al-ʿaynī).

Ibn Turka

﴿ولقد نبّهنا على هذا المقام﴾

أيضا كذلك نظم ( بقولنا )

likewise, in our verse (saying)

Jāmī

﴿ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام بقولنا : يا خالق الأشياء﴾

يعني مقدر أعيانها الثابتة في العلم ومفيض الوجود على تلك الأعيان في العين

, meaning the One who determines their fixed entities in knowledge and effuses existence upon those entities in the concrete

Bālī Zāde

﴿ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام بقولنا : يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه %~% أنت لما تخلقه جامع تخلق ما لا ينتهى كونه %~% فيك فأنت الضيق الواسع﴾

( يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه ) أي في ذاته تعالى ، لأن مجموع العالم أعراض عندهم قائم بذاته لا كقيام العرض بالجوهر بل كقيام الظل بصاحبه ، فلا يخلو شيء عن الحق بل موجود به وفيه ومعنى وجود الأشياء فيه عبارة عن إحاطته الأشياء بقدرته ( أنت لما تخلقه جامع ) بوجودك المحيط بكل شيء ( تخلق ما لا ينتهى ) أي لا يتناهى ( كونه ) أي وجوده ( فيك ) ظرف الخلق أو الكون ( فأنت الضيق ) لأنه لا يسع معك غيرك شيء في قلب العارف ( الواسع ) لأنك تسع الأمور الغير المتناهية التي خلقت فيك

; You create what has no end to its coming-into-being within You, so You are the narrow [that is] the vast] (O Creator of things within Himself), that is, within His own Essence, exalted is He; for the totality of the cosmos, according to them, consists of accidents (aʿrāḍ) subsisting through His Essence - not as an accident subsists through a substance, but as a shadow subsists through the one who casts it. So nothing is devoid of the Real; rather it exists through Him and within Him. And the meaning of the existence of things within Him is an expression for His encompassing things through His power. (You, when You create them, encompass [them]) through Your existence which encompasses everything, (You create what has no end), i.e., no limit, (to its coming-into-being), i.e., its existence, (within You) - 'within You' being the locative of creation or of coming-into-being - (so You are the narrow), because nothing other than You can find room alongside You in the gnostic's heart, (the vast), because You encompass the infinite matters that are created within You.

Bālī Zāde's gloss, printed inside al-Qāshānī's commentary in the ibnalarabi.com text (line 3728); moved here

﴿ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام بقولنا : يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه %~% أنت لما تخلقه جامع تخلق ما لا ينتهى كونه %~% فيك فأنت الضيق الواسع﴾

( لو أن ما قد خلق الله في قلبي ) حذف لدلالة قوله ( ما لاح بقلبي ) أي ما ظهر بقلبي فحينئذ يتعلق بقلبي إلى ما لاح ( فجره ) الضمير يرجع إلى ما : أي نوره ( الساطع ) أي المرتفع ، فلو كانت الشمس في قلبي مع نورها الواضح الذي لا يخفى لأحد ما لاح بقلبي نورها فإن الحق يضيق قلبي بدخول الغير معه لاختفاء نور الحق عند ظهور نور الحق ( من وسع الحق فما ضاق عن خلق ) استفهام على سبيل التعجب ( فكيف الأمر ) أي من وسع الحق الواسع جميع الأمور الغير المتناهية ، أيضيق عن الحق الذي في الحق أم لا ؟ كيف الأمر في ذلك ؟

; You create what has no end to its coming-into-being within You, so You are the narrow [that is] the vast] (Had what God created in my heart) - omitted, with the indication given by his saying (what appeared in my heart), meaning what manifested in my heart; thus [the sense] is connected to 'my heart' up to 'what appeared,' (so its) - the pronoun referring to 'what,' i.e., its light - (radiant [light appeared])... that is, risen/ascendant. For if the sun, with its clear light that is hidden from no one, were in my heart, its light would not have appeared in my heart, for the Real constricts my heart against the entry of anything else alongside Him, since the light of [any]other disappears when the light of the Real appears. (He who has made room for the Real - has he not room for a creature? So how is the matter?) - a question posed in wonderment: that is, He who has made room, the Vast Real, for all the infinite matters - does He then lack room for that which is within the Real, or not? How then stands the matter in that regard?

