Mashrabaمشربة

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One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ نَفْثِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ شِيثِيَّةٍ

←Read ¶30 in the text

30 · 43 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

ويَسْرِي العُقْمُ في الرِّجالِ والنِّساءِ فيَكْثُرُ النِّكاحُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وِلادَةٍ ويَدْعُوهُم إِلى اللهِ فلا يُجابُ فإذا قَبَضَهُ اللهُ وقَبَضَ مُؤْمِنِي زَمانِهِ بَقِيَ مَنْ بَقِيَ مِثْلَ البَهائِمِ لا يُحِلُّونَ حَلالًا ولا يُحَرِّمُونَ حَرامًا يَتَصَرَّفُونَ بِحُكْمِ الطَّبِيعَةِ شَهْوَةً مُجَرَّدَةً عنِ العَقْلِ والشَّرْعِ فَعَلَيْهِمْ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ

And barrenness will spread among men and women, so that there will be much marriage [and intercourse] without childbirth. He will summon them to God, but he will not be answered. Then, when God takes him [in death] and takes the believers of his time, those who remain will remain like beasts: they will not deem lawful what is lawful nor deem forbidden what is forbidden; they will act according to the rule of nature, [out of] appetite stripped of reason and the revealed Law. So it is upon them that the Hour will rise.

On the whole passage · 3 of 6

al-Qāshānī

﴿ويسرى العقم في الرجال والنساء ، فيكثر النكاح من غير ولادة ويدعوهم إلى الله فلا يجاب ، فإذا قبضه الله وقبض مؤمنى زمانه بقي من بقي مثل البهائم لا يحلون حلالا ولا يحرمون حراما يتصرفون بحكم الطبيعة ، شهوة مجردة عن العقل والشرع ،فعليهم تقوم الساعة﴾

ظاهر ، لأنهم بعد هذا الطور لا يلدون الإنسان بالحقيقة وإن كانوا في صورة الإنسان فهم أشرار الناس فتجب أن تقوم عليهم القيامة . كما قال عليه الصلاة والسلام: « لا تقوم الساعة إلا على أشرار الناس » . وقال « شر الناس من قامت القيامة عليه وهو حى » . وذلك بتجلى الحق في صورة العدل واستئناف الدور بالبعث والنشور ، وإحياء الموتى وإخراج من في القبور ، والله أعلم

This is evident (ẓāhir), because after this stage they will no longer truly beget the human being, even though they remain in human form; they are the worst of people, so it is necessary that the Resurrection (qiyāma) come to pass upon them. As he, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "The Hour will not come to pass except upon the worst of people," and he said: "The worst of people is he upon whom the Resurrection comes to pass while he is alive." And that occurs through the Real's self-disclosure (tajallī) in the form of justice, and the renewal of the cycle through resurrection (baʿth) and revivification (nushūr), the bringing to life of the dead, and the bringing forth of those in the graves. And God knows best.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإذا قبضه الله وقبض مؤمني زمانه، بقى من بقى مثل البهائم لا يحلون حلالا و لا يحرمون حراما، يتصرفون بحكم الطبيعة شهوة مجردة عن العقل والشرع، فعليهم يقوم الساعة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وإنما مثل النبوة باللبنة الفضية، لأن الفضة فيها بياض و سواد، والبياض يناسب النورية الحقانية، والسواد يناسب الظلمة الخلقية، و النبوة صفة خلقية فناسب "فتناسب" صورتها لكل من جزئيها، والذهب لكونه غير مركب من مختلفين وكونه أشرف، ناسب الولاية

He likened prophecy (nubuwwa) to the silver brick only because silver contains both whiteness and blackness — the whiteness corresponding to the divine luminosity (al-nūriyya al-ḥaqqāniyya), and the blackness corresponding to the darkness of createdness (al-ẕulma al-khalqiyya) — and prophecy is a created attribute (ṣifa khalqiyya), so its form corresponded to each of its two components. Gold, on the other hand, not being composed of two differing things, and being nobler, corresponded to sainthood (al-walāya)

