Mashrabaمشربة

The commentators side by side

One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ نَفْثِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ شِيثِيَّةٍ

←→Read ¶26 in the text

26 · 75 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فما في أَحَدٍ مِنَ اللهِ شَيْءٌ وما في أَحَدٍ مِنْ سِوى نَفْسِهِ شَيْءٌ وإنْ تَنَوَّعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الصُّوَرُ وما كُلُّ أَحَدٍ يَعْرِفُ هذا وَإِنَّ الأَمْرَ على ذلكَ إِلَّا آحادٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ اللهِ فإذا رَأَيْتَ مَنْ يَعْرِفُ ذلكَ فَاعْتَمِدْ عَلَيْهِ فذلكَ هوَ عَيْنُ صَفَاءِ خَلاصَةِ خاصَّةِ الخاصَّةِ مِنْ عُمُومِ أَهْلِ اللهِ فأيُّ صاحِبِ كَشْفٍ شاهَدَ صُورَةً تُلْقَىٰ إِلَيْهِ ما لَمْ يَكُنْ عندَهُ مِنَ المَعارِفِ وتَمْنَحُهُ ما لَمْ يَكُنْ قَبْلَ ذلكَ في يَدِهِ فتِلْكَ الصُّورَةُ عَيْنُهُ لا غَيْرُهُ

So there is nothing in anyone from God, and there is nothing in anyone from other than his own self, even if the forms vary upon him. Not everyone knows this, [namely] that the affair is thus, except for single individuals among the folk of God. So when you see someone who knows that, rely upon him, for that is the very purity of the quintessence of the elect of the elect among the generality of the folk of God. Thus, whatever possessor of unveiling witnesses a form through which there is cast to him what he did not have of gnostic knowledges, and which bestows upon him what was not in his hand before that, that form is his very self (ʿayn), not other than he.

On the whole passage · 1 of 6

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿فأي صاحب كشف شاهد صورة تلقي إليه ما لم يكن عنده من المعارف و تمنحه ما لم يكن قبل ذلك في يده، فتلك الصورة عينه لا غيره. فمن شجرة نفسه جنى ثمرة علمه، كالصورة الظاهرة منه في مقابلة الجسم الصقيل ليس غيره، إلا أن المحل أو الحضرة التي رأى فيها صورة نفسه تلقى إليه تنقلب من وجه بحقيقة تلك الحضرة،﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

شرح الجامي : تعالى، وخاصة الخاصة المتحققون بقرب النوافل، و خلاصة خاصة الخاصة المتحققون بقرب الفرائض. وصفاء الخاصة أي : صفوتهم صاحب مقام قاب قوسين الجامع بين القربين. وعين الصفاء أي: المختار من هؤلاء الصفوة صاحب مقام أو أدنى الغير المقيد بالجمع بل له الدور في المقامات الثلاث من غير تقييد بواحد منها. وهذا خاصة نبينا صلى الله عليه وسلم وكمل ورثته. (فأي صاحب کشف شاهد صورة) في عالم المثال المقيد أو المطلق (تلقی) تلك الصورة

— it is none other [than himself] — except that the locus (maḥall) or presence (ḥaḍra) in which he saw the form of his self being conveyed to him is transformed, in one respect, by the reality of that presence.] [Jāmī's Commentary]: ...the Exalted. And the elite of the elite are those realized in the proximity of supererogatory works (qurb al-nawāfil); and the quintessence of the elite of the elite are those realized in the proximity of obligatory works (qurb al-farāʾiḍ). 'The purity of the elite' means their choicest one, the possessor of the station of 'two bow-lengths' (qāb qawsayn), who combines the two proximities. And 'the very purity' means the one selected from among these choice ones, the possessor of the station of 'or nearer' (aw adnā), who is not restricted to the combination [of the two], but rather cycles through the three stations without being confined to any one of them. This is the special property of our Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, and of the perfected among his heirs. (So whatever possessor of unveiling witnesses a form) in the delimited or absolute World of Image (ʿālam al-mithāl), (which conveys) that form...

