Reproduction (al-Ḥikāya)
الْحِكَايَةُ
Verses 750–757 · chapter 64 of 78
This chapter covers asking about a noun someone has just said by repeating its grammatical features on the interrogative. With ayy, the case, gender and number of an indefinite noun are reproduced in pause and in connected speech. With man, they are reproduced only in pause, through lengthened endings such as manū, manā, manī, manān, manah, manāt and manūn. A proper noun may be repeated after man in the case it had, as long as no conjunction comes before man. AI
- 750
الرَّجَزal-rajaz–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
With ayy, reproduce whatever belongs to an indefinite noun that is asked about by means of it [its case, gender and number], both in pause and when you continue speaking. [jāʾa rajulun → ayyun?; raʾaytu rajulan → ayyan?; marartu bi-rajulin → ayyin?; also ayyāni, ayyatun, ayyūna, ayyātun.]
- 751
Metre: not scanned
As vowelled here, this verse does not fit al-rajaz, the metre of the poem; it is left unscanned rather than forced.
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
In pause, reproduce with man what belongs to an indefinite noun. Give the nūn a vowel in every case [the vowel of the noun's case] and lengthen it. [jāʾa rajulun → manū?; raʾaytu rajulan → manā?; marartu bi-rajulin → manī?]
- 752
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Say manān and manayn after [someone says] lī ilfāni bi-bnayni ['I have two companions with two sons': manān? for the nominative ilfāni, manayn? for the genitive ibnayni]. Give the nūn sukūn [manān, manayn] and you will be correct.
- 753
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
To someone who says atat bintun ['a girl came'], say manah? [with the feminine hāʾ in pause]. In the feminine dual, the nūn before the tāʾ has sukūn [mantān?, mantayn?].
- 754
الرَّجَزal-rajaz––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Fatḥa [on that nūn: manatān] is rare. Attach tāʾ and alif to man after [someone says] dhā bi-niswatin kalif ['this one is fond of women']: manāt?
OpenITI line 982 · vol. 1, p. 62 ↗AI vowelling differs in letters from OpenITIAI note on the transcription: بِمَنْ بِإِثْرِ ذَا بِنِسْوَةٍ كَلِفْ — the transcription has كل. The fāʾ of كَلِفْ ('fond of') was dropped. The word is needed for the sense, for the rhyme with الْأَلِفْ, and for the metre.
- 755
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪∪∪–فَعِلَتُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Say manūn and manīn, giving [the final nūn] sukūn, if someone says jā qawmun li-qawmin fuṭanā ['a people came to a people who are clever']: manūn? for the nominative qawmun, manīn? for the genitive li-qawmin.
- 756
الرَّجَزal-rajaz∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
If you continue speaking [without pausing on man], the form man does not change [man yā fatā?]. Manūn [used in connected speech] is rare and is known from a line of verse [atau nārī fa-qultu manūna antum].
Ibn ʿAqīl on verses 750–756Arabic
إن سئل ب أي عن منكور مذكور في كلام سابق حكى في أي ما لذلك المنكور من إعراب وتذكير وتأنيث وإفراد وتثنية وجمع ويفعل بها ذلك وصلا ووقفا فتقول لمن قال جاءني رجل أي ولمن قال رأيت رجلا أيا ولمن قال مررت برجل أي وكذلك تفعل في الوصل نحو أي يا فتى وأيا وأي يا فتى وتقولت في التأنيث أية وفي التثنية أيان وأيتان رفعا وأيين وأبتين جرا ونصبا وفي الجمع أيون وأيات رفعا وأيين وأيات جرا ونصبا
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7116 · vol. 4, p. 86 ↗وإن سئل عن المنكور المذكور ب من حكى فيها ما له من إعراب وتشبع الحركة التي على النون فيتولد منها حرف مجانس لها ويحكى فيها ما له من تأنيث وتذكير وتثنية وجمع ولا تفعل بها ذلك كله إلا وقفا فتقول لمن قال جاءني رجل منو ولمن قال رأيت رجلا منا ولمن قال مررت برجل منى وتقول في تثنية المذكر منان رفعا ومنين نصبا وجرا وتسكن النون فيهما فتقول لمن قال جاءني رجلان منان ولمن قال رأيت رجلين منين ولمن قال مررت برجلين منين