Bālī Zāde's gloss, printed inside al-Qāshānī's commentary in the ibnalarabi.com text (line 3740); moved here

﴿ولقد نبهنا على هذا المقام﴾

أي على وسع القلب (بقولنا شعر : با خالق الأشياء) أي موجد الممکنات

that is, to the capaciousness of the heart, (by our saying, in verse: O Creator of things) that is, the Bringer-into-existence of the possible things

Ibn Turka

﴿يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه﴾

لما سبق بيانه أنّ القوابل من فيضه الأقدس

as explained previously, that the receptacles are from His Most Holy Effusion

Bālī Zāde

﴿يا خالق الأشياء في نفسه %~% أنت لما تخلقه جامع تخلق ما لا ينتهي كونه فيه %~% بك فأنت الضيق الواسع لو أن ما قد خلق الله ما لاح %~% بقلبي فجره الساطع من وسع الحق فما ضاق عن %~% خلق فكيف الأمر يا سامع؟﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿في نفسه … أنت لما تخلقه جامع﴾

أما بحسب مرتبة الجمع فلكون الأعيان الثابتة والخارجية مندرجة مندمجة فيه بالقوة وأما بحسب مرتبة الفرق فلانه سرى في الكل وبهذه السراية يجمعها. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

: whether with respect to the station of all-comprehensiveness (jamʿ), because the fixed and external entities are subsumed and enfolded within Him potentially; or with respect to the station of differentiation (farq), because He pervades the whole, and by this pervasion He comprehends them. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Bālī Zāde

﴿في نفسه﴾

أي ذاته تعالى لأن مجموع العالم إعراض عندهم قائم بذاته تعالى لا كقيام العرض بالجوهر بل كقيام الظل بصاحبه. فلا يخلو شيء عن الحق بل هو موجود فيه ومعنى وجود الأشياء فيه عبارة عن إحاطة الأشياء بتعلق قدرته . وبعضهم فسره بقوله أي في علمه وهو لا يناسب بقوله: يا خالق فإنه لا يقال : إن الله خالق الصور العلمية له بل هو موجب لها ولا يناسب أيضا مراد الشيخ إذ مراده بیان وسعة الحق في الموجودات الخارجية كلها لا بیان سعة علمه . إذ وسعة علمه ظاهرا بحيث لا يخفى على أحد يدل عليه قوله

that is, His Essence, Most High, because the totality of the cosmos consists, for them, of accidents subsisting in His Essence, Most High — not as an accident subsists in a substance, but rather as a shadow subsists in relation to its possessor. So nothing is devoid of the Real; rather it exists within Him, and the meaning of the existence of things within Him is an expression for the encompassing of things by the attachment of His power. Some have interpreted it as meaning "within His knowledge," but this does not fit with his saying "O Creator," for it is not said that God is the Creator of the knowledge-forms (al-ṣuwar al-ʿilmiyya) pertaining to Him; rather He is their necessitating cause. Nor does it fit the Shaykh's intent, since his intent is to explain the capaciousness of the Real within all external existents, not to explain the capaciousness of His knowledge — for the capaciousness of His knowledge is manifestly such that it is hidden from no one, as indicated by his saying

al-Qayṣarī

﴿أنت لما تخلقه جامع﴾

لأن كله في علمك وفي عينك كالأمواج على البحر الزخار. (تخلق مالا ينتهى كونه) أي، وجوده. (فيك) أي، في علمك وعينك

For all of it is within Your knowledge and within Your entity, like waves upon the surging sea. '[You] create what has no end to its being'—that is, its existence. 'Within You'—that is, within Your knowledge and Your entity.