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإذا قبضه الله وقبض مؤمني زمانه بقي من بقي مثل البهائم لا يحلون حلالا ولا يحزمون حراما ينصرفون بحكم الطبيعة شهوة مجردة عن العقل والشرع وعليهم تقوم الساعة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

هذا الولد هو الولي الذي لا يستجاب دعوته يكون بعد ختم الولاية العامة وهو عيسى عليه السلام فمعنى قوله : لا ولي بعده أي الولي الذي يستجاب دعوته ويؤثر ولايته وينتفع الناس بكمالاته ومعارفه فلا ينافي ختميته ختم الرسل وجود عیسی بعده مع أنه نبي مرسل بعدم إحكام نبوته. ومن قال: إن هذا الولد هو عيسى عليه السلام فقد أخطأ في الظاهر والباطن

This child is the saint whose call goes unanswered; he comes after the sealing of general sainthood (al-walāya al-ʿāmma), which belongs to Jesus, peace be upon him. Thus the meaning of his statement—"no saint after him"—is: no saint whose call is answered, whose sainthood exerts influence, and from whose perfections and gnosis people benefit. Hence the existence of Jesus after him does not contradict [Seth's] being the Seal, given that Jesus, though a sent prophet, does not exercise the [full] authority of his prophethood [in that era]. Whoever claims that this child is Jesus, peace be upon him, has erred both outwardly and inwardly.

Ibn Turka

﴿ويسري العقم في الرجال والنساء ، فيكثر النكاح﴾

الأظهاري بين الناكح الداعي والقابل الواعي

— between the inseminating caller and the receptive, conscious recipient.

Jāmī

﴿العقم في الرجال والنساء فيكثر النكاح من غير ولادة ويدعوهم إلى الله فلا يجاب﴾

في هذه الدعوة

in this call.

Words 8–10 · 1 of 6

مِنْ غَيْرِ وِلادَةٍ

Only Ibn Turka comments here.

Ibn Turka

﴿من غير ولادة﴾

للكمال الإنساني

procreation"] — [that is,] of human perfection.

al-Tilimsānī

﴿ويدعوهم إلى الله تعالى﴾

قلت: يعني أن هذا المولود يدعوهم إلى الله، فلا يجاب لأن الاجابة هداية والهداية هي من ذلك المدد والتقدير أنه تقاصر، فتذهب عقولهم القابلة النور الهداية التوقف المدد عنهم. فيبقون كالبهائم إلى أن يقوم عليهم القيامة وهذا الكلام كله من قوة الأحاديث النبوية. فتأمله تجده كذلك والله الهادي

I say: this means that this newborn will call them to God, but he will not be answered/responded to, because response is guidance, and guidance is from that effusion (madad), and it is presupposed that it has become scant; so their intellects, receptive to the light of guidance, will vanish through the withholding of the effusion from them. They will remain like cattle until the Resurrection is established upon them. This entire discourse derives its strength from the prophetic ḥadīths; so reflect upon it and you will find it to be so. And God is the Guide.

Ibn Turka

﴿ويدعوهم إلى الله فلا يجاب … فإذا قبضه الله وقبض مؤمنی زمانه بقى من بقى مثل البهائم ، لا يحلون حلالا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

به يحلون محال ظهوره ومجالي شعوره

— that is, by it they [ought to] deem lawful the places of his manifestation and the loci of his awareness.

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلى الله﴾

أي إلى معرفة الله تعالى وهي العلم بالتجليات الأسمائية بالطريق الخاص من مرئية ختم الرسل . كطریق مشايخنا رحمهم الله

that is, to the knowledge of God, Exalted—which is the knowledge of the Names-related self-disclosures by the particular path belonging to the seal of the messengers' inheritance, like the path of our masters (shaykhs), may God have mercy on them.

