Mashrabaمشربة

The commentators side by side

One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ نَفْثِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ شِيثِيَّةٍ

←→Read ¶7 in the text

7 · 84 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

ومِنْ هَؤُلاءِ مَنْ يَعْلَمُ أنَّ عِلْمَ اللهِ بهِ في جَميعِ أَحْوالِهِ هوَ ما كانَ عَلَيْهِ في حالِ ثُبُوتِ عَيْنِهِ قَبْلَ وُجُودِها ويَعْلَمُ أنَّ الحَقَّ لا يُعْطِيهِ إلَّا ما أَعْطاهُ عَيْنُهُ مِنَ العِلْمِ بهِ وهوَ ما كانَ عَلَيْهِ في حالِ ثُبُوتِهِ فيَعْلَمُ عِلْمَ اللهِ بهِ مِنْ أَيْنَ حَصَلَ وما ثَمَّ صِنْفٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ اللهِ أَعْلَى وأَكْشَفُ مِنْ هذا الصِّنْفِ فَهُمْ الواقِفُونَ على سِرِّ القَدَرِ وهُمْ على قِسْمَيْنِ مِنْهُم مَنْ يَعْلَمُ ذلكَ مُجْمَلًا ومِنْهُم مَنْ يَعْلَمُهُ مُفَصَّلًا والَّذِي يَعْلَمُهُ مُفَصَّلًا أَعْلَى وأَتَمُّ مِنَ الَّذِي يَعْلَمُهُ مُجْمَلًا

And among these is one who knows that God's knowledge of him in all his states is what he was upon in the state of the fixity of his entity before its existence, and knows that the Real gives him only what his entity gave Him of knowledge of it, namely what it was upon in the state of its fixity. So he knows from where God's knowledge of him was obtained. There is no class among the folk of God higher and more unveiled than this class, for they are the ones who have come to stand upon the mystery of destiny. They are of two divisions: among them is one who knows that in summary fashion, and among them is one who knows it in detail. And the one who knows it in detail is higher and more complete than the one who knows it in summary fashion.

al-Qāshānī

﴿ومن هؤلاء من يعلم أن علم الله تعالى في جميع أحواله ، هو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوت عينه قبل وجودها﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

موقوف على العلم بالأعيان الثابتة . وهو أن الروح الأول الذي هو أول ما خلق الله تعالى المسمى بلسان أهل الحكمة. العقل الأول هو أول متعين في ذات الله وأول مرتبة من مراتب الممكنات متعين بسبب تعين أحديته تعالى بعلمه بذاته محيط بحقائق الأشياء كلها . وهي المسماة بالأعيان الثابتة وهو نوع متشعب إلى أرواح فائتة الحصر ، منها الملائكة المقربون ومنها أرواح الكمل من نوع الإنسان . وهي حقائق روحانية متمايزة كل روح منها منتقش بكل ما يجرى عليه من الأزل إلى الأبد ، وهو الصف الأول من صفوف الأرواح الإنسية ، وهي المسماة بالأعيان ، وأول تجل من تجليات الحق وهو التجلي الذاتي في صورة هذا المعلول الأول . فإن الذات الأحدية قبل الظهور في الحضرة الأسمائية في عماء كما ذكر في المقدمة . وفي هذه الحضرة تتعدد الأسماء وهو يعلم هذا المعلول بذاته أي بعين ذلك المعلول ، كما هو منتقشا بجميع ما فيه لا بصورة زائدة على ذاته . وعلمه عين ذاته ليس إلا حضوره لذاته في صورة هذا المعلول . فعلمه بالأعيان إنما هو من جملة علمه بذاته ، والأعيان وكل ما فيها من جملة معلوماته ، ومعلوماته عين ذاته من حيث الحقيقة غير ذاته من حيث تعيناتها . ولكل عين من الأعيان الإنسانية صورة نفسانية مثالية ينفصل ما فيها من الحقائق العلمية ، التي هي أحوالها في هذه الصورة ، إلى جزئيات مقدرة بمقادير زمانية يقارن كل منها وقتا معينا من أوقات وجوده قبل وجوده والله من ورائهم محيط فسر القدر هذه الأمور المقدرة المتقارنة لآجالها وحضور الحق تعالى لها في ذاته علمه بها على ما هي عليها . وهذا معنى قوله

