Mashrabaمشربة

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One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ مُهَيَّمِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِبْرَاهِيمِيَّةٍ

←→Read ¶9 in the text

9 · 83 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

وَمَا مِنَّآ إِلَّا لَهُۥ مَقَامٌ مَّعْلُومٌ وَهُوَ مَا كُنتَ بِهِ فِي ثُبُوتِكَ ظَهَرْتَ بِهِ فِي وُجُودِكَ هَذَا إِن ثَبَتَ أَنَّ لَكَ وُجُودًا فَإِن ثَبَتَ أَنَّ الوُجُودَ لِلْحَقِّ لَا لَكَ فَالحُكْمُ لَكَ بِلا شَكٍّ فِي وُجُودِ الحَقِّ وَإِن ثَبَتَ أَنَّكَ المَوْجُودُ فَالحُكْمُ لَكَ بِلا شَكٍّ وَإِن كَانَ الحَاكِمُ الحَقُّ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا إِفَاضَةُ الوُجُودِ عَلَيْكَ وَالحُكْمُ لَكَ عَلَيْكَ فَلَا تَحْمَدُ إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ وَلَا تَذُمَّ إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ وَمَا يَبْقَى لِلْحَقِّ إِلَّا حَمْدُ إِفَاضَةِ الوُجُودِ لِأَنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَهُ لَا لَكَ فَأَنْتَ غِذَاؤُهُ بِالأَحْكَامِ وَهُوَ غِذَاؤُكَ بِالْوُجُودِ

"There is none of us but has a known station" [Q 37:164]. And it is that by which you were in your immutable fixity [and] by which you became manifest in your existence — that is, if it is established that you have existence. For if it is established that existence belongs to the Real, not to you, then the ruling property belongs to you, without doubt, within the existence of the Real. And if it is established that you are the existent, then the ruling property belongs to you, without doubt. And even if the one who rules is the Real, He has nothing but the effusion of existence upon you, while the ruling over you belongs to you. So praise none but yourself, and blame none but yourself; and nothing remains for the Real but praise for the effusion of existence, because that belongs to Him, not to you. Thus you are His nourishment through the rulings, and He is your nourishment through existence.

On the whole passage · 2 of 6

al-Jandī

﴿وهو ما كنت به في ثبوتك ظهرت به في وجودك ، هذا إن ثبت أنّ لك وجودا ، فإن ثبت أنّ الوجود للحق لا لك ، فالحكم لك بلا شك في وجود الحق ، وإن ثبت أنّك الموجود ، فالحكم لك بلا شكّ . وإن كان الحاكم الحقّ ، فليس له إلَّا إفاضة الوجود عليك ، والحكم لك عليك ، فلا تحمّد إلَّا نفسك ولا تذّم إلَّا نفسك ، وما يبقى للحق إلَّا حمد إفاضة الوجود ، لأنّ ذلك له لا لك﴾

يعني رضي الله عنه : أنّ الله تعالى إنّما يخاطب عباده على قدر فهمهم وبحسب ما تواطئوا عليه ، إنّ الله لو تعلَّقت مشيّته بهداية الجميع ، أو بإذهاب الجميع ، لهداهم جميعا ، أو أذهبهم جميعا ، هذا مبلغ علوم أهل العموم من المخاطبين ، لاقتصارهم في نظرهم على ظاهر المفهوم من كمال القدرة والإرادة ، وهو نصف البحث ، فلو رزقوا العثور على الشطر الآخر ، لفازوا بإدراك الأمر على ما هو عليه ، وهو مقتضى الكشف بأنّ المشيّة لا تتعلَّق إلَّا بمقتضى الحكمة . والعلم والحكمة يعطيان أن ليس في قوّة استعداد الجمع وقابليتهم صلاحية الهداية ، بل في البعض ، فتعلَّقت المشيّة بهداية المهتدين بنوره ، لما في استعدادهم لقبول نور الهداية ، والذي لم يستعدّ للهداية في حقيقته وخصوصية عينه الثابتة ، لم تتعلَّق بهدايته المشيّة ، فلم يهتد ، وهذا مقتضى الكشف الصحيح والحقّ الصريح الرجيح . فرزق الله أهل الكشف والتحقيق الاطَّلاع على هذا السرّ وهو سرّ القدر فنزع بذلك عن قلوبنا غلّ الاعتراض على الله بالجهل ، كما اعترض أهل الحجاب من الجمهور في أفعاله وأوامره وأحكامه ، ونسبوا إلى الله الظلم ، وأجاز بعضهم الظلم من الله تعالى على خلقه ، لأنّهم تحت تصرّفه وهو موجدهم وربّهم ، فله الحكم ، وعدّل منه الظلم ، وكلّ ما قالوا جهل بالحقائق ، لأنّ حقيقة الظلم لا تنقلب عدلا ، ثمّ الحكيم لا يريد ولا يفعل إلَّا ما اقتضته حكمته ، فهو لا يكلَّف نفسا إلَّا وسعها ، ولا يطلبها إلَّا ما آتاها ، وإلَّا فما هو بحكيم ، وحكم بخلاف حكمته وعلمه ، والله تعالى حكيم ، فهو لا يسومنا ما ليس فينا ، فافهم. وهذا بيّن فللَّه الحجّة البالغة ، فما منّا أحد إلَّا له مقام معلوم ، فنحن معاشر أهل الكشف والشهود بحمد الله لم نقف مع علوم هؤلاء المجتهدين ، فكشف لنا بحمد الله ما وراء هذا السرّ ، وذلك بمقتضى أعياننا الثابتة في العلم الأزلي ، فالحكم للعين فينا إن كان لنا وجود حقيقي على ما تقرّر ، وإن لم يكن لنا وجود ، فالحكم لنا علينا أيضا كما مرّ مرارا ، فادّكر ، فما يصل إليك نور الوجود إلَّا بموجب استعدادك . فإن كان على الوجه الأكمل ، فلا تحمد إلَّا نفسك ، فإنّها صورة شأن إلهي من الشؤون ، وإن وجدت غير ذلك فلا تلومنّ إلَّا نفسك ،وليس لله تعالى إلَّا حمد إفاضة الوجود ، وليس للوجود إلَّا إظهار ما كنت عليه وكان فيك منك أزلا ، فافهم . قال رضي الله عنه