Ibn Turka

﴿أنت لما تخلقه جامع … تخلق ما لا ينتهي كونه فيه بك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لأنّه قد خلق الكلّ فيه

because He has created the All within Himself

Bālī Zāde

﴿أنت لما تخلقه جامع﴾

لوجودك المحيط بكل شيء

by virtue of Your existence, which encompasses everything

Jāmī

﴿ما لا ينتهي كونه﴾

أي وجوده إلى حد لم يبق شيء (فيك) متعلق بتخلق، أي في ذاتك

, that is, its existence, to the point that nothing remains, (within You), connected to "You create," that is, within Your Essence

Bālī Zāde

﴿نخلق ما لا ينتهي﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي غير المتناهي (كونه) أي وجوده (فيك) ظرف للخلق أو لعدم الانتهاء أو للكون فإذا خلقت فيك الأشياء التي لا يتناهی وجودها

that is, the unlimited (to its being) that is, its existence (within You) as an adverbial qualifier for "create" or for "having no end" or for "being" — so when You create within Yourself the things whose existence has no limit

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فأنت الضيق﴾

لأنه لا يبقى لأحد وجود عند ظهور وجودك. ف (الضيق) بمعنى الضائق. أو (الضيق) باعتبار ظهورك في الموجودات المقيدة. (الواسع) الذي يسع الموجودات كلها بالعلم والذات المحيطة للكل. أو (الواسع) بظهوره في المظهر القلبي الذي يسع كل شئ لما تجلى له الحق باسمه (الواسع.)

For no existence remains for anyone when Your existence manifests. 'The Narrow' (al-ḍayyiq) here means 'the constrictor.' Or 'the Narrow' is in consideration of Your manifestation within the delimited existents. 'The All-Encompassing' (al-Wāsiʿ) is He who encompasses all existents by [His] knowledge and [His] Essence which embraces all. Or 'the All-Encompassing' is through His manifestation in the locus of manifestation of the heart, which encompasses everything, since the Real disclosed Himself to it by His name 'the All-Encompassing.'

Ibn Turka

﴿فأنت الضيّق﴾

باعتبار أحديته الذاتيّة التي لا مجال للثنويّة فيها أصل وهو الوحدة الحقيقيّة التي هي مبدأ الإحاطة ، فهو المحيط (الواسع) للكلّ

by virtue of His essential Oneness, in which there is no room at all for any duality - which is the true Unity that is the principle of all-encompassment; thus He is the All-Encompassing (the Vast) of the All

Jāmī

﴿فأنت الضيق﴾

فإن خلقك إياه عبارة عن ظهورك بصورته وتفيدك بحسه والتقيد ضيق بالنسبة إلى الإطلاق (الواسع) لعدم تقيد ظهورك بشيء دون شيء يسع جميع المقيدات، وأنت الضيق باعتبار أحديتك الذاتية التي لا مجال للتنويه فيها أصلا ، الواسع باعتبار تجليك الأحدي الجمعي في الكل

For your creating him is an expression of your manifestation in his form, and your conferring benefit through his sense-perception; and being delimited is narrowness relative to absolute release (the Vast), since your manifestation, not being delimited by one thing rather than another, encompasses all delimited things. You are the narrow in respect of your essential oneness (aḥadiyya) in which there is no room whatsoever for multiplicity, and the Vast in respect of your unitary, all-comprehensive self-disclosure (tajallī) in the totality.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فأنت الضيق﴾

لأنه لا يسع معك غيرك في قلب العارف (الواسع) لأنه يسع الأمور الغير المتناهية التي خلقت فيك

because nothing other than You can be contained along with You in the gnostic's heart (the Vast) because it contains the unlimited matters that were created within You

al-Qayṣarī

﴿لو أن ما قد خلق الله﴾

جميعا في قلبي

altogether were in my heart

Ibn Turka

﴿لو أنّ ما قد خلق الله … مالاح بقلبي فجره الساطع﴾

أي ما ظهر عليه ، بل تبطَّن فيه واتّحد به ، لأنّه إنّما يظهر عليه إذا ضاق عنه ، وهو قد وسع الحقّ ، و

that is, it would not appear upon it; rather it would be concealed within it and united with it, for it only appears upon something when that thing is too narrow to contain it, whereas the heart has contained the Real, and

Jāmī

﴿لو أن ما قد خلق الله ما %~% لاح بقلبي فجره الساطع﴾

فيه تقديم و تأخير. أي لو أن ما قد خلق الله بقلبي متلبس به متمكن فيه ما لاح فجره أو خبر أن مقدر بقرينة اللاحق. أي لو أن ما قد خلق الله بقلبي ما لاح بقلبي فجره، أي فجر ما خلق الله يعني نور وجوده الساطع عن مرتبة خفاء العدم

In it there is inversion (taqdīm wa taʾkhīr). That is: had what God created, being clothed with/established in my heart, not — its dawn would not have shone; or [understand] a predicate implied by what follows. That is: had what God created in my heart not appeared in my heart, its dawn — i.e., the dawn of what God created, meaning the radiant light of its existence shining forth from the rank of the concealment of nonexistence [would not have appeared].