what it was in the state of the fixity of their entity before its existence.] This depends on knowledge of the fixed entities (al-aʿyān al-thābita). This is that the First Spirit, which is the first thing God, Exalted is He, created—termed in the language of the people of wisdom the First Intellect—is the first determination (taʿayyun) in the Essence of God and the first rank among the ranks of possible things, determined by reason of the determination of His Oneness, Exalted is He, through His knowledge of His Essence, encompassing the realities of all things. These are what are called the fixed entities, and it is a genus branching into spirits beyond enumeration, among them the near angels and among them the spirits of the perfect ones of the human kind. These are spiritual realities, distinct one from another, each spirit among them imprinted with everything that will occur to it from pre-eternity to post-eternity. This is the first rank of the ranks of human spirits, called the entities, and the first self-disclosure (tajallī) among the self-disclosures of the Real—namely the essential self-disclosure in the form of this first effect. For the Unitary Essence (al-dhāt al-aḥadiyya), before manifesting in the Presence of the Names, is in the Cloud (ʿamāʾ), as mentioned in the introduction. And in this Presence the Names become multiple, and He knows this effect by His Essence—that is, by the very entity of that effect—inasmuch as it is imprinted with everything within it, not by a form additional to His Essence. His knowledge is identical with His Essence, being nothing but His presence to Himself in the form of this effect. So His knowledge of the entities is but part of His knowledge of His Essence, and the entities and everything within them are among His objects of knowledge, and His objects of knowledge are identical with His Essence in respect of reality, [though] other than His Essence in respect of their determinations (taʿayyunāt). For each entity among the human entities there is an imaginal psychic form (ṣūra nafsāniyya mithāliyya), from which the cognitive realities within it—which are its states in this form—separate out into particulars determined by temporal measures, each of them coinciding with a specific moment among the moments of its existence, before its existence—"and God is behind them, encompassing." So the decree (qadar) is the interpretation of these determined matters that coincide with their appointed times, and the Real's presence, Exalted is He, to them in His Essence is His knowledge of them as they are. This is the meaning of his words:

﴿ومن هؤلاء﴾

أي ومن الذين يعلمون أن الله فيهم سابقة قضاء ، من يعلم أن علم الله به في جميع أحواله هو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوت يتفرق عينه قبل وجودها

—that is, among those who know that God has, regarding them, a prior decree—[there are those who know that God's knowledge of them in all their states is what it was in the state of the fixity]—the dispersal—[of their entity before its existence.]

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ومن هؤلاء من يعلم أن علم الله به في جميع أحواله هو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوت عينه قبل وجودها﴾

أي، وجود تلك العين

— that is, the existence of that entity

Ibn Turka

﴿ومن هؤلاء﴾

الساكتين عن السؤال

— the silent ones who refrain from request —

Jāmī

﴿ومن هؤلاء﴾

الذين منعهم عن السؤال عليهم بسابق قضاء الله وقدره بجميع ما يجري عليهم (من بعلم) من عباد الله

— those whom God's prior decree and decree concerning all that runs upon them has prevented from asking — (are those who know), among God's servants,

Bālī Zāde

﴿ومن هؤلاء﴾

أي من العلماء بالقضاء السابق عليهم أو من الصنف الذي منعهم علمهم هذا عن السؤال أر من عباد الله الذين من هذا الصنف (من) أي العبد الذي

that is, among those who know the decree prior to them, or among the class whose knowledge prevented them from petitioning, or among God's servants of this class, (is one) that is, the servant who

Ibn Turka

﴿من يعلم أن علم الله به في جميع أحواله هو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوت عينه ، قبل وجودها ، ويعلم أن الحق لا يعطيه إلا ما أعطاه عينه من العالم به﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لما سبق أن العطاء على وفق الإرادة ، والإرادة تابعة للعلم ، والعلم ما أعطاه العين المعلوم مما يقتضيه ذاته ويعبر عنه السا استعداده

since it has already been established that the giving is according to the will, and the will follows knowledge, and knowledge is what the known entity has given, of what its essence necessitates — and this is expressed as its preparedness.