belongs to you over you — so praise none but yourself, and blame none but yourself; nothing remains for the Real except the praise due to the effusion of existence, for that belongs to Him, not to you.] He (may God be pleased with him) means: God Almighty addresses His servants only according to the measure of their understanding and in accordance with what they have mutually agreed upon [in usage]. [He means:] if God's will attached to guiding everyone, or to leading everyone astray, He would have guided them all, or led them all astray — this is the extent of the knowledge of the generality among those addressed, since they confine their view to the apparent sense understood from the perfection of [divine] power and will, which is [only] half of the inquiry. Had they been granted discovery of the other half, they would have attained a grasp of the matter as it truly is — which is the requirement of unveiling (kashf): that the [divine] will attaches only in accordance with wisdom. Knowledge and wisdom indicate that the capacity for guidance is not within the power and receptivity of the collectivity, but rather in some; so the [divine] will attached to the guidance of those guided by His light, because of what was in their preparedness (istiʿdād) to receive the light of guidance, whereas one who was not prepared for guidance in his reality and the particularity of his fixed entity (ʿayn thābita) — the [divine] will did not attach to his guidance, so he was not guided. This is the requirement of sound unveiling and of manifest, preponderant truth. God granted the people of unveiling and verification insight into this secret, which is the secret of destiny (qadar), and thereby removed from our hearts the rancor of objecting to God out of ignorance — as the veiled among the generality object regarding His acts, His commands, and His judgments, attributing injustice to God; some of them even permitted [the ascription of] injustice to God Almighty toward His creation, on the grounds that they are under His disposal and He is their Creator and Lord, so the judgment is His, and they excused the injustice [as not truly unjust from Him]. But all they said is ignorance of the realities, for the reality of injustice does not transform into justice. Moreover, the Wise does not will or do except what His wisdom requires; He does not charge a soul beyond its capacity, nor does He demand of it except what He has given it — otherwise He would not be wise, and would have judged contrary to His wisdom and knowledge. But God Almighty is Wise, so He does not impose upon us what is not within us. Understand. This is clear, for God's is the conclusive argument; there is none of us but has a known station. We, the company of the people of unveiling and witnessing — praise be to God — did not stop with the knowledge of these [ordinary] strivers, for God, praised be He, disclosed to us what lies beyond this secret: namely, that this is in accordance with our fixed entities (aʿyān thābita) established in the eternal knowledge. So the judgment belongs to the entity (ʿayn) within us, if we have a real existence as has been established; and if we have no [independent] existence, then the judgment still belongs to us against ourselves, as has been repeated many times — so recall this. The light of existence reaches you only according to your preparedness (istiʿdād). If it is in the most perfect mode, then praise none but yourself, for it is the form of a divine affair among the [divine] affairs (shuʾūn); and if you find otherwise, then blame none but yourself. God Almighty has nothing but the praise due to the effusion of existence, and existence has nothing but the manifestation of what you were and what was within you, from you, eternally. Understand. He (may God be pleased with him) said:

Jāmī

﴿هذا إن ثبت أن لك وجودا. فإن ثبت أن الوجود للحق لا لك، فالحكم لك بلا شك في وجود الحق. و إن ثبت أنك الموجود فالحكم لك بلا شك. و إن كان الحاكم الحق، فليس له إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك و الحكم لك عليك. فلا تحمد إلا نفسك و لا تذم إلا نفسك، و ما يبقى للحق إلا حمد إفاضة الوجود لأن ذلك له لا لك. فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام، %~% و هو غذاؤك بالوجود. فتعين عليه ما تعين عليك. فالأمر منه إليك ومنك إليه.﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

(هذا) ، أي ظهورك في وجودك لما كنت به في ثبوتك لنا يصح

'This,' i.e., your manifestation in your existence as what you were in your fixity, is valid for us to establish

al-Qāshānī

﴿وما منا إلا له مقام معلوم﴾

فمن كان مقامه الوقوف مع العقل والمعقول في حال عينه فله التدبير لا يتعداه ، ومن أعطاه عينه الوقوف على سر القدر بالكشف فلا يعترض على الله بالجهل ، ولا يتعرض لتدبير تغيير القدر ( وهو ) أي اختصاص كل واحد منا بمقام معلوم لا يتخطاه ، هو هذا المعنى قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

so whoever's station is to stand with the intellect and the intelligible in the state of his entity (ʿayn) — governance (tadbīr) belongs to him, and he does not go beyond it; and whoever's entity grants him the standing upon the secret of destiny (sirr al-qadar) through disclosure (kashf) does not object to God out of ignorance, nor does he undertake to govern a change of destiny. (And it is), that is, the specification of each one of us with a known station that he does not transgress — that is this very meaning. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وما منا إلا له مقام معلوم﴾