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فما في أحد من الله شئ ولا في أحد من سوى نفسه شئ. وإن تنوعت عليه الصور﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، إذا كان الأمر بحسب قابليتهم، فما في أحد من الله شئ سوى الوجود، ولا في أحد من سوى نفسه شئ، فإن كل ما يظهر على أحد، فهو اقتضاء عينه، والحق يعطى الوجود بحسبه، وإن كانت الصور الفائضة على ذلك الشئ الظاهر متنوعة، وذلك التنوع أيضا راجع إلى الأعيان. والمراد هاهنا، ما يترتب على الفيض المقدس لا الأقدس. وإلا يكون مناقضا لقوله: (فالأمر كله منه ابتداؤه وانتهاؤه). ولما كان قلوب عباد الله تابعة للتجليات الواردة عليهم و (كل يوم هو في شأن) كذلك يتنوع كلامه رضى الله عنه في بيان الحقائق والأسرار: فتارة يتكلم فيما يتعلق بالفيض الأقدس ويجعل الكل من الله، وتارة يتكلم فيما يقتضى الأعيان فينسب ذلك إليها، فلا تناقض

That is, since the matter is according to their receptivity, there is nothing of God in anyone except existence (wujūd), and nothing in anyone except from himself. For everything that appears upon someone is the requirement of his own entity, and the Real bestows existence according to it, even though the forms flowing forth upon that manifest thing are diverse — and that diversity likewise reverts to the entities. What is meant here is what results from the Holy Effusion (al-fayḍ al-muqaddas), not the Most Holy Effusion (al-fayḍ al-aqdas). Otherwise it would contradict his statement: "The whole matter, its beginning and its end, is from Him." And since the hearts of God's servants follow the self-disclosures (tajalliyāt) that come upon them, and "every day He is upon some task" [Q 55:29], likewise his — God be pleased with him — discourse diversifies in explaining the realities and secrets: sometimes he speaks of what pertains to the Most Holy Effusion and makes everything from God, and sometimes he speaks of what the entities require and attributes that to them. So there is no contradiction.

﴿فما في أحد من الله شئ، ولا في أحد من سوى نفسه شئ﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فمن عرف أن الله لا يوجد شيئا إلا على ما يعطيه عين ذلك الشئ، فلا يستغرب ذلك.ويقال: أتاه وأتى به وأتى عليه. كما يقال: جاءه وجاء به وجاء عليه. قال الله تعالى: "هل أتيك حديث الغاشية"

For whoever knows that God does not bring anything into existence except according to what the entity (ʿayn) of that thing gives Him, will not find this strange. It is said: "it came to him" (atāhu), "he brought it" (atā bihi), and "it came upon him" (atā ʿalayhi) — just as one says "it came to him" (jāʾahu), "he brought it" (jāʾa bihi), and "it came upon him" (jāʾa ʿalayhi). God Most High said: "Has there come to you the account of the Overwhelming Event?"

Ibn Turka

﴿فما في أحد من الله شيء﴾

من خصوصيات العطايا ، وإن كان أصلها ذاتية إلهية ، فإن تلك الحضرة أقدس وأنزه من أن يحضر لديها تلك النسب ، كما سبق تحقيقه في مثال المرأة والصورة المتمثلة فيها ، إذ قد ظهر أنه ليس في التجليات الإلهية خصوصية إلا من القوابل . قال رضي الله عنه

of the specificities of the gifts, even though their root is the essential divine [reality], for that Presence is too holy and too transcendent for those relations to be present before it, as was already established in the example of the mirror and the form represented within it, since it has become clear that there is no specificity in the divine self-disclosures except from the receivers. He, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿فما في أحد﴾

من المعطی لهم

of those given [gifts]

Bālī Zāde

﴿فما في أحد من الله شيء﴾

من العطايا إلا منه وإليه حتى الوجود منه وإليه بأمر الله وهو قول كن

of the gifts except [what is] from Him and to Him, even existence [itself] is from Him and to Him by God's command, and that is His word "Be,"