Words 14–15 · 1 of 6

فلا يُجابُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فلا يجاب﴾

دعوته لانقطاع الفيض الروحاني فيختم به الأسرار الشيثية فلا يطلب تحميل هذا العلم مؤمنو زمانه ولا يجيبون دعوته مع أنه لا يضر إيمانهم لأنهم وإن كانوا لا يجيبون لكنهم لا يردونه ولا ينكرونه لكون دعوته مطابقة لدينهم . كما أن المؤمنين في زماننا الذين لم يجيبوا دعوة مشايخنا لا يضرهم يدل عليه قوله

his call [will not be answered], due to the cessation of the spiritual effusion (fayḍ rūḥānī); with him the Sethian secrets will be sealed. So the believers of his time will not seek to bear this knowledge, nor will they answer his call—though this does not harm their faith, for even though they do not answer, they neither reject him nor deny him, since his call conforms to their religion—just as the believers of our own time who have not answered the call of our masters are not thereby harmed. This is indicated by his saying:

Jāmī

﴿فإذا قبضه الله وقبض مؤمني زمانه بقي من بقي مثل البهائم﴾

فهم حيوانات في صور الإنسان لإظهار كمال الحقائق الحيوانية الطبيعية البهيمية والسبعية في الصورة الإنسانية لا على ما تقتضيه القابلية من حيث هي هي من غير وازع عقلي أو مانع شرعي

- they are animals in human form, in order to manifest the perfection of the natural animalic, bestial, and predatory realities within the human form - not merely according to what the receptivity (qābiliyya), considered in itself, requires, without any intellectual restraint or legal impediment.

Jāmī

﴿لا يحلون حلالا ولا يحرمون حراما ينصرفون بحكم الطبيعة شهوة مجردة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي تشرف شهوة مجردة

i.e., an acting proceeding from bare desire.

Words 30–32 · 1 of 6

ولا يُحَرِّمُونَ حَرامًا

Only Ibn Turka comments here.

Ibn Turka

﴿ولا يحرمون حراما﴾

به يحرمون عنها

— that is, by which they would be restrained from them.

Ibn Turka

﴿يتصرفون بحكم الطبيعة شهوة مجردة عن العقل﴾

بإهمالهم شرائط بقاء النسل والحرث (والشرع) بإهمالهم شرائط محافظة النسب عن الاختلال والوهن . فعند انطواء هذين المحليين في طوى جلال الزمان وحمى كماله طلعت على أهله شمس الظهور من مغرب إخفائها ، واختفت في مشرقها ومنصات جلائها

pure appetite devoid of reason"] — through their neglect of the conditions for the preservation of offspring and tillage; (and [devoid] of the Law) through their neglect of the conditions for safeguarding lineage from disorder and weakening. Then, when these two loci [reason and the Law] are folded away within the folds of the majesty of Time and the sanctuary of its perfection, the sun of manifestation rises upon its people from the west of its concealment, and sets in the east of its disclosure and the stages of its unveiling.

Jāmī

﴿عن العقل والشرع فعليهم تقوم الساعة﴾

وتخرب الدنيا . وانتقل الأمر إلى الآخرة. اعلم أن مراد الشيخ رضي الله عنه بخاتم الأولاد غير خاتم الولاية. فإن خانم الولاية المقيدة عند الشيخ هو الشيخ نفسه . وخاتم الولاية المطلقة هو عيسى عليه السلام كما أومي إلى الأول وصرح بالثاني في مواضع متعددة من كلامه . ولا يخفى أن هذه القصة لا تنطبق على حال واحد منهما . ومن حمله على خاتم الولاية المطلقة فكان منشأ حمله أنه لما كان خاتم الأولاد حاملا لأسرار شيث عليه السلام لا بد أن يكون من الأولياء . وإذا كان من الأولياء لم يتولد بعده ولي آخر يلزم أن يكون خاتم الأولياء ولیس الأمر كذلك. فإنه يمكن أن يكون تحقیقه بالولاية قبل نزول عیسى علیه السلام وظهوره بالولاية ويكون نزول عيسى عليه السلام في زمانه أو زمان من بقي من مؤمني زمانه بعده ولا يتحقق أحد بعده بالولاية فيكون خاتما للولاية. ثم اعلم أن مقصود الشيخ رضي الله عند بيان لدوام إفراد النوع الإنساني وختمهم وغير ذلك مما يتعلق به . فحمل كلامه على ما يكون في النشأة الإنسانية على سبيل المضاهاة لما ذكره خروج عن المقصود فلهذا لا تشتغل به