Bālī Zāde

﴿لو أن ما﴾

زائدة للتأكيد

"mā" (that which) is a redundant particle for emphasis

Words 48–50 · 1 of 5

قَدْ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿قد خلق الله﴾

في قلبي حذف في قلبي لدلالة قوله

in my heart — "in my heart" is elided, its indication being supplied by his saying

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ما لاح بقلبي فجره الساطع﴾

أي، نوره المرتفع. ومعناه: لو أن ما خلق الله جميعا في قلبي، (ما لاح فجره الساطع.) أي، ما ظهر نوره عند نور قلبي وصفاء باطني. ف (ما) في قوله

That is, its elevated light. Its meaning is: if all that God created were in my heart, 'its radiant dawn would not have shone'—that is, its light would not appear beside the light of my heart and the purity of my inward being. So the 'mā' (ما) in his saying

﴿ما لاح﴾

للنفي. والأول بمعنى الذي. و (الباء) في: (بقلبي) بمعنى (في) . وضمير (فجره) عائد إلى (ما خلق الله.)

is for negation. The first [mā] is in the sense of 'that which.' And the 'bāʾ' in 'bi-qalbī' (within my heart) is in the sense of 'fī' (in). And the pronoun in 'fajruhu' (its dawn) refers back to 'what God created.'

Bālī Zāde

﴿ما لاح بقلبي﴾

أي ما ظهر بقلبي فحينئذ يتعلق بقلبي إلى ما لاح لا إلى ما خلق (فجره) الضمير يرجع إلى ما أي نوره (الساطع) أي المرتفع فلو كان كأن الشمس في قلبي مع نورها الواضح الأعلى المرتفع الذي لا يخفى نورها لأحد ما لاح بقلبي نورها فإن الحق يضيق قلبي بدخول الغير معه لاختفاء نور الخلق عند ظهور نور الحق

that is, had not become manifest in my heart — then at that point it would be connected to "my heart" with respect to what appeared, not to what was created (its radiance) the pronoun refers back to "mā," i.e., its light (blazing) that is, rising high — so if it were as though the sun were in my heart, with its clear light, lofty and ascendant, whose light is hidden from no one, its light would not have appeared in my heart; for the Real constricts my heart by the entry of the other along with Him, since the light of creation vanishes when the light of the Real appears

al-Qāshānī

﴿من وسع الحق فما ضاق عن %~% خلق فكيف الأمر يا سامع﴾

في البيت الأول تقديم وتأخير ، أي لو أن ما خلق الله بقلبي ما لاح فجره ، أي ما ظهر نوره الساطع ، أي المرتفع الذي وسع المخلوقات كلها بفنائه مع الكل في الله ، والأولى أن يكون الضمير في فجره عائدا إلى ما خلق الله ، أي ما يفنى من وجوده أثر لقيامه من وسع الحق ، إشارة إلى قوله عليه الصلاة والسلام حكاية عن ربه « ما وسعني أرضى ولا سمائي ووسعني قلب عبدي المؤمن» : أي ما وسع الحق الذي وسعت رحمته كل شيء لم يضق عن شيء ، وكيف يضيق عن خلق ما وسعه الواسع المطلق ، أي الله تعالى قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

In the first verse there is a transposition (taqdīm wa-taʾkhīr), meaning: if what God created appeared in my heart, its blazing dawn-light would not have appeared — i.e., its rising light would not have appeared, the light that contained all created things by its annihilation together with the whole in God. It is more fitting that the pronoun in "its dawn-light" refer back to "what God created," meaning: what is annihilated of its existence leaves a trace by virtue of its arising from the One who contained the Real — alluding to his saying, peace and blessings be upon him, narrating from his Lord: "Neither My earth nor My heaven contained Me, but the heart of My believing servant contained Me" — that is, the Real, whose mercy contained everything, was not too narrow for anything. How could He be too narrow for creation, when the Absolute Vast — that is, God, exalted is He — contained it? The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qayṣarī