أي مرتبة معلومة معينة في علم الله، لا يتعداها ولا يتجاوز عنه فمن كان مقامه في العلم ومقتضى عينه أن يكون وافقا على مقتضى عقله أو وهمه، لا يزال يكون تحت حكم التدبير. ومن كان مقامه أن يكون مطلعا على أحوال الوجود واقفا على سر القدر مكاشفا له، يكون منقاد الحكم التقدير، فلا يعترض بالباطن على أحد من خلق الله ، وإن كان يأمر وينهى في الظاهر. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

That is, a known, determinate rank in God's knowledge, which he does not exceed or transgress. So whoever's station in knowledge—and the requirement of his entity (ʿayn)—is to be in conformity with the dictates of his reason or his estimation (wahm) remains perpetually under the ruling of management (tadbīr, i.e., discursive governance). And whoever's station is to be apprised of the states of existence, standing upon the secret of the divine decree, unveiling it, becomes submissive to the ruling of predetermination (taqdīr), and so does not object inwardly to any of God's creatures, even though outwardly he commands and forbids. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿" وَما مِنَّا إِلَّا لَه ُ مَقامٌ مَعْلُومٌ " [ 37 / 164 ] وهو ما كنت به في ثبوتك ، ظهرت به في وجودك هذا - إن ثبت أنّ لك وجودا﴾

على ما هو ذوق مقام قرب النوافل

— and that is what you were by in your fixity, and through which you became manifest in this existence of yours — if it is established that you have an existence] according to the taste proper to the station of the proximity of supererogatory works (qurb al-nawāfil)

Jāmī

﴿وما منا إلا له مقام معلوم﴾

و مرتبة معينة في علم الله تعالى لا يتعداها ولا يتجاوز عنها. فمن كان مقامه مضيق العقل يبقى أبدا محبوسا فيه . ومن كان مقامه متسع الكشف يترقی دائما في مدارجه و مراقيه . (وهو) أي المقام المعلوم

a specific rank in God's knowledge, exalted be He, which it does not exceed or go beyond. So whoever's station is the narrowness of reason remains forever confined within it, while whoever's station is the expanse of unveiling continually ascends in its degrees and stages. 'And it' — i.e., the known station —

Bālī Zāde

﴿"منا إلا له مقام معلوم"﴾

في علم الله تعالى لا يتعداه في العلم . فعلم بعضنا بنظر العقل ولا يتعدى عن حكم العقل. وعلم بعضنا بالكشف والاطلاع على سير القدر ولا يتعدى عن حكومة سر القدر . (وهو) أي المقام المعلوم لك

["among us except he has a known station"] in the knowledge of God Most High, which he does not transgress in knowledge. So the knowledge of some of us is by rational consideration and does not transgress the ruling of reason. And the knowledge of some of us is by unveiling and witnessing the course of destiny (qadar), and does not transgress the governance of the secret of destiny. (And it) i.e., the known station for you

al-Qāshānī

﴿ما كنت به في ثبوتك ظهرت به في وجودك﴾

كقوله تعالى : "مَثَلُ الْجَنَّةِ الَّتِي وُعِدَ الْمُتَّقُونَ تَجْرِي من تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهارُ ". أي هذا الكلام

As in His saying, the Exalted: "The likeness of the Garden which the God-fearing are promised: beneath it rivers flow." That is, this discourse [applies thus].

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وهو ما كنت به في ثبوتك، ظهرت به في وجودك﴾

(وهو) أي ذلك المقام هو ماكنت في عينك ملتبسة متصفة به في حال ثبوتك في الحضرة العلمية، و ظهرت في الوجود الخارجي أيضا على حسبها. فهذا الحكم عام لجميع الأعيان،لا الملائكة فقط، كما أخبروا عن أنفسهم. فالضمير مبتدأ، خبره مجموع ما بعده من الجملتين، أي (مقامك) هذا المعنى. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

(That) i.e., that station is what you were in your entity, characterized and qualified by it in the state of your fixity in the Presence of Knowledge, and you became manifest in external existence also according to it. This ruling is general for all entities, not for the angels alone, as they reported of themselves. So the pronoun (huwa) is the subject, its predicate being the sum of what follows in the two clauses—i.e., (your station) is this meaning. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿ما كنت﴾

أي مقام كنت ملتبس

i.e., the station in which you were clothed

Bālī Zāde

﴿ما كنت … به في ثبوتك﴾

في علم الله . (ظهرت) منصف

in God's knowledge. (You manifested) as one distinguished

Words 10–11 · 1 of 6

بِهِ فِي

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿به في﴾

حال (ثبوتك) في الحضرة العلمية (ثم ظهرت) متلبس

state of 'fixity' in the cognitive Presence; 'then you manifested' clothed

Jāmī

﴿به في وجودك العيني﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

الخارجي مطابقة في الحضرة العلمية. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

external, in correspondence with the cognitive Presence. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿به في وجودك﴾

الخارجي (هذا) أي كون المقام بهذا المعنى. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

the external one. (This) i.e., that the station has this meaning. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qāshānī

