Mashrabaمشربة

The commentators side by side

One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ حَقِّيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِسْحَاقِيَّةٍ

←→Read ¶9 in the text

9 · 75 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

وَلِهَذَا مَنْ رَآهُ بِهَذِهِ الصُّورَةِ يَأْخُذُ عَنْهُ جَمِيعَ مَا يَأْمُرُهُ بِهِ أَوْ يَنْهَاهُ أَوْ يُخْبِرُهُ كَمَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُ عَنْهُ فِي الحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الأَحْكَامِ عَلَى حَسَبِ مَا يَكُونُ مِنْهُ اللَّفْظُ الدَّالُّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ نَصٍّ أَوْ ظَاهِرٍ أَوْ مُجْمَلٍ أَوْ مَا كَانَ فَإِنْ أَعْطَاهُ شَيْئًا فَإِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ الشَّيْءَ هُوَ الَّذِي يَدْخُلُهُ التَّعْبِيرُ فَإِنْ خَرَجَ فِي الحِسِّ كَمَا كَانَ فِي الخَيَالِ فَتِلْكَ رُؤْيَا لَا تَعْبِيرَ لَهَا وَبِهَذَا القَدْرِ وَعَلَيْهِ اعْتَمَدَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الخَلِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَبَقِيُّ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ

For this reason, whoever sees him in this form takes from him everything he commands him to do, or forbids him, or informs him of, just as [people] used to take rulings from him in the life of this world, according to what the wording that indicates it is on his part: an explicit text (naṣṣ), an apparent [sense] (ẓāhir), an unspecified [expression] (mujmal), or whatever it might be. Then if he gives him something, that thing is what is subject to interpretation (taʿbīr). But if it comes out in the sensory [world] just as it was in imagination, then that is a vision that has no interpretation. It is upon this measure, and on it, that Abraham the Intimate Friend, upon him be peace, relied, and Baqī ibn Makhlad [as well].

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ولهذا من يراه بهذه الصورة، يأخذ منه جميع ما يأمره به أو ينهاه عنه أو يخبره، كما كان يأخذ عنه، صلى الله عليه وسلم، في الحياة الدنيا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

بلا تعبير وتغيير

without interpretation (taʿbīr) or alteration

Ibn Turka

﴿ولهذا من رآه بهذه الصورة يأخذ عنه جميع ما يأمر به أو ينهاه أو يخبره ، كما كان يأخذ عنه في الحياة الدنيا من الأحكام ، على حسب ما يكون منه اللفظ الدالّ عليه - من نصّ أو ظاهر أو مجمل أو ما كان﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فعلم أنّ صورته المرئيّة عليه السّلام خارجة عن مقتضى الرؤيا من التعبير

It is thus known that his seen form, peace be upon him, lies outside the scope of dream-interpretation (taʿbīr).

Jāmī

﴿ولهذا من رأه بهذه الصورة﴾

الجسدية المشابهة لصورته المدفونة في المدينة

the bodily form resembling his buried form in Medina

Bālī Zāde

﴿من رآه﴾

أي روح محمد عليه السلام (بهذه الصورة بأخذ) الرائي

— that is, the spirit of Muhammad, peace be upon him — ("in this form, takes") the seer...

Jāmī

﴿يأخذ جميع ما يأمره به أو ينهاه عنه أو يخبره كما كان يأخذ عنه﴾

عليه السلام (في الحياة الدنيا من الأحكام على حسب ما يكون، أي يوجب

(peace be upon him) (during worldly life, by way of rulings, according to whatever is) — i.e., according to whatever necessitates it

Bālī Zāde

﴿عنه جميع ما يأمره … او ينهاه عنه أو يخبره كما كان يأخذ عنه﴾

أي لو كان ذلك الرائي مع الرسول عليه السلام

— that is, as if that seer were with the Messenger, peace be upon him...

Bālī Zāde

﴿في الحياة الدنيا من الأحكام على حسب ما يكون﴾

أي على حسب الذي يصدر (منه). أي من الرسول عليه السلام

— that is, according to what proceeds (from him) — that is, from the Messenger, peace be upon him.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿من الأحكام على حسب ما يكون منه﴾

أي، يصدر منه

that is, what issues from him

al-Qayṣarī

﴿اللفظ الدال عليه، من نص أو ظاهر أو مجمل أو ما كان﴾

أي، ولكون المرئي عين محمد، صلوات الله عليه، في الحقيقة، يأخذ الرائي ما يحكم به من الأمر والنهى، أو يخبر عنه من الأخبار، كما كان يأخذ منه في الحياة الدنيا بلا تعبير ولا تغيير في معاني تلك الألفاظ الواقعة منه

that is, since the one seen is in reality the very entity (ʿayn) of Muḥammad, may God's blessings be upon him, the seer takes whatever ruling of command or prohibition he pronounces, or whatever report he gives, just as he would have taken it from him in earthly life, without interpretation or alteration in the meanings of those words issuing from him

Jāmī

﴿منه اللفظ الدال عليه﴾

أي عني ما يأخذه منه

i.e., concerning what he takes from him

Bālī Zāde

﴿اللفظ الدال عليه﴾

الضمير في عليه يرجع إلى م

— the pronoun in "ʿalayhi" refers to [the ruling]...