Bālī Zāde

﴿يعلم أن علم الله به﴾

أي بذلك العبد

that is, of that servant,

Jāmī

﴿أن علم الله به في جميع أحواله﴾

بل متعلق علمه بالعبد

— rather, the object of His knowledge regarding the servant —

Words 9–11 · 1 of 5

في جَميعِ أَحْوالِهِ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿في جميع أحواله﴾

ظرف للعلم أي في إضافة جميع الأحوال اللازمة لوجوده الخارجي

is an adverbial phrase qualifying "knowledge," i.e., in reference to all the states necessarily attendant upon his external existence,

Words 12–14 · 2 of 5

هوَ ما كانَ

Jāmī

﴿هو ما كان﴾

العبد (عليه) من الأحوال

the servant (was) in terms of states

Bālī Zāde

﴿هو ما﴾

أي علم الله بوجوده في اتصافه بجميع أحواله هو العلم الذي كان ذلك العبد (عليه) أي على ذلك العلم

that is, God's knowledge of his existence, as qualified by all his states, is the very knowledge that servant was (upon) that is, upon that [same] knowledge

Jāmī

﴿في حال ثبوت عينه﴾

في مرتبة العلم

— in the level of [divine] knowledge —

Bālī Zāde

﴿في حال ثبوت عينه قبل وجودها﴾

أي قبل وجود العين أو قبل وجود الأحوال

that is, before the existence of the entity, or before the existence of the states,

Words 20–21 · 1 of 5

قَبْلَ وُجُودِها

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿قبل وجودها﴾

أي وجود عينه الثابتة في مرتبة العين وحاصله أن علمه سبحانه تابع لعينه الثابتة التي هي المعلوم. (ويعلم) أيضا ذلك العبد

, i.e., the existence of his fixed entity in the level of the entity. The upshot is that His knowledge, glory be to Him, follows His fixed entity, which is the known object. (And) that servant also (knows)

al-Qāshānī

﴿ويعلم أن الحق لا يعطيه إلا ما أعطاه عينه من العلم به﴾

وكيف لا وتلك العين هو الكتاب الذي فيه أعماله وأحواله وأرزاقه " لا يُغادِرُ صَغِيرَةً ولا كَبِيرَةً إِلَّا أَحْصاها ". والروح الكلى المنقسم إلى الأرواح كلها هو أم الكتاب الذي عنده تعالى ، وهو يحكم على كل أحد بما فيه في عينه من النقش وهو الاستعداد الفطري الأول للعبد ولا يعلم الحق من هذا العبد إلا ما في عينه

How could it be otherwise, seeing that that entity is the Book in which are [recorded] his deeds, his states, and his provisions: "He leaves out neither a small thing nor a great one but He has enumerated it." And the Universal Spirit, which is divided into all the spirits, is the Mother of the Book which is with Him, Exalted is He; and He decides for each individual according to what is in his entity of imprinting, which is the first innate preparedness of the servant. And the Real knows of this servant nothing but what is in his entity.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ويعلم أن الحق لا يعطيه إلا ما أعطته عينه من العلم به، وهو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوته، فيعلم علم الله به من أين حصل. وما ثم صنف من أهل الله أعلى وأكشف من هذا الصنف، فهم الواقفون على سر القدر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قيل: إن حضرة الأعيان هي الروح الأول، وهو نوع منشعب إلى أرواح فائتة للحصر منها أرواح الكمل من نوع الإنسان، وهي حقائق روحانية متمايزة كل روح منها، منتقش بكل ما يجرى عليه من الأزل إلى الأبد، وهي المسماة ب

of knowledge of him, which is what it was in the state of its fixity; thus he knows whence God's knowledge of him was derived. There is no class among the folk of God higher or more unveiled than this class, for they are the ones who stand upon the secret of the divine decree (qadar)] It has been said: the Presence of the entities is the First Spirit, a genus branching into spirits too numerous to enumerate, among them the spirits of the perfect ones (kummal) of the human species — spiritual realities, each spirit among them distinct, each inscribed with everything that runs upon it from pre-eternity to post-eternity. These are what are called