﴿هذا إن تثبت أن لك وجودا﴾

أي باعتبار تعينك ، فإن التعين هو الذي سوغ نسبة الوجود الخاص الإضافي إليك . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

if it is established that you have existence] that is, by consideration of your entification (taʿayyun), for it is entification that validates the ascription of the particular, relational existence to you. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿هذا إن ثبت أن لك وجودا﴾

أي الأمر هذا إن كان الوجود الخارجي للأعيان بحكم ظهورها في مرآة الحق. وليس المراد بقوله

That is, the matter is thus, if the external existence of the entities is by virtue of their manifestation in the mirror of the Real. What is not meant by his saying:

﴿إن ثبت أن لك وجودا﴾

أن لك وجودا حقيقيا مغايرا للوجود المطلق الحقاني، فيتعدد الوجود بحسب مهيته. فإن الوجود حقيقة واحدة، ليس فيها تعدد أصلا. كما مر في صدر الكتاب. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

is that you have a real existence distinct from the Absolute Real existence, such that existence would be multiplied according to quiddity (māhiyya). For existence is a single reality, in which there is no multiplicity whatsoever, as was mentioned at the opening of the book. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

﴿إن ثبت﴾

في الموضعين، ليس لكونه شاكا في كيفية الأمر، بل تنبيها على ظهور مراتب الوجود، كما مر مرارا

in both instances, is not because he was in doubt as to how the matter stands, but rather as an alert to the manifestation of the levels (marātib) of existence, as has been mentioned repeatedly.

Jāmī

﴿إن ثبت أن لك وجودا﴾

على أن يكون وجود الحق سبحانه مرآة الأعيان والظاهر فيها الأعيان

on the basis that the existence of the Real, be He exalted, is the mirror of the entities, and what is manifest in it are the entities.

Bālī Zāde

﴿أن ثبت أن لك وجودا فإن ثبت أن الوجود للحق لا لك . فالحكم لك بلا شك في وجود الحق﴾

أي فإن كنت معدوما باقيا في حال عدمك والظاهر الحق في مرآة وجودك فأنت تحكم على الله بما في عينك في وجود الحق

i.e., if you were nonexistent remaining in the state of your nonexistence, with the Real manifest in the mirror of your existence, then you would be ruling over God by what is in your entity (ʿayn), in the existence of the Real

al-Qāshānī

﴿فإن ثبت أن الوجود للحق﴾

كما هو على الحقيقة

as it is in truth

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإن ثبت أن الوجود للحق، لا لك﴾

أي وإن كان هذا الوجود الخارجي للحق بحكم ظهوره في مرايا الأعيان. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

That is, and if this external existence belongs to the Real by virtue of His manifestation in the mirrors of the entities. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿وإن ثبت أنّ الوجود للحقّ - لا لك -﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

- على ما هو ذوق مقام قرب الفرائض - ( فالحكم بلا شك لك في وجود الحقّ ) في هذا المقام أيضا ، فإنّ صاحب الحكم إنّما هو العين

according to the taste proper to the station of the proximity of obligatory works (qurb al-farāʾiḍ) — (then the ruling, without doubt, belongs to you in the existence of the Real) in this station too, for the possessor of the ruling is indeed the entity (al-ʿayn)

Jāmī

﴿فإن ثبت أن الوجود للحق لا لك﴾

بأن تكون الأعيان مرئي لوجود الحق فيكون الظاهر هو الوجود الحق لا الأعيان التي هي كالمرائي له

such that the entities are what is seen (marʾī) for the existence of the Real present within them, so that what is manifest is the existence of the Real, not the entities, which are like mirrors for it.

al-Qāshānī

﴿لا لك ، فالحكم لك بلا شك في وجود الحق﴾

باعتبار عينك وما هي عليه . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

by consideration of your entity (ʿayn) and what it is in itself. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فالحكم لك بلا شك في وجود الحق﴾

وذلك لأن وجود الحق من حيث هو هو واحد لا تعدد فيه، فالتعدد والتنوع والاختلاف من أحكام مرايا الأعيان في الوجود الحقاني. وقوله

This is because the existence of the Real, in respect of His very identity, is one, with no multiplicity in it; so multiplicity, diversity, and difference are among the rulings (aḥkām) of the mirrors of the entities within the Real's existence. And his saying:

Jāmī

﴿فالحكم لك﴾

أي الحاكم بها على وجودك أنت من حيث عينك الثابتة

i.e., the one judging through them upon your existence is you, from the standpoint of your fixed entity (ʿayn thābita),

Words 32–34 · 1 of 6

بِلا شَكٍّ فِي

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿بلا شك … في وجود الحق﴾

فقد أخذ الحق تعالی من علمه بك

for the Real, exalted be He, has taken from His knowledge of you

al-Qāshānī

﴿في وجود الحق ، وإن ثبت أنك الموجود﴾

هذا هو القسم الأول أورده لبيان أحكامه فالحكم لك بلا شك اهـ بالى. "" قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

this is the first division, which he introduced in order to explain its rulings: "then the judgment belongs to you without doubt" - end of Bālī's [commentary]. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qāshānī

﴿وإن ثبت أنك الموجود﴾

بالحقيقة بوجود إفاضة الحق عليك وأوجدك به في الخارج وأنت موجود في عالم الغيب بوجود علمي هو وجود عينك الأزلي. "" من حاشية تعليقات بالى أفندي

in truth, by the existence that is the effusion (fayḍ) of the Real upon you, who brought you into existence thereby in the external [realm], while you are existent in the world of the unseen with a knowledge-based existence, which is the existence of your eternal entity." From the marginal commentary of Bālī Efendi