Words 4–5 · 1 of 6

مِنَ اللهِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿من الله﴾

المعطي (شيء) بل الله يظهر ما كان مستورة موجودة فيه بالقوة

the Giver — (anything); rather, God manifests what was hidden, existing within him in potentiality.

al-Qāshānī

﴿وما في أحد من سوى نفسه شيء﴾

وإن تنوعت عليه الصور . قوله رضي الله عنه

even though the forms diversify upon him. His saying, may God be pleased with him

Ibn Turka

﴿وما في أحد من سوى نفسه شيء ، وإن تنوعت عليه الصور﴾

أي على ذلك الأحد بحسب سيره في مواطن أراضى استعداده و مسالك عرضها الواسع الذي لاحد لأبعادها ، ولا عد لأفراد الصور المتشخصة فيها ، فتكون هذه الصور التي لا يبلغها الإحصاء عدا وحدا تنوع بها ذلك الأحد مع أحديته، فالكل فيه ، وما فيه من الله شيء. قال رضي الله عنه

that is, upon that One, according to his traversal through the stations of the lands of his preparedness and the paths of its vast breadth, whose dimensions have no limit and whose particular forms admit no numbering or limitation. These forms, which cannot be reckoned by count or limit, are the means by which that One diversifies, while remaining one; so all is within him, and there is nothing of God within it. He, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿ولا في أحد من سوى نفسه شيء﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

بل ما يظهر فيه إلا ما كان مستورة فيه

rather, nothing is manifested in him except what was hidden within him.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وما في أحد من سوى نفسه شيء﴾

فكان العطاء الذي خرج من نفسه وعاد إليه عين نفسه لا غير

so the gift that came forth from his own self and returned to it is the very self of that self, nothing else,

Jāmī

﴿وإن تنوعت عليه﴾

أي على ذلك الشيء (الصور) بحسب تنوع استعدادات الأخذ المعطى له، ففي أي صورة كان ذلك الشيء لا يكون من سوى نفس المطعی له أو على ذلك الأخذ فمن أي صورة وصل إليه ذلك الشيء. فهو من نفسه فإن تنك الصورة كانت موجودة فيه بالقوة، ثم ظهرت بالفعل بعد تحقق شرط ظهورها فما فاض ما فاض عليه من سوى نفسه. ولا يخفى أن ذلك إنما هو باعتبار الشيخ المقدس لا الأقدس فلا يناقض ما سبق لأن الأمر كله منه ابتداؤه وانتهاؤه

that is, upon that thing (the forms), according to the variation of the preparednesses (istiʿdādāt) of reception for the one given it. So in whatever form that thing occurs, it is nothing but from the very self of the one given it; or [rather], regarding that reception, in whatever form that thing reaches him, it is from himself — for that form was existing within him in potentiality, then appeared in actuality after the fulfillment of the condition of its manifestation. So nothing overflowed (fāḍa) upon him except from himself. It is not hidden that this is only from the standpoint of the holy [level] (al-muqaddas), not the most-holy [level] (al-aqdas); so it does not contradict what preceded, for the whole matter, its beginning and its end, is from Him.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وإن تنوعت عليه الصور وما كل أحد يعرف هذا … وإن الأمر على ذلك﴾

أي وما يعرف أن أمر العطاء على ما بيناه في نفس الأمر فقوله يعرف هذا يتعلق بالمذكور. وقوله : وإن الأمر على ذلك يتعلق بمطابقتة في نفس الأمر الأول مرتبة التصور الثاني التصديق

that is, and not everyone knows that the matter of the gift is as we have explained it in the matter itself. So his saying "knows this" pertains to what was mentioned, and his saying "and that the matter is thus" pertains to its correspondence with the matter itself—the first being the stage of conception, the second [the stage of] assent,

al-Qāshānī

﴿وما كل أحد يعرف هذا وإن الأمر على ذلك إلا آحاد من أهل الله ، فإذا رأيت من يعرف ذلك فاعتمد عليه ، فذلك هو عين صفاء خلاصة خاصة الخاصة من عموم أهل الله﴾