Jāmī

﴿من نص أو ظاهر أو مجمل أو ما كان﴾

أي أو أي شيء كان من أقسام اللفظ بلا تعبير ولا تأویل (كأن أعطاه)، أي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم و الرائي (شيئا) في المنام

i.e., or whatever type of wording it may be, without interpretation (taʿbīr) or exegesis (taʾwīl). (As if he, i.e., the Prophet (peace be upon him), gave the one who sees him) something in the dream

Bālī Zāde

﴿من نص او ظاهر او مجمل أو ما كان﴾

عليه بيان لما بخلاف ما إذا رای بغير هذه الصورة فإنه ما رأی روح محمد عليه السلام حتى يأخذ الأحكام عنه . وهذا علامة نصبها الله تعالى لعباده للفرق بين الرائي وغير الرائي حتى يتميز لهم الرائي من غير الرائي فمن رأى محمد عليه السلام بهذه الصورة

— upon it is an explanation of that [ruling], unlike the case where he sees him in a form other than this, for then he has not [truly] seen the spirit of Muhammad, peace be upon him, so as to take rulings from him. This is a sign that God, exalted is He, has established for His servants to distinguish between the [true] seer and the non-seer, so that the seer may be distinguished from the non-seer. So whoever sees Muhammad, peace be upon him, in this form...

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإن أعطاه﴾

أي، أعطى النبي، عليه السلام، له

that is, if the Prophet, peace be upon him, gives to him

Ibn Turka

﴿فإنّ أعطاه شيئا فإنّ ذلك الشيء هو الذي يدخله التعبير ، فإن خرج في الحسّ كما كان في الخيال﴾

لما في حقيقة الرائي من المقابلة والصفا كما علم

due to what is present in the reality of the seer of correspondence and purity, as is known.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإن أعطاه﴾

محمد عليه السلام في حضرة المنام

— Muhammad, peace be upon him, in the presence of the dream...

al-Qayṣarī

﴿شيئا، فإن ذلك الشئ هو الذي يدخله التعبير، فإن خرج﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، ذلك الشيء

that is, that thing

Jāmī

﴿فإن ذلك الشيء … هو الذي يدخله التعبير﴾

في بعض الصور (كأن خرج) ذلك الشيء

in some forms, (as if that thing) came out

Bālī Zāde

﴿شيئا فإن ذلك الشيء هو الذي بدخله التعبير﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

إن لم يخرج في الحس

— if it does not emerge in sensory reality.

Words 52–57 · 1 of 4

فَإِنْ خَرَجَ فِي الحِسِّ كَمَا كَانَ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإن خرج … في الحس كما كان في الخيال﴾

أي بصورة ما كان عليه في المنام

— that is, in the very form it had in the dream.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿في الحس، كما كان في الخيال، فتلك الرؤيا لا تعبير لها. وبهذا القدر وعليه اعتمد﴾

أي، اعتمد بهذا القدر وعليه (إبراهيم الخليل وتقى بن مخلد). أي، ما عبر كل منهما ما أراه الحق في رؤياه

just as it was in the imaginal [world], then that vision requires no interpretation. And it was to this extent, and upon this, that] that is, (Ibrāhīm al-Khalīl and Taqī ibn Makhlad) relied upon this extent and upon this. That is, neither of them interpreted what the Real showed him in his vision

Jāmī

﴿في الحس كما كان في الخيال … فتلك الرؤيا لا تعبير لها وبهذا القدر﴾

الذي هو قسم من الرؤيا حرم

which is one category of dream-vision, is forbidden

Ibn Turka

﴿فتلك رؤيا لا تعبير لها﴾

وهذا إنّما يوجد قليلا ، ( وبهذا القدر عليه اعتمد إبراهيم الخليل وتقي بن مخلد ) . تعبير رؤيا الحق تعالى في المنام

— this, however, is found but rarely. (It was upon this measure that Ibrāhīm al-Khalīl and Taqī ibn Makhlad relied.) The interpretation of the vision of the Real, Exalted, in dream-sleep.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فتلك الرؤيا لا تعبير لها وبهذا القدر﴾

أي وبسبب قدر وقوع بعض الرؤيا بلا تعبير (وعليه) أي وعلى قدر وقوعه (اعتمد إبراهيم عليه السلام وتقي بن مخلد) ما عبرا فصدقا رؤياهما هو سبب غفلة إبراهيم عليه السلام. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

— that is, because of the occurrence of some visions without need of interpretation — ("and upon this") — that is, upon the measure of its occurrence — ("Abraham, peace be upon him, and Baqī ibn Makhlad relied"); they did not interpret, and so they took their visions as literally true — this is the cause of Abraham's heedlessness, peace be upon him. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿وعليه اعتمد إبراهيم الخليل عليه السلام وتقي بن مخلد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

مع أن رؤياهما لم تكن من هذا القسم الذي يطلب التعبير

even though their visions were not of the category requiring interpretation

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.