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وإن ثبت أنك الموجود﴾

أي، بالوجود الفائض عليك من الحق تعالى. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

That is, by the existence effused upon you from the Real, exalted is He. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿وإن ثبت﴾

على التقديرين - وهو مقام الجمعيّة بين القربين -

— on either supposition — and this is the station of comprehensive unity between the two proximities —

Jāmī

﴿وإن ثبت … أنك الموجود﴾

بالوجود الفائض (فالحكم) أيض

through the effusing existence, 'then the judgment' also belongs

Bālī Zāde

﴿وإن ثبت أنك الموجود﴾

هذا هو القسم الأول أورده لبيان أحكامه

this is the first division he presented to clarify its rulings

Ibn Turka

﴿أنّك الموجود فالحكم لك بلا شك ، وإن كان الحاكم﴾

في سائر المقامات حقيقة هو ( الحقّ ) والفرق بيّن بين ذي الحكم والحاكم عند اللبيب ، والأعيان ذوو الأحكام - والحاكم إنما هو الحق ، فإنّه إنما يتحقّق الأحكام بالوجود ، وهو منه . الأمر منك إليك

in the remaining stations is in reality (the Real) — the distinction is clear, for the intelligent, between the possessor of the ruling and the ruler: the entities are the possessors of the rulings, while the ruler is only the Real, for it is only through existence that the rulings are actualized, and existence is from Him. The matter is from you, to you —

al-Qāshānī

﴿فالحكم لك بلا شك ، وإن كان الحاكم الحق﴾

الذي أوجدك على الصفة التي أنت عليها في الوجود الخارجي فإن حكم الله هو الذي أعطاه عينك . فقوله : وإن كان الحاكم الحق ، شرط محذوف الجزاء ، لدلالة قوله : فالحكم لك بلا شك عليه. "" من حاشية تعليقات بالى أفندي

who brought you into existence according to the description upon which you are in external existence, for God's judgment is that which gave your entity [its determination]. So his statement "even though the Judge is the Real" is a conditional clause whose apodosis is elided, since it is indicated by his statement "then the judgment belongs to you without doubt." From the marginal commentary of Bālī Efendi

﴿فالحكم لك بلا شك﴾

أي فإن كنت معدوما باقيا في حال عدمك والظاهر الحق في مرآة وجودك ، فأنت تحكم على الله بما في عينك

that is, if you remained nonexistent in the state of your nonexistence, with the Real manifest in the mirror of your existence, then you are the one who passes judgment upon God according to what is in your entity

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فالحكم لك بلا شك﴾

في ذلك الوجود بحسب عينك. ولا ينبغي يتوهم أنغير الحق حاكم عليه، تعالى عن ذلك علوا كبيرا، بل الحق يحكم على وجوده في مرتبة من مراتبه التفصيلية، فلا شئ غيره في الوجود. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

in that existence, according to your entity. One should not suppose that other than the Real is a ruler over it—He is exalted far above that, greatly exalted—rather, the Real rules over His existence in one of His detailed levels, so there is nothing other than Him in existence. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿لك بلا شك﴾

فالحكم في الصورتين لك تارة على وجود الحق وتارة على وجودك

so the judgment, in both cases, belongs to you — sometimes upon the existence of the Real, and sometimes upon your own existence.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فالحكم لك بلا شك﴾

أي إن كنت موجودة في مرآة الحق فأنت تحكم عليك بك في وجودك

i.e., if you were existent in the mirror of the Real, then you would be ruling over yourself, by yourself, in your existence

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وإن كان الحاكم الحق، فليس له إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك والحكم لك عليك﴾

أي وإن قلنا إن الحق هو الحاكم بحسب مقامه الجمعي على مقاماته التفصيلية المنعوتة بالعبودية، فليس للحق بحسب مقامه الجمعي إلا إفاضة الوجود على مظاهره العلمية المسماة ب (الأعيان) لتوجد في الخارج. وتلك الإفاضة أيضا تطلب الأعيان واستعداداتها، فالحكم في الحقيقة منك وعليك. ويجوز أن يكون قوله

That is, even if we say that the Real is the Ruler by virtue of His all-comprehensive station (maqām jamʿī) over His detailed stations qualified by servanthood (ʿubūdiyya), yet the Real, by virtue of His all-comprehensive station, has nothing but to effuse existence upon His loci of knowledge-manifestation (maẓāhir ʿilmiyya) termed (the entities), so that they may come to exist externally. And that effusion also is sought by the entities and their preparednesses; so the ruling, in reality, is from you and over you. And it is permissible that his saying:

﴿وإن كان الحاكم الحق﴾

للمبالغة. وقوله

be for emphasis (mubālagha). And his saying:

Jāmī

﴿وإن كان الحاكم الحق﴾

واعتبر كونه حاكم

considering Him as Judge,

Bālī Zāde

﴿وإن كان الحاكم﴾

عليك في ذلك المقام

[Text: And if the judge (upon you in that station) is

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فليس له إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك … وإن ثبت أنك الموجود، فالحكم لك بلاشك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي فالحكم لك بلا شك على تقدير أنك الموجود بالوجود الفائض عليك، وإن كان الحاكم في الحقيقة هو الحق. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

that is, the ruling belongs to you without doubt, on the supposition that you are the existent by the existence effused upon you, even though the Ruler in reality is the Real. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿فليس له إلَّا إفاضة الوجود عليك ، والحكم لك عليك ، فلا تحمد إلَّا نفسك﴾