ظاهر ، وذلك أن صفاء حقيقة خاصة الخاصة من شوب الغيرية والخلقية ، يقتضي أنهم لا يرون إلا الأحدية غير محتجبين بالأسباب والوسائط ، لأنهم مكاشفون بوجود الأحد الواحد الكبير المتعال الظاهر الباطن ، ويرون إثبات الغير شركاء . قوله رضي الله عنه

this is clear; for the purity of the reality of the elect of the elect from the admixture of otherness and createdness requires that they see nothing but the Unicity (al-aḥadiyya), unveiled, not veiled by causes and intermediaries — for they are given unveiling of the existence of the One, the Unique, the Great, the Exalted, the Manifest, the Nonmanifest — and they regard the affirmation of otherness as associationism (shirk). His saying, may God be pleased with him

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وما كل أحد يعرف هذا وأن الأمر على ذلك، إلا آحاد من أهل الله﴾

وهم المطلعون على أسرار القدر

namely, those who are apprised of the secrets of the divine decree (qadar).

al-Tilimsānī

﴿وما كل أحد يعرف هذا، وأن الأمر على ذلك، إلا آحاد من أهل الله. فإذا رأيت من يعرف ذلك، فاعتمد عليه وذلك هو عين صفاء خلاصة خاصة الخاصة من عموم أهل الله تعالی.﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قلت: هذا لا يحتاج إلى شرح ، إلا أن هذا الولي الذي أشار إليه ، رضي الله عنه، لا يعرفه إلا من هو مثله وقد يعرفه من يراه مثلا يسأل عن هذا المشرب فيجيب بأحسن ما يجيب غيره. فهذه علامة حسنة تعرف بها حال الأكابر من هو دونهم. و قوله رضي الله عنه: فأی صاحب کشف شاهد صورة تلقى إليه ما لم يكن عنده من المعارف وتمنحه ما لم يكن قبل ذلك في يده، فتلك الصورة عينه لا غيره. فمن شجرة نفسه جنى ثمرة غرسه. قلت: هذه حقيقة أجمع عليها أهل الله تعالى ولذلك قال الشيخ: وأنت الكتاب المبين الذي ..... بأحرفه يظهر المضمر فما قال بأحرف غیره. قوله رضي الله عنه:"كالصورة الظاهرة في المرآة في مقابلة الجسم الصقيل ليس غيره، إلا أن المحل أو الحضرة التي رأى فيها صورة نفسه تنقلب من وجه بحقيقة تلك الحضرة، كما يظهر الكبير في المرأة الصغيرة صغيرة أو المستطيلة مستطيلا، والمتحركة متحر کا." قوله رضي الله عنه

I say: this does not need explanation, except that this saint (walī) to whom he alluded, may God be pleased with him, is known only by one who is his like. And [such a person] may be recognized by one who observes him, for example, being asked about this spiritual draught (mashrab) and answering better than anyone else would answer. This is a good sign by which the condition of the great ones is distinguished from those beneath them. And his saying, may God be pleased with him: "So whatever possessor of unveiling (kashf) witnesses a form that conveys to him what he did not previously possess of knowledge (maʿārif), and grants him what was not before in his hand - that form is his own self, not other than him. From the tree of his own self he harvests the fruit of his planting." I say: this is a reality upon which the people of God, Most High, are unanimously agreed. And for this reason the Shaykh said: "And you are the clear Book, ..... by whose letters the hidden is manifested" - he did not say "by the letters of another." His saying, may God be pleased with him: "Like the form appearing in the mirror opposite the polished body [reflecting] nothing other than it - except that the locus (maḥall) or presence (ḥaḍra) in which he sees the form of himself is transformed, from one respect, by the reality of that presence - just as the large appears small in the small mirror, or elongated in the elongated [mirror], and moving in the moving [mirror]." His saying, may God be pleased with him:

Ibn Turka

﴿وما كل أحد يعرف هذا وأن الأمر على ذلك ، إلآ آحاد من أهل الله﴾

صاحب الإشراف على متعانق الأطراف وشاهد الأحدية الجمعية الذاتية ، بأن الكل منه وإليه ، لا خارج منه شيء أصلا ، وأن الله بذاته منزه عن هذه النسب كلها . لا يقال : إن أحديته تعالى إذا كان أحدية جمع لا تنافي تعدد النسب تقده وتنزهه ؟ لأن الذي ينافيه النسبة مطلقا هو هذه الأحدية ، دون أحدية الفرق - كما مر

the possessor of oversight over the interlocking extremities, and the witness of the essential, gathering oneness — that all is from Him and returns to Him, with nothing at all external to Him, and that God in His Essence is transcendent above all these relations altogether. It is not to be said: if His Oneness, exalted is He, is an oneness of gathering, does this not conflict with the multiplicity of relations that precede and transcend it? — for what conflicts with relation absolutely is this [particular] oneness, not the oneness of differentiation, as preceded

Jāmī

﴿وما كل أحد … يعرف هذا﴾

الحكم يعني أنه ما في أحد من الله ولا من أحد سوى نفسه شيء

ruling — meaning that there is nothing in anyone from God, nor is there in anyone anything but from himself.

Words 23–24 · 1 of 6

وَإِنَّ الأَمْرَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿وأن الأمر﴾

يعني أمر العطاء في الكون كله جار على ذلك المجرى

— meaning the matter of giving in the entire cosmos runs according to this same course.

Jāmī

﴿إلا آحاد من أهل الله فإذا رأيت من بعرف ذلك فاعتمد عليه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فيما يقول لأنه حق مطابق أما في الواقع. (فذلك) الذي يعرف ذلك

in what he says, for it is a truth that corresponds to reality (fī'l-wāqiʿ). (For that) is the one who knows this.

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلا آحاد من أهل الله﴾

وهم الذين تحققوا بالتجليات الأسمائية ووقفوا بأسرار الأسماء والصفات

who are those who have realized the name-disclosures and have stood upon the secrets of the Names and Attributes,

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإذا رأيت من يعرف ذلك، فاعتمد عليه﴾

أي، على قوله، لأنه حق مطابق لما في نفس الأمر. ولما كان السالك الواصل الذي يقطع السفر الثاني والثالث ويصل إلى مقام الأقطاب والأفراد وقليلا وهو الخلاصة. قال

that is, upon his statement, for it is truth corresponding to what is the case in reality. And since the traveling wayfarer (al-sālik al-wāṣil) who traverses the second and third journeys and arrives at the station of the Poles and the Singular Ones is few — he is the elite (khulāṣa) — he said:

Ibn Turka

﴿فإذا رأيت من يعرف ذلك فاعتمد عليه، فذلك هو عين صفاء خلاصة خاصة الخاصة من عموم أهل الله تعالى﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

المعدودين في طي هذه الحكمة بأنواعها وأصنافها . فذلك الكامل هو عين المنتقدين من الأصفياء، وخلاصة طبقات المنتجبين من الكتل، طبقا على طبق، إلى سبع مراتب لما عرفت سترها غير مرة على ما صرح إليه بعبارته هذه - فلا تغفل

those enumerated within the folds of this wisdom in its various kinds and categories. That perfect one is the very essence of the discerning among the pure ones, and the quintessence of the chosen ranks among the masses, layer upon layer, up to seven degrees, as you have come to know its concealment more than once, as explicitly indicated by this expression of his — so do not be heedless

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإذا رأيت من يعرف ذلك فاعتمد عليه﴾

فإنه من كبار الأولياء يرشدك إلى مقصودك (فذلك) العلم

for he is among the great saints who will guide you to your goal (that) knowledge

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فذلك هو عين صفاء خلاصة خاصة الخاصة من عموم أهل الله﴾