وتقول للمؤنثة منه رفعا ونصبا وجرا فإذا قيل أتت بنت فقل منه رفعا وكذا في الجر والنصب
وتقول في تثنية المؤنث منتان رفعا ومنتين جرا ونصبا بسكون النون التي قبل التاء وسكون نون التثنية وقد ورد قليلا فتح النون التي قبل التاء نحو منتان ومنتين وإليه أشار بقوله والفتح نرر
وتقول في جمع المؤنث منات بالألف والتاء الزائدتين كهندات فإذا قيل جاء نسوة فقل منات وكذا تفعل في الجر والنصب
وتقول في جمع المذكر رفعا منون رفعا ومنين نصبا وجرا بسكون النون فيهما فإذا قيل جاء قوم فقل منون وإذا قيل مررت بقوم أو رأيت قوما فقل منين
هذا حكم من إذا حكى بها في الوقف فإذا وصلت لم يحك فيها شيء من ذلك لكن تكون بلفظ واحد في الجميع فتقول من يافتى لقائل جميع ما تقدم وقد ورد في الشعر قليلا منون وصلا قال الشاعر
352 ( أتوا نارى فقلت منون أنتم … فقالوا الجن قلت عموا ظلاما
فقال منون أنتم والقياس من أنتم
- 757
الرَّجَزal-rajaz–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ–∪∪–مُفْتَعِلُنْ––∪–مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ∪–∪–مَفَاعِلُنْ
Ibn Jinnī on al-rajaz, “the trembling”
وهو على ستة أجزاء مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن مستفعلن
It has six feet: mustafʿilun, six times. Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, lines 842–843 (p. 101) ↗
Scanned by rule, not by a model. The vowelled text is read as it is pronounced, as Ibn Jinnī says scansion must be: doubled letters count twice, tanwīn adds an n, long vowels lengthen, the connecting alif drops inside the line, the article's l merges into a sun letter, and the last vowel of a line is drawn out. The syllables, long (–) and short (∪), are then fitted to each metre's feet with the common licences (zihāfāt) and line-endings. A poem has one metre: the one that fits most of its verses. A verse that does not fit it is marked 'not scanned'; nothing is guessed. Vowels scanned: AI vowelling (no vowelled edition is available to us).
Scanned by rule English: AI translation AI
Ibn Jinnī (d. 392/1002), Kitāb al-ʿArūḍ, ed. Aḥmad Fawzī al-Hayb (Kuwait: Dār al-Qalam, 1407/1987). Digital text: 0392IbnJinniMawsili.Carud.JK000956-ara1 (OpenITI RELEASE v2025.1.9). CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (OpenITI digital text); the classical text is public domain, the modern edition is not.
Reproduce the proper noun after man, provided man has no conjunction attached to it. [raʾaytu Zaydan → man Zaydan?; marartu bi-Zaydin → man Zaydin?; with a conjunction the noun takes the nominative: wa-man Zaydun?]
Ibn ʿAqīl on verse 757Arabic
يجوز أن يحكى العلم ب من إن لم يتقدم عليها عاطف فتقول لمن قال جاءني زيد من زيد ولمن قال رأيت زيدا من زيدا ولمن قال مررت بزيد من زيد فتحكى في العلم المذكور بعد من ما للعلم المذكور في الكلام السابق من الإعراب
Ibn ʿAqīl, OpenITI line 7144 · vol. 4, p. 88 ↗ومن مبتدأ والعلم الذي بعدها خبر عنها أو خبر عن الاسم المذكور بعد من
فإن سبق من عاطف لم يجز أن يحكى في العلم الذي بعدها ما قبلها من الإعراب بل يجب رفعه على أنه خبر عن من أو مبتدأ خبره من فتقول لقائل جاء زيد أو رأيت زيدا أو مررت بزيد ومن زيد
ولا يحكى من المعارف إلا العلم فلا تقول لقائل رأيت غلام زيد من غلام زيد بنصب غلام بل يجب رفعه فتقول من غلام زيد وكذلك في الرفع والجر
- الْحِكَايَةُ al-ḥikāya · reproduction; repeating a word's grammatical form as it was spoken · حكي
- الْوَقْفُ al-waqf · pause; stopping on a word · وقف
- الْوَصْلُ al-waṣl · connected speech; continuing without a pause · وصل
- الْمَنْكُورُ al-mankūr · the indefinite noun · نكر
- الْإِشْبَاعُ al-ishbāʿ · lengthening a short vowel into a long one · شبع
- الْمُثَنَّى al-muthannā · the dual · ثني
- الْعَلَمُ al-ʿalam · proper noun · علم
- الْعَاطِفُ al-ʿāṭif · conjunction (a coordinating particle such as wa-) · عطف