﴿من وسع الحق فما ضاق عن خل فكيف الأمر يا سامع؟﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، من وسع الحق مع أسمائه وكمالاته، فما يضيق عن الخلق، لأن الحق هو الذي يتعين ويظهر في المظاهر الخلقية بحسب تجليات أسمائه وصفاته، فالخلق عين الحق، فمن وسعه وسع الخلق كله

That is, whoever has encompassed the Real together with His names and perfections is not constricted regarding creation (khalq), because the Real is that which becomes determined (yataʿayyan) and manifests within the loci of creaturely manifestation according to the self-disclosures of His names and attributes. Thus creation is identical with the Real (ʿayn al-ḥaqq); so whoever has encompassed Him has encompassed all of creation.

Ibn Turka

﴿من وسع الحقّ فما ضاق عن %~% خلق، فكيف الأمر ياسامع﴾

فإنّه الجامع بين الحقّ والخلق ، فهو الكلّ . العارف يخلق بالهمّة ولذلك ترى الحقّ فيه قد يخلق الخلق ويحفظه ، فإنّه

For he is the one who combines the Real and creation, and so he is the All. The gnostic creates by spiritual resolve (himma), and that is why you see the Real within him sometimes creating creation and preserving it, for

Jāmī

﴿من وسع الحق﴾

الغير المتناهي

The non-finite.

Bālī Zāde

﴿من وسع الحق فما ضاق عن خلق﴾

استفهام على سبيل التعجب

this is a rhetorical question expressing amazement

Words 59–60 · 1 of 5

فَمَا ضَاقَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿فما ضاق عن %~% خلق … فكيف الأمر﴾

أي أمر سعة القلب (یا سامع) ثم ذكر رضي الله عنه مسألة غريبة يفهم منها سعة القلب و عدم ضيقه عن الخلق. فقال

i.e., the matter of the heart's vastness (O listener). Then he, may God be pleased with him, mentioned a strange matter from which the heart's vastness and its not being too narrow for creation is understood. He said:

Words 63–64 · 1 of 5

فَكَيْفَ الأَمْرُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فكيف الأمر﴾

إن من وسع الحق الواسع لجميع الأمور الغير المتناهية أيضيق عن الخلق الذي في الحق أم لا كيف الأمر في ذلك أحببن

— does the one whose capaciousness is vast enough for all unlimited matters become too narrow for the creation that is within the Real, or not? How is the matter in that regard? I would love

Words 65–66 · 1 of 5

يَا سَامِعُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿يا سامع﴾

الدعاء . ولما انجر كلامه إلى خلق شرع في بيان أحواله بقوله: قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه

[to know], [this being] an invocation. And since his speech had led on to the topic of creation, he began explaining its states by saying: The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qayṣarī

﴿بالوهم يخلق كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا فيها. وهذا هو الأمر العام لكل إنسان. والعارف يخلق بهمته ما يكون له وجود من خارج محل الهمة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لما كان كلامه رضي الله عنه في العالم المثالي وهو، كما مر في المقدمات، ينقسم إلى مطلق و مقيد. والمقيد هو الخيال الإنساني. وهو قد يتأثر من العقول السماوية والنفوس الناطقة المدركة للمعاني الكلية والجزئية، فتظهر فيه صورة مناسبة لتلك المعاني، وقد يتأثر من القوى الوهمية المدركة الجزئية فقط، فتظهر فيه صورة تناسبها. والثاني، قد يكون بسبب سوء مزاج الدماغ، وقد يكون بحسب توجه النفس بالقوة الوهمية إلى إيجاد صورة من الصور، كمن يتخيل صورة محبوبه الغائب عنه، تخيلا قويا، فيظهر صورته في خياله، فيشاهده. وهذا أمر عام يقدر على ذلك العارف بالحقائق وغيره من العوام. ذكر الشيخ رضي الله عنه : هنا هذا المعنى، ونبه أن العارف يخلق بهمته ، أي بتوجهه وقصده بقوته الروحانية، صورا خارجةعن الخيال موجودة في الأعيان الخارجية، كما هو مشهور من البدلاء بأنهم يحضرون به في آن واحد أماكن مختلفة، ويقضون حوائج عباد الله. فالمراد ب (العارف) هنا، الكامل المتصرف في الوجود، لا الذي يعرف الحقائق وصورها ولا تصرف له. وإنما قال