and the world will be ruined, and the affair will pass over to the Hereafter. Know that the Shaykh's, may God be pleased with him, intention by 'the Seal of children' is other than 'the Seal of sainthood' (khātam al-walāya). For the Seal of restricted sainthood (al-walāya al-muqayyada), according to the Shaykh, is the Shaykh himself, while the Seal of absolute sainthood (al-walāya al-muṭlaqa) is Jesus, peace be upon him - as he alluded to the former and stated the latter explicitly in numerous places in his discourse. It is not hidden that this account does not apply to the condition of either one of them. As for whoever construed it as referring to the Seal of absolute sainthood, the source of his construal was that, since the Seal of children is the bearer of the secrets of Seth, peace be upon him, he must necessarily be among the saints (awliyāʾ); and if he is among the saints, and no other saint is born after him, it would follow that he is the Seal of the saints (khātam al-awliyāʾ) - but the matter is not so. For it is possible that his realization (taḥaqquq) in sainthood occurs before the descent of Jesus, peace be upon him, and his manifestation with sainthood; and the descent of Jesus, peace be upon him, may take place in his time, or in the time of those believers of his time who remain after him, and no one after him is realized in sainthood, so that he [Jesus] would be the Seal of sainthood. Then know that the Shaykh's, may God be pleased with him, purpose in the exposition is the permanence of the singular occurrences of the human species and their sealing, and other matters connected thereto. To construe his discourse as referring to what occurs in the human configuration (al-nashʾa al-insāniyya) by way of analogy to what he mentioned is a departure from the intended purpose; therefore do not busy yourself with it.

Words 41–43 · 1 of 6

فَعَلَيْهِمْ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ

Only Ibn Turka comments here.

Ibn Turka

﴿فعليهم تقوم الساعة﴾

فإن من شأن الحكم الإلهي أنه إذا حان ظهور الثمرة وخروجها من الحبة المزروعة لابد من تفرق أجزائها وانقلاب أوضاعها ، وانعدام نضدها ونظمها ، فعند ذلك أمكن خروج الثمرة من مكامن قوتها و إمكانها إلى مجالي الخارج . وتلك الحبة هي الشرع ، والثمرة هي الحقيقة المندمجة فيها ، فإذا تجردت الحبة عن صورتها الظاهرة التي هي الشرع ، وعن جمعيتها المزاجية التي هو العقل برز ما فيه من السنابل السبع، في كل سنبلة منها مائة حبة ، وهو المعبر عنه بالساعة . ولتحقيق ذلك وبيان لميته كلام كاف وبرهان شاف في الكتاب ، من اهتدى إلى استكشاف ذلك فقد فاز من جلائل حقائق الوقت ولطائف خصائص المحبوب المراد بحظ والسلام

— for it is characteristic of the divine decree that, when the time comes for the fruit to appear and emerge from the planted seed, its parts must necessarily disperse, its arrangement be overturned, and its order and structure cease to exist; and it is then that the fruit becomes able to emerge from the hidden places of its potency and possibility into the arenas of the outward. That seed is the Law (al-sharʿ), and the fruit is the reality (al-ḥaqīqa) enfolded within it. So when the seed is stripped of its outward form, which is the Law, and of its compounded constitution, which is reason (al-ʿaql), there emerges from within it the seven ears, each ear containing a hundred grains — and this is what is referred to by "the Hour." For the verification of this and the clarification of its wherefore there is sufficient discourse and a satisfying proof in the Book; whoever is guided to uncover this has attained a portion of the sublime realities of the Moment and the subtle properties peculiar to the Beloved who is intended — and peace [be upon it].

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.