وهم الذين مر ذكرهم عند بيان السالكين والخلاصة الواصل، وخاصة الخاصة الذي رجع بالحق إلى الخلق، وصفاء خلاصة الخاصة العلوم والحقائق الحقانية الصافية عن شوب الأكوان ونقائص الإمكان . فأي صاحب كشف شاهد صورة يلقى إليه ما لم يكن عنده من المعارف وتمنحه ما لم يكن قبل ذلك في يده، فتلك الصورة عينه لا غيره، فمن شجرة نفسه جنى ثمرة غرسه . وذلك لأن تلك الصورة هي من صور استعداداته التي لعينه الثابتة يتمثل في عالم الأرواح الذي هو المثال المطلق أو في الخيال الذي هو المثال المقيد، فيلقى إليه فهو المفيض على نفسه لا غيره، إذ كل ما يفيض عليه إنما هو من عينه و بحسب استعداداته. ولكن كل إنسان مشتملا على ما اشتمل عليه العالم الكبير، لا يحتاج أن يقال أنها صورة ملك أو جن أو كامل من الكمل غيره، بل عينه اقتضت أن يتصور حقيقة من حقائقه بتلك الصورة وتلقيه على قلبه المشغول بتدبير جسده، فيطلع عليه

They are those already mentioned in the discussion of the wayfarers, the arrived elite (khulāṣa), and the elite of the elite who has returned with the Real to creation. The "purity of the elite of the elite" refers to the true divine knowledges and realities, purified from the admixture of created things and the deficiencies of contingency. So whatever possessor of unveiling (kashf) witnesses a form that conveys to him knowledges he did not previously have, and bestows upon him what was not previously in his hand — that form is none other than his own entity; from the tree of his own self he has plucked the fruit of his own planting. This is because that form is one of the forms of his preparednesses (istiʿdādāt), belonging to his fixed entity, which is represented in the world of spirits — the Absolute Imagination — or in the imagination that is the Delimited Imagination, and it is conveyed to him; so he is the one who effuses upon himself, not another, since everything that flows forth upon him is only from his own entity and according to his preparednesses. But since every human being encompasses what the Greater World (al-ʿālam al-kabīr) encompasses, there is no need to say that it is the form of an angel, a jinn, or one of the perfect ones other than himself; rather, his own entity required that one of his realities be represented in that form and conveyed to his heart, which is occupied with governing his body, so that he becomes apprised of it —

Jāmī

﴿عين صفاء خلاصة خاصة الخاصة من عموم أهل الله﴾

فعموم أهل الله المؤمنون الموجودون، وخاصتهم السالكون السائرون إليه متن نص فصوص الحكم : قال رضي الله عنه

The generality of the people of God are the existing believers, and their elite are the wayfarers journeying toward Him. [Text of the Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam]: He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿عين صفاء خلاصة﴾

وهي العلوم العالية الصافية الخالصة عن شرب كدورات النفسانية . وكيف لم يعتمد من يعرف بمثل هذا العلم

namely, the lofty sciences, pure and unmixed with the taint of the drinking-in of the carnal-soul's turbidities. So how could one not rely upon him who knows the like of this knowledge?

Words 44–45 · 1 of 6

خاصَّةِ الخاصَّةِ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿خاصة الخاصة﴾

الخاصة أهل التجلي الصفاتي وخاصة الخاصة أهل التجني الذاتي

the elite are the people of attribute-disclosure, and the elite of the elite are the people of essence-disclosure,

Words 46–49 · 1 of 6

مِنْ عُمُومِ أَهْلِ اللهِ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿من عموم أهل الله﴾

أي من جمهور أهل الله فإذا لم يكن في أحد من الله شيء ولا في أحد من سوى نفسه شيء

that is, from among the mass of the people of God. So since there is nothing of God's in anyone, and nothing in anyone save his own self,

al-Qāshānī

﴿فأي صاحب كشف شاهد صورة تلقى إليه ما لم يكن عنده من المعارف ، وتمنحه ما لم يكن قبل ذلك في يده ، فتلك الصورة عينه لا غيره﴾