إن اهتدت إلى كمالاتها -

if it has been guided to its perfections —

Jāmī

﴿فليس له سبحانه إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

و على أحوالك لا اتحاد حكم أو أثر لا تقتضيه عينك والحكم بخصوصية كل حكم وأثر . (لكن) من حيث عينك الثابتة لا للحق , فإنه لا حكم للمطلق بخصوصيات الأحكام (عليك) في وجودك العيني لا عليه إلا من حيث ظهوره فيك واتحاده بك "سريانه فيك"

and upon your states — not any unification of judgment or effect that your entity does not require, nor the specific character of each judgment and effect — 'but' from the standpoint of your fixed entity, not for the Real, for the Absolute has no judgment through the specificities of judgments 'upon you' in your concrete existence — nor upon Him except from the standpoint of His manifestation within you and His union with you [i.e. His pervasion within you].

Bālī Zāde

﴿الحق فليس له إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك﴾

أي فليس للحق من الحكم عليك إلا إفاضة الرجود عليك فقط لا غير وما عدا ذلك كله لك عليك. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

i.e., the Real has no ruling over you except the effusion (ifāḍa) of existence upon you alone, nothing else - and all besides that belongs to you over you. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Words 50–54 · 1 of 6

لَهُ إِلَّا إِفَاضَةُ الوُجُودِ عَلَيْكَ

Only al-Qāshānī comments here.

al-Qāshānī

﴿فليس إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك﴾

كلام كالنتيجة لازم الشرطية المذكورة ، أي لزم أنه ليس للحق إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك لا الحكم ، والحكم لك عليك ، ويجوز أن يكون جواب الشرط قوله : فليس له إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك ، أي وإن كان الحاكم في إيجادك الحق بقوله كن ، فليس له إلا إفاضة الوجود عليك ، والحكم بكيفيته لك عليك . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

a statement that functions as the necessary consequence of the aforementioned conditional, that is, it follows that the Real has nothing but the effusion of existence upon you, not the judgment, while the judgment belongs to you, over you. And it is also possible that the apodosis of the conditional is his statement "there remains nothing but the effusion of existence upon you," that is: even though the Judge in bringing you into existence is the Real through His word "Be," yet there remains for Him nothing but the effusion of existence upon you, while the judgment, in its mode, belongs to you, over you. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qāshānī

﴿والحكم لك عليك﴾

على كلا التقديرين غير إفاضة الوجود ، وذلك أيضا من طلبك من الله ولولا طلبك لما أفاض اهـ بالى "" وقوله رضي الله عنه

on both suppositions, apart from the effusion of existence; and that too is from your asking of God, for had it not been for your asking, He would not have effused [existence] - end of Bālī. And his saying, may God be pleased with him:

Bālī Zāde

﴿والحكم لك عليك﴾

على كلا التقديرين غير إفاضة الوجود وذلك أيضا من طلبك من الله ولولا طلبك لما أفاضه فإذا كان رجوع الحكم منك إليك . (فلا يحمد) عند ورود الحكم الملائم لطبعك إلا نفسك ولا تذم) عند ورود الحكم الغير الملائم لطبعك

on either supposition, apart from the effusion of existence - and that too results for you from God by the demand of your own entity (ʿayn); and were it not for your demand, He would not have effused it. So since the return of the ruling is from you to you, (then do not praise), when a ruling suited to your nature occurs, anyone but yourself, (and do not blame)

al-Qāshānī

﴿فلا تحمد إلا نفسك﴾

أي إن اقتضت عينك الكمال والكشف والمعرفة بحقيقة الأمر على ما هو عليه ، فإنها صورة شأن من الشؤون الإلهية الأزلية

that is, if your entity requires perfection, unveiling, and knowledge of the reality of the matter as it truly is, for it is the form of one of the eternal divine affairs (shuʾūn)

﴿فلا تحمد﴾

عنه ورود الحكم الملائم لطبعك

[Him] for the arrival of a judgment suited to your nature

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فلا تحمد إلا نفسك ولا تذم إلا نفسك﴾

فإن خيرك وشرك منك وعليك، بحسب اقتضاء عينك. ولذلك يترتب الثواب والعقاب على أفعالك. وهذا في مقابلة ما يثبته الموحد بغلبة الوحدة عليه من أن الحمد والذم والخير والشر منه، ولاوجود لغيره ولا فعل ولا صفة. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

For your good and your evil are from you and upon you, according to what your entity requires. That is why reward and punishment follow upon your acts. This is in contrast to what the one affirming unity (muwaḥḥid), overcome by the dominance of Oneness upon him, establishes—namely, that praise, blame, good, and evil are all from Him, and that there is no existence, act, or attribute for other than Him. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿فلا تحمد … إلا نفسك ولا تذم﴾

في المذام أيض

in blameworthy matters also

al-Qāshānī

﴿إلا نفسك ولا تذم﴾

عند ورود الحكم الغير الملائم لطبعك

yourself; and do not blame] upon the arrival of a judgment not suited to your nature

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلا نفسك﴾

فما حمدك وذمك إلا نفسك. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

when a ruling unsuited to your nature occurs - for nothing praises or blames you except yourself. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qāshānī