Since his speech—may God be pleased with him—concerned the imaginal world, which, as mentioned in the introductory sections, is divided into the absolute (muṭlaq) and the delimited (muqayyad). The delimited is the human imagination. It may be affected by the celestial intellects and the rational souls that perceive universal and particular meanings, so that a form appropriate to those meanings appears within it; or it may be affected by the estimative faculties (al-quwā al-wahmiyya) that perceive only particulars, so that a form corresponding to them appears within it. The second case may occur due to an imbalance in the brain's temperament, or it may occur according to the soul's directing of the estimative faculty toward bringing a form into being—as when one imagines, with strong imagination, the form of his beloved who is absent from him, so that her form appears in his imagination and he beholds her. This is a general matter of which both the gnostic of realities and others among the common people are capable. The Shaykh—may God be pleased with him—mentioned this meaning here, and drew attention to the fact that the gnostic creates, by his spiritual aspiration (himma)—that is, by his directing and intending with his spiritual power—forms outside of imagination, existing among the external entities (al-aʿyān al-khārijiyya), just as it is well known of the substitutes (al-abdāl) that they are present, by means of it, in different places at one and the same time, and fulfill the needs of God's servants. What is meant by 'the gnostic' here is the perfect one who has power of disposal (taṣarruf) in existence, not one who [merely] knows realities and their forms but has no power of disposal. He only said

Ibn Turka

﴿بالوهم يخلق كلّ إنسان في قوّة خياله ما لا وجود له إلَّا فيها ، وهذا هو الأمر العامّ﴾

الذي لأهل التفرقة ممن لم يكن لهم أن يستجمعوا قوى القلب وينفّذوا فيها أحكامه ، حتّى يظهر سلطانه . ( والعارف ) من أهل الجمعيّة القلبيّة التي قد تبدّلت تفرقة وهمه بجمعيّة الهمّة

which belongs to the people of separation among those who were not able to gather together the faculties of the heart and make its judgments operative within them, until its dominion appears. (The gnostic), on the other hand, belongs to the people of the heart's all-comprehensiveness, whose separation of imagination has been transformed into the all-comprehensiveness of resolve

Jāmī

﴿بالوهم بخلق كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا فيها وهذا هو الأمر العام﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي الشامل كل إنسان والعار في الكامل المتصرف في الوجود مع اشتراكه مع الكل في ذلك فله خصوص مرتبة في الخلق وهو أنه (بخلق بهمته) ، أي بتوجهه وتسليط نفسه بجميع قواه على فعل حين تحققه بالاسم الخالق

i.e., that which encompasses every human being; whereas what is particular to the perfect one who exercises disposal (taṣarruf) in existence — though he shares with all in that — is that he has a special rank in creation, namely that he creates by his spiritual resolve (himma), i.e., by his directedness and the exertion of himself with all his faculties upon an act, at the moment of his realization of the Creator Name (al-Khāliq).

Bālī Zāde

﴿كل إنسان في قوة خياله ما لا وجود له إلا نيها﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي إلا في قوة خيالية . (وهذا) أي الإيجاد في القوة الخيالية (هو الأمر العالم) يعني أن غير العارف يوجد شيئا ولا يكون ذلك الشيء موجودة في الخارج بل في قوة خيالية (والعارف يخلق بهمته) ونوجهه وقصده بقدرة الله وأمره

that is, except within the imaginal faculty. (and this) that is, this bringing-into-existence within the imaginal faculty (is the general matter) meaning that the non-gnostic brings a thing into existence, yet that thing does not exist externally but only within the imaginal faculty, (whereas the gnostic creates by his himma) and his directedness and intention, by the power and command of God

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.