Jāmī

﴿ان الحق لا يعطيه إلا ما أعطاه﴾

أي إلا مقتضى من أعطاه. أي الحق سبحانه و ضمير الموصرف محذوف، أو الضمير عائد إلى الموصول والمفعول الأول. أي الحق محذوف (عينه) فاعل أعلاه

, i.e., only what is required by [what He has given] him — that is, the Real, glory be Him; the pronoun of the [implied verb] is elided, or the pronoun refers to the relative clause and the first object — that is, the Real — is elided; (his entity) is the agent of the verb above,

Bālī Zāde

﴿ويعلم أن الحق لا يعطيه﴾

أي العبد من الواردات

that is, the servant, of the things that come to him,

Words 27–30 · 1 of 5

إلَّا ما أَعْطاهُ عَيْنُهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلا ما أعطاه عينه﴾

أي أعطى عين العبد الحق

entity gives Him] that is, the servant's entity gives to the Real

Words 31–33 · 2 of 5

مِنَ العِلْمِ بهِ

Jāmī

﴿من العلم به﴾

أي بالعبد بيان للموصول (وهو)، أي العلم به بل متعلق ذلك العلم

, i.e., of the servant — explaining the relative clause — (and it is), i.e., the knowledge of him — rather, the object of that knowledge is —

Bālī Zāde

﴿من العلم به … وهو ما﴾

أي الذي أعطاه العبد (كان) العبد (عليه) أي على ذلك العلم

that is, what the servant gave, (he) the servant (was upon), that is, upon that [same] knowledge,

al-Qāshānī

﴿وهو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوته ، فيعلم … علم الله به من أين حصل … وما ثم صنف من أهل الله أعلى وأكثف من هذا الصنف ، فهم الواقفون على سر القدر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

ظاهر . ثم قسم هذا الصنف فقال

This is clear. Then he divided this class, saying:

Ibn Turka

﴿وهو ما كان عليه في حال ثبوته ؛ فيعلم … علم الله به من أين حصل﴾

و أن الكل من عينه ظهر عليه ، أخذ منه فرد إليه " هذه بضاعتنا ردت إلينا "

and that everything appeared upon him from his own entity, taken from it and returned to it: "This is our merchandise, returned to us."

Jāmī

﴿ما كان﴾

العبد (عليه) من الأحوال

the servant (was) in terms of states

Jāmī

﴿في حال ثبوته﴾

في مرتبة العلم قبل خروجه إلى العين. (فيعلم) أن

— in the level of [divine] knowledge before its emergence into [external] entification. (So he knows) that

Bālī Zāde

﴿في حال ثبوته … فيعلم علم الله به من أين حصل﴾

أي يعلم أن علم الله به سواء كان بعد الوجود أو قبله يحمل للحق من العبد ويعلم أن العلم الذي كان عليه العبد بعد الوجود هو عين العلم الذي كان عليه في حال ثبوته ووجوده وجميع أحواله فعلى كل حال العلم تابع لعين العبد (وما ثمة). أي في صنف العالمين بالقضاء السابق

that is, he knows that God's knowledge of him, whether after existence or before it, is borne to the Real from the servant, and he knows that the knowledge the servant possessed after existence is the very same knowledge he possessed in the state of his fixity, his existence, and all his states. So in every respect, [God's] knowledge follows upon the entity of the servant. (And there is not there), that is, within the class of those who know the prior decree,