﴿ولا تذم إلا نفسك﴾

إن اقتضت النقص والحجاب . "" من حاشية تعليقات بالى أفندي

if it requires deficiency and veiling. From the marginal commentary of Bālī Efendi

Ibn Turka

﴿ولا تذمّ إلَّا نفسك … وما يبقى للحقّ﴾

في كلّ حال من تينك الحالتين المتقابلتين

in each of these two opposed states

Words 64–65 · 2 of 6

إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ

al-Qāshānī

﴿إلا نفسك﴾

اهـ بالى . "" قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

yourself] - end of Bālī. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿إلا نفسك﴾

فإن كل ما يصدر عنك من المحامد والمذام إنما هو مما تقتضيه عينك . وتطلب من الحق سبحانه إفاضة الوجود عليها فكل المحامد و المذام راجعة إليك

for everything that issues from you, whether praiseworthy or blameworthy, is only what your entity requires. And you seek from the Real, be He exalted, the effusion of existence upon it, so all praise and blame return to you.

al-Qāshānī

﴿وما بقي للحق إلا حمد إفاضة الوجود لأن ذلك له لا لك﴾

فإن الوجود ليس إلا له في الحقيقة أزلا وأبدا ، والحكم ما هو فيك أزلا من حيث إنك حقيقة من حقائق الجمع الإلهي ، وصورة من معلوماته وشئونه. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

for existence belongs to none but Him in reality, eternally and everlastingly, while the judgment is what is in you eternally, insofar as you are a reality among the realities of the Divine Comprehensiveness, and a form among His objects of knowledge and His affairs (shuʾūn). The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وما يبقى للحق إلا حمد إفاضة الوجود، لأن ذلك له لا لك﴾

فإن فيضان الوجود أزلا وأبدا لا يمكن إلا من مقام الجمع. ولا يناقض ماذكر من أن الحمد كله لله في أول الفص: فإن ذلك من مقام الوحدة، وهذا من مقام الكثرة. وفي هذا المقام يتعين للحق حمد إضافة الوجود، وحمد الكمالات والحسنات ترجع إلى الأعيان. وإذا علمت أنها أيضا مقاماته التفصيلية وليست غير الحق بالحقيقة، علمت أن الحمد كله لله جمعا وتفصيلا. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

For the flowing-forth (fayaḍān) of existence, eternally and perpetually, is possible only from the station of all-comprehensiveness (jamʿ). This does not contradict what was stated earlier, at the start of the chapter (faṣṣ), that all praise belongs to God—for that was from the station of Oneness (waḥda), while this is from the station of multiplicity (kathra). In this station, praise for the attribution (iḍāfa) of existence is specific to the Real, while praise for perfections and excellences reverts to the entities. And once you know that these too are His detailed stations and are not, in reality, other than the Real, you know that all praise belongs to God, both comprehensively and in detail. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿وما يبقى للحق … إلا حمد إفاضة الوجود﴾

عني عينك الثابتة و على أحوال عينك

concerning your fixed entity and concerning the states of your entity.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وما يبقى للحق … إلا حمد إفاضة الوجود﴾

وبذلك تفرق الرب من العبد

and by this the Lord is distinguished from the servant

al-Qāshānī

﴿حمد إفاضة الوجود﴾

وبذلك تفرق الرب من العبد

and thereby the Lord is distinguished from the servant

Ibn Turka

﴿إلَّا حمد إفاضة الوجود - لأنّ ذلك له ، لا لك - فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام﴾

بناء على أن الوجود الحقّ هو الظاهر بصور أحكام الأعيان ، مختفية فيه تلك الأحكام

based on the premise that true Existence is that which manifests in the forms of the determinations of the entities (aʿyān), those determinations being concealed within It

al-Qāshānī

﴿لأن ذلك له لا لك﴾

بل هو أيضا يحصل لك من الله بطلب عينك

rather, it too comes to you from God by the asking of your entity

Jāmī

﴿لأن ذلك﴾

إلى إفاضة (الوجود له) ، أي الحق سبحانه

referring to the effusion (of existence upon him), i.e., the Real, glory be to Him

Bālī Zāde

﴿لأن ذلك له لا لك﴾

بل هو أيضا يحصل لك من الله بطلب عينك فإذا كان الأمر على ما قلناه . قال رضي الله عنه : فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام، %~% و هو غذاؤك بالوجود. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

rather it too accrues to you from God by the demand of your own entity (ʿayn). Since the matter is as we have said - he, may God be pleased with him, said: You are His nourishment through rulings/judgments, while He is your nourishment through existence. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Words 76–77 · 1 of 6

لَا لَكَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿لا لك﴾

لأن ما لا وجود له في حد ذاته كيف يفيد الوجود على غيره

because that which has no existence in itself, how could it confer existence upon another?

al-Qāshānī

﴿فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام﴾

لأن الوجود الحق إنما يظهر بصور أحكام عينك وهي تخفى فيه ، فقد تغذى بصورة عينك الثابتة وجوده الذي ظهر . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

for the existence of the Real only manifests in the forms of the judgments of your entity, while they remain hidden within it; thus His existence that has manifested has been nourished by the form of your fixed entity. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

﴿فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام﴾

هذا ناظر إلى أن الوجود للحق ظهر في مرآة العبد اه بالى

this looks to the fact that existence belongs to the Real, manifesting in the mirror of the servant - end of Bālī

al-Jandī

﴿فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام﴾

يعني : أنّ الوجود الحقّ إنّما يظهر بصورة أحكام عينك ، فقد تغذّى بصورة العين الثابتة وجود ظهر فيك بحسبك . قال رضي الله عنه