معناه أن صاحب الكشف قد يترقى بتزكية نفسه إلى عالم المثال وهي الحضرة الخيالية ، وقد يتجاوز عنه بتصفية الباطن إلى حضرة القلب وحضرة السر وحضرة الروح ، وفي كل حضرة يرى الشيء الواحد بصورة تقتضيها تلك الحضرة . وأول حضرات الغيب بعد الترقي عن الحس الذي هو عالم الشهادة هي الحضرة الخيالية المسماة عالم المثال ومنها المنامات الصادقة والوحى . فإذا رأى في هذه الحضرة شخصا ألقاه علما لم يكن عنده أو أعطاه عطاء لم يكن في يده فذلك الشخص عينه ظهر في تلك الصورة بحسب اقتضاء محل خياله ليس غيره . وإعطاه نصيبه الذي اختص به عند تعين الأعيان من الفيض الأقدس. قوله رضي الله عنه

its meaning is that the possessor of unveiling may ascend, through the purification of his soul, to the World of Imagination (ʿālam al-mithāl), which is the Imaginal Presence, and may pass beyond it, through the refinement of the inward, to the Presence of the Heart, the Presence of the Secret, and the Presence of the Spirit — and in each presence he sees the one same thing in a form required by that presence. The first of the presences of the Unseen, after ascending beyond sense-perception which is the World of Witnessing, is the Imaginal Presence called the World of Imagination, from which come true dreams and revelation. So if he sees, in this presence, a person who conveys to him knowledge he did not previously have, or gives him a gift not previously in his hand, that person is his own self, manifested in that form according to what the locus of his imagination requires — none other than himself. And he gives him his portion which was allotted specifically to him at the entification of the entities from the Most Holy Effusion. His saying, may God be pleased with him

Ibn Turka

﴿فأي صاحب كشف شاهد صورة﴾

مثالية - كما وقع لكثير من المنقطعين المتجردين أن يظهر لهم صورة شخص من المرشدين والمعلمين في عالم المثال نوما ويقظة

an imaginal one — as has occurred to many of the withdrawn, the detached, that there appears to them the form of a person among guides and teachers in the imaginal world, whether in sleep or waking

Bālī Zāde

﴿فای صاحب كشف شاهد صورة تلقى إليه … ما لم يكن عنده … من المعارف﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

بیان لما . (وتمنحه) أي ويوهب تلك الصورة

kinds of knowledge] an explanation of what [precedes]. (and it grants him) that is, and that form is bestowed upon him

Ibn Turka

﴿تلقى إليه﴾

من سماء الوهب والعطايا الذاتية

from the heaven of bestowal and the essential gifts

Jāmī

﴿إليه ما لم يكن عنده من المعارف وتمنحه﴾

أي تعطيه قبل ذلك

knowledge, and grants him] that is, gives him, before that...

Ibn Turka

﴿ما لم يكن عنده من المعارف و تمنحه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

من خزائن المواهب الأسمائية

from the treasuries of the nominal bestowals

Ibn Turka

﴿ما لم يكن قبل ذلك في يده﴾

من نقود الحقائق

of the coin of realities

Jāmī

﴿ما لم يكن قبل ذلك﴾

المذكور من مشاهدة الصورة

before that] the aforementioned witnessing of the form.

Bālī Zāde

﴿ما لم يكن قبل ذلك في يده﴾

فجملة تمنحه عطف على حملة تلقى إليه للإيضاح

so the clause "grants him" is conjoined to the clause "cast to him" for clarification,

Jāmī

﴿في يده فتلك الصور عينه لا غير فمن شجرة نفسه جني ثمرة غرسه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

و هكذا في النسخة المقروءة على الشيخ رضي الله عنه. وفي بعض النسخ ثمرة عن بيعه. فإن قيل كثيرا ما يرى أهل الله أرواح الماضيين من الأنبياء والأولياء في الوقائع والمقامات في صورة حسنة تلقى إليهم علوم و معارف ليست عندهم. ومن هذا القبيل ما ذكر الشيخ رضي الله عنه في صدر الكتاب من المبشرة التي رأي فيها رسول الله پیل وأخذ منه فيها هذا الكتاب مع ما فيه من المعارف والحكم. فكيف يصح إطلاق الحكم بأن كل صورة تلقى إلى صاحب الكشف ما ليس عنده فتلك الصورة عينة لا غيره؟ قلنا : معنى عينية الصورة للمكاشف وإلقائها عليه ما لم يكن عنده أنها مستجنة في غيب نفسه المستعدة بظهورها فظهرت عليه منصبغة بأحكام ما عليه مرآئته من السعة والصقالة والاستواء وغيرهما. ثم ألقت عليه من العلوم والمعارف ما يقتضيه استعداده لا غير . فالمراد بقوله : فتلك الصورة عينه لا غيره، أنها عينه لا من غيره و عبر عنه بهذه العبارة مبالغة في انصباغها بأحكامه. وهذه الصورة التي يشاهدها صاحب الكشف تلقى إليه ما ليس له عنده هي بعينها