Words 42–44 · 1 of 5

عِلْمَ اللهِ بهِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿علم الله به﴾

وبأحواله الجارية عليه إلى الأبد

, and of his states that run upon him forever,

Words 45–47 · 1 of 5

مِنْ أَيْنَ حَصَلَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿من أين حصل﴾

أي من عينه الثابتة وأن كل ما يجري عليه إنم %~% متن نص فصوص الحكم : في حال ثبوته، فيعلم علم الله به من أين حصل. و ما ثم صنف من أهل الله أعلى و أكشف من هذا الصنف، فهم الواقفون على سر القدر و هم على قسمين: منهم من يعلم ذلك مجملا، و منهم من يعلمه مفصلا، و الذي يعلمه مفصلا أعلى و أتم من الذي يعلمه مجملا، فإنه يعلم ما في علم الله فيه إما بإعلام الله إياه بما أعطاه عينه من العلم به، و إما أن يكشف له عن عينه الثابتة و انتقالات الأحوال عليها إلى ما لا يتناهى وهو أعلى: فإنه يكون في علمه بنفسه بمنزلة علم الله به لأن الأخذ من معدن شرح الجامي : هو بمقتضى عينه الثابتة وطلبها إياه بلسان الاستعداد والمطلوب بلسان الاستعداد يعطيه الله الجواد المطلق سبحانه لا محالة . فلا يحتاجون إلى السؤال اللفظي أصلا

— that is, from his fixed entity — and that everything that runs upon him is only [in accordance with it] %~% [Text of the Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam]: in the state of its fixity — so he knows God's knowledge of him, from where it derives. And there is no class among God's folk higher or more unveiled than this class; they are the ones standing upon the secret of the decree (sirr al-qadar), and they are of two kinds: one of them knows that summarily, and another knows it in detail; and the one who knows it in detail is higher and more complete than the one who knows it summarily, for he knows what is in God's knowledge concerning him — either through God's informing him of what He gave his entity of knowledge of him, or through unveiling to him his fixed entity and the transitions of states upon it endlessly, and this is higher: for he is, in his knowledge of himself, in the position of God's knowledge of him, because the taking [of knowledge] is from a source [Jāmī's Commentary]: it is by virtue of his fixed entity and its request of Him by the tongue of preparedness, and what is requested by the tongue of preparedness God — the Absolute Bestower, glory be to Him — gives without fail. So they have no need at all of verbal request.

Ibn Turka

﴿وما ثم صنف من أهل الله أعلى وأكشف من هذا الصنف فهم الواقفون على سر القدر﴾

المطلعون على مبادئ تفاصيل جزئيات أوضاع العالم ومصادر وقوع أحكامها وأفعالها ، أنه من نفس عينه الثابتة في حال عدمه ، الكاشفة عن كل أحوالها بمقاديرها وأزمانها ، "لا يغادر صغيرة " من تلك الأوضاع "ولا كبيرة إلا أحصاها" إحصاء تفصيل وإيقان، فالعارف بسر الارتباط المذكور هو الواقف على سر القدر

who are apprised of the origins of the detailed particulars of the world's configurations and the sources whence their rulings and acts occur — namely, that each proceeds from his own entity fixed in the state of its non-existence, which discloses all its states with their measures and times, "leaving out neither a small thing" of those configurations "nor a great one, but has enumerated it," an enumeration of detail and certainty. So the one who knows the secret of the aforementioned connection is the one who stands upon the secret of the decree.

Jāmī

﴿وما ثم صنف من أهل الله أعلى﴾

علما (وأكشف) للأمور على ما هي عليه

in knowledge (and more unveiling) of matters as they are

Bālī Zāde

﴿صنف من أهل الله أعلى واكشف من هذا الصنف﴾

المعين بالعلم المذكور

specified by the aforementioned knowledge.