He means: the existence of the Real manifests only in the form of the properties of your entity (ʿayn); so the existence that appeared in you, according to your measure, was nourished by the form of the fixed entity. He (may God be pleased with him) said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام وهو غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

أي إذا كان الحكم لك في الوجود، فأنت غذاء الحق، لظهور الأحكام الوجودية اللازمة لمرتبتك فيك، والحق غذائك بإفاضة الوجود عليك واختفائه فيك اختفاء الغذاء في المغتذى , واطلاق (الغذاء) هنا على سبيل المجاز. فإن الأعيان سبب ظهورات الأحكام الوجودية وبقائها، والحق سبب بقاء وجود الأعيان، كما أن الغذاء سبب بقاء المغتذى وقوامه وظهور كمالاته. ولكون الغذاء يختفي في المغتذى، جعل الحق غذاء الأعيان، فإنه اختفى فيها وأظهرها. وجعل الأعيان غذاء الحق لظهور الحق عند اختفاء الأعيان وفنائها فيه. "" كاختفاء النقطة بالحروف، إذ لا يرى في الظاهر غير تعينات الحرفية وأعيانها، واختفاء الحروف في النقطة، إذا الظهور والوجود كلها للنقطة وتعينات الحرفية اعتبارات. "" قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

That is, since the ruling belongs to you in existence, you are the nourishment of the Real, because the existential rulings necessitated by your level become manifest in you; and the Real is your nourishment by effusing existence upon you and being concealed within you, as nourishment is concealed within the nourished—this application of (nourishment) here being metaphorical. For the entities are the cause of the manifestation and persistence of the existential rulings, while the Real is the cause of the persistence of the existence of the entities, just as nourishment is the cause of the persistence and subsistence of the nourished and the manifestation of its perfections. And because nourishment is concealed within the nourished, the Real was made the nourishment of the entities, for He is concealed within them and makes them manifest. And the entities were made the nourishment of the Real, because of the Real's manifestation at the concealment and annihilation (fanāʾ) of the entities within Him— "" like the concealment of the point within the letters, since nothing is seen outwardly but the determinations (taʿayyunāt) of letter-forms and their entities, and the concealment of the letters within the point, since manifestation and existence all belong to the point, while the determinations of letter-forms are mere considerations (iʿtibārāt). "" The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿فأنت غذاؤه بالأحكام﴾

حين احتفيت فيه وأعطيته أحكامك، وذلك إذا كان الموجود المشهود هو الحق سبحانه والأعيان مرائي له

when you manifested in Him and gave Him your rulings, and that is when the existent witnessed is the Real, glory be to Him, and the entities (aʿyān) are mirrors for Him

Bālī Zāde

﴿فانت غذاؤه﴾

أي غذاء الحق (بالأحكام) هذا ناظر إلى أن الوجود للحق ظهر في مرآة العبد . (وهو) أي الحق

i.e., the nourishment of the Real (through the rulings/judgments) - this regards existence as belonging to the Real, manifest in the mirror of the servant. (And He) i.e., the Real

al-Qāshānī

﴿وهو غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

لأنك تظهر بوجوده ، ووجوده يخفى في صورة عينك الظاهرة ، فقد تغذيت بوجوده الذي ظهرت به . "" من حاشية تعليقات بالى أفندي

for you manifest through His existence, while His existence remains hidden in the form of your manifest entity; thus you have been nourished by His existence through which you have manifested. From the marginal commentary of Bālī Efendi

﴿وهو غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

هذا ناظر إلى أن الموجود للخلق ، لكنه ظهر في مرآة الحق. اهـ بالى "" قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

this looks to the fact that the existent belongs to creation, but it manifested in the mirror of the Real - end of Bālī. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Jandī

﴿وهو غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

يعني : لأنّك ظهرت بالوجود ، فإنّ أحكام عينك الثابتة لا تظهر إلَّا بالوجود ، كما أنّ الوجود لا يتعيّن ولا يظهر إلَّا بحسب تلك الأحكام . قال رضي الله عنه

He means: because you appeared through existence, for the properties of your fixed entity do not manifest except through existence, just as existence does not become determined (yataʿayyan) or manifest except according to those properties. He (may God be pleased with him) said:

Ibn Turka

﴿وهو غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

لأنّ العين هو الظاهر بالوجود ، وهو مختف فيه - اختفاء الغذاء في المغتذي

because the entity (ʿayn) is that which manifests through existence, and it is concealed within it - the concealment of nourishment within the nourished

Jāmī

﴿وهو غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

حين اختفی بوجوده فيك اختفاء الغذاء في المغتذي وأعطاك أحكامه وذلك إذا كان الموجود هو الأعيان فوجود الحق مرآة له

when He became concealed through His existence in you, the way nourishment is concealed in the one nourished, and gave you His rulings, and that is when the existent is the entities (aʿyān), so the existence of the Real is a mirror for them

Bālī Zāde

﴿غذاؤك بالوجود﴾

هذا ناظر إلى أن الوجود للخلق لكنه ظهر في مرآة الحق فإذا كنت غذاؤه بالأحكام وهو غذاؤك بالوجود

this regards existence as belonging to creation, yet manifest in the mirror of the Real. So since you are His nourishment through the rulings and He is your nourishment through existence

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.