Thus it is in the copy read before the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him. In some copies: 'the fruit of his own transaction.' Now if it is said: the people of God often see the spirits of past prophets and saints, in visionary events and spiritual stations, in a beautiful form that conveys to them sciences and forms of knowledge (maʿārif) which they did not [already] possess. Of this kind is what the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, mentioned in the introduction of the book concerning the glad-tiding vision in which he saw the Messenger of God (ﷺ) and received from him in it this book, together with what it contains of forms of knowledge and wisdoms. How then can it be correct to state absolutely that every form which conveys to the possessor of unveiling (kashf) what he did not [already] have is himself and none other? We say: the meaning of the form's being identical (ʿayniyya) to the one who receives the unveiling, and its conveying to him what he did not [already] possess, is that it was concealed within the unseen (ghayb) of his own self, which was prepared (mustaʿidda) for its manifestation; so it appeared to him colored by whatever properties his mirror possessed — breadth, polish, evenness, and the like. Then it conveyed to him, of the sciences and forms of knowledge, only what his preparedness (istiʿdād) required, and nothing more. So what is meant by his statement 'that form is himself, none other' is that it is from himself, not from another; and he expressed this by this phrase in emphasis of its being colored by his own properties. And this form which the possessor of unveiling witnesses, conveying to him what he did not [already] have, is itself—

Ibn Turka

﴿فتلك الصورة عينه لاغيره﴾

على ما هو المتوهم لأكثر المشاهدين

contrary to what is imagined by most of those who witness [such forms]

Bālī Zāde

﴿فتلك الصورة﴾

الملقية إليه (عينه) أي عين الملقى إليه

(is his very self), that is, the very self of the one to whom it is cast,

Words 74–78 · 1 of 6

لا غَيْرُهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿لا غيره فمن شجرة نفسه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي وإذا كانت تلك الصورة عينه كانت من شجرة نفسه. (جني ثمرة غرسه) يعني غرس شجرة نفسه وثمرتها وما تلقى إليه أي من المعارف كل ذلك مستندة إلى العبد وما استند إلى الله إلا الإعطاء خاصة على أيدي الأسماء. بطلب العبد فكان فصوص الحكم من ثمرة غرسه قدس سره تلقى إليه على يد رسول الله عليه السلام . فالرسول ليس من ثمرة غرسه ولا هو عينه بل هو خاتم الرسل فلا يكون العبد مفيضا على نفسه بل يحتاج إلى فياض آخر غيره . وإن كانت هذه الثمرة في غرسه ومن قال في هذا المقام العبد هو المفيض على نفسه لا غير فقد أخطأ. ولما فرغ عن الكلام في المعاني الغيبية شرع في الصورة الظاهرة إيضاحا وتسهيلا للطالبين. فقال

that is, since that form is his very self, it is from the tree of his own self, (a plucked fruit of his own planting), meaning: the planting of the tree of his own self and its fruit; and whatever is cast to him of the [various] kinds of knowledge—all of that is attributed to the servant, and nothing is attributed to God except the giving specifically, [effected] through the agency of the Names, at the servant's request. Thus the Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam was a fruit of his (may his secret be sanctified) own planting, cast to him at the hand of the Messenger of God, peace be upon him. The Messenger, then, is not a fruit of his own planting, nor is he his very self, but rather he is the Seal of the Messengers; so the servant is not the one who effuses upon himself, but rather he needs another effuser besides himself—even though this fruit is in his own planting. And whoever says on this matter that the servant is the sole effuser upon himself, with no other, has erred. And when he finished speaking of the unseen meanings, he began [treating] the outward form, for clarification and to ease [understanding] for the seekers, saying:

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.