Words 56–60 · 1 of 5

مِنْ هذا الصِّنْفِ فَهُمْ الواقِفُونَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿من هذا الصنف إنهم الواقفون على سير القدر وهم على قسمين منهم من يعلم ذلك … مجملا ومنهم من يعلمه مفصلا والذي بعلمه مفصلا أعلى … معرفة من الذي يعلمه مجملا .﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فإنه)، أي الذي يعلمه مفصلا

(For he) — the one who knows it in detail —

Words 59–63 · 1 of 5

فَهُمْ الواقِفُونَ على سِرِّ القَدَرِ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فهم واقفون على سر القدر﴾

دون غيرهم فإن غيرهم من أهل الله يعلم القضاء بأنه حكم الله والقدر بأنه تقدير ذلك الحكم ويعلم أن التقدير تابع الحكم والحكم تابع للعلم وهذا هو علم القدر والقضاء ولا يعلم أن علم الله تابع لعین العبد وهو سر القدر. فعلم سر القدر أن يعلم أن علم الله به من أين حصل فلا يلزم من العلم بالقدر والعلم بسر القدر بخلاف سر القدر (وهم) أي الواقفون على سير القدر أو العلماء بأن علم الله به من أين حصل على قسمين منهم): أي بعض منهم خبر مقدم

unlike others; for others among the people of God know the decree (qaḍāʾ) as being God's ruling, and the measure (qadar) as the determination of that ruling, and they know that the determination follows the ruling and the ruling follows the knowledge — and this is [merely] knowledge of the measure and the decree. But they do not know that God's knowledge follows the entity of the servant, and that is the secret of the decree. So knowledge of the secret of the decree consists in knowing whence God's knowledge of him derived; and knowledge of the decree does not necessarily entail knowledge of the secret of the decree — unlike [knowledge of] the secret of the decree [which entails the former]. (And they), that is, those who stand upon the secret of the decree, or those who know whence God's knowledge of him derived, are of two categories: (among them) that is, some of them — predicate placed first —

al-Qāshānī

﴿وهم على قسمين : منهم من يعلم ذلك مجملا﴾

وهو العالم بالبرهان أو الإيمان

namely, the one who knows it by demonstrative proof or by faith,

Ibn Turka

﴿وهم على قسمين﴾

- فالساكتون عن السؤال ثلاثة أصناف

— for the silent ones who refrain from request are three types:

Ibn Turka

﴿منهم من يعلم ذلك مجملا ، و منهم من يعلمه مفصلا ، والذي يعلمه مفضلا أعلى وأتم من الذي يعلمه مجملا ، فإنه يعلم ما في علم الله فيه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي يعلم ما في ذلك العبد العالم من تفاصيل أحواله ، حال كونه في علم الله . هذا إذا جعل أحد الطرفين حالا ، ويمكن أن يجعل بدلا، ومعناه على ذلك أظهر . والعالمون بهذا الوجه أيضا صنفان : فإن ذلك العلم

— that is, he knows the detailed particulars of that knowing servant's states, in the state of his being within God's knowledge. This is if one of the two terms is made a circumstantial qualifier (ḥāl); it is also possible to make it a substitute (badal), in which case its meaning is more evident. Those who know in this manner are likewise of two types, for that knowledge

Bālī Zāde

﴿من يعلم ذلك﴾

مبتدأ أي سر القدر أو العلم المذكور

subject, i.e., the secret of the decree, or the aforementioned knowledge,

al-Qāshānī

﴿ومنهم من يعلمه مفصلا فالذي يعلمه مفصلا على وأتم من الذي يعلمه مجملا﴾

وهو العالم بالكشف والعيان

namely, the one who knows it by unveiling (kashf) and direct witnessing (ʿiyān).

Bālī Zāde

﴿مجملا ومنهم من يعلمه﴾

أي يعلم علم الله به او سر القدر

that is, he knows God's knowledge of him, or the secret of the decree,

Bālī Zāde

﴿مفصلا والذي يعلمه مفصلا أعلى وأتم من الذي يعلمه مجملا فإنه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي فإن الذي يعلم سر القدر مفصل

that is, for the one who knows the secret of the decree in detail,

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.