Atlas
About this atlas
The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.
عبد الله الثاني
ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-Ḥusayn
Living, as of Oct 2026
King of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan; the Royal Hashemite Court calls him 'the 41st generation direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad'; exercising constitutional powers since February 1999
Sources for this person
The chain up to the Prophet
Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.
Route 1 of 2, the best-sourced: The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linessources differ
child of · The Prophet Muhammad to Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ · Two independent sources
Fāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Ehl-i Beyt article treats the Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn as the five of the 'people of the cloak' in the Shiʿi usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L36511-36513, L36569 · agreesFāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Prophet's line continues only through her.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L9942-9943 · agreesNames Fāṭima, daughter of the Messenger, as al-Ḥasan's mother.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- TDV reports a Sunni position that limits the Ahl al-Bayt to the Prophet's wives, and another that includes his descendants and the Banū Hāshim.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
- TDV reports the Shiʿi usage naming the five (Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, Ḥasan, Ḥusayn).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾفاطمة الزهراء632two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
child of · Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ to al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī · Two independent sources
Al-Ḥasan is the son of ʿAlī and Fāṭima; TDV says his descendants are called sharīf and al-Ḥusayn's sayyid (usage the article states).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L9942-9943 · agreesal-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī; mother Fāṭima, daughter of the Messenger.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L48962-48964 · agreesal-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī, called the Prophet's sibṭ; born Shaʿbān 3 AH.
al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlīالحسن بن علي669one sourcein The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linesomits: al-Ḥasan al-Muthannā, ʿAbd Allāh al-Maḥḍ and Mūsā al-Jawn (Ibn ʿInaba)sources differ
child of · al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī to Ḥasanī Sharifs of Mecca (Hāshimī house) · One source
TDV: the Mecca emirs descend from al-Ḥasan; the royal houses of Ḥijāz, Syria, Iraq and Jordan are from them. The generations are not given in TDV Hâşimîler as read.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, HâşimîlerChecked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2447-2490, L2551-2556 · agreesThe Hāshimī emirs of Mecca are Ḥasanid descendants of Mūsā al-Jawn; Qatāda b. Idrīs, also Ḥasanid, took Mecca in 597 per al-Baghdādī.
- Morimoto (ed.), Sayyids and Sharifs in Muslim Societies (Routledge 2012), ch.5 (Scarcia Amoretti), p.114 · agreesMūsā al-Jawn, brother of al-Nafs al-Zakiyya (4th gen.), is the ancestor of later amīrs of Makka (Ismāʿīl b. Yūsuf al-Ukhaydir line, 9th-10th gen.).
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Scarcia Amoretti's map notes place the Meccan amīrs among descendants of Mūsā al-Jawn (son of ʿAbdallāh al-Maḥḍ), i.e. through the Ḥasanid line, naming no Qatāda or Ḥashimī houses.Morimoto (ed.), Sayyids and Sharifs in Muslim Societies (Routledge 2012)
one sourcein The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linesomits: Sharif Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī and the intermediate generations (not traced here)sources differ
child of · Ḥasanī Sharifs of Mecca (Hāshimī house) to ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-Ḥusayn · One source
The Royal Hashemite Court's own page calls King Abdullah II the 41st generation direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad; the court's lineage page gives the Crown Prince as 42nd.
the community's own account: Royal Hashemite Court, 'About the King'Checked against
- Britannica, Hashimite (summary), web search 31 Oct 2026 · agreesSays the Hashemites are regarded by many Muslims as direct descendants of the Prophet; no generation number.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- A publisher's author biography gives 'forty-third generation'; the court's own pages say 41st. Counting conventions differ.Penguin Random House author page
ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-ḤusaynLiving, as of Oct 2026عبد الله الثاني
Other routes (1)
Route 2 of 2: The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
read the Qurʾān to · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · Two independent sources
Ibn al-Jazarī: the Companion read the Qurʾān to the Messenger of God (the isnād ends here in each chain).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3922Checked against
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L148 · agreesListed among the first ṭabaqa, those who read to the Messenger of God.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L156-L159 · agreesRijāl of ʿĀṣim: al-Sulamī took from ʿAlī, among others, from the Prophet.
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
child of · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī · Two independent sources
Son of ʿAlī.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L48962-48964 · agreesal-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L9941-9942 · agreesal-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlīالحسن بن علي669one sourcein The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linesomits: al-Ḥasan al-Muthannā, ʿAbd Allāh al-Maḥḍ and Mūsā al-Jawn (Ibn ʿInaba)sources differ
child of · al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī to Ḥasanī Sharifs of Mecca (Hāshimī house) · One source
TDV: the Mecca emirs descend from al-Ḥasan; the royal houses of Ḥijāz, Syria, Iraq and Jordan are from them. The generations are not given in TDV Hâşimîler as read.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, HâşimîlerChecked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2447-2490, L2551-2556 · agreesThe Hāshimī emirs of Mecca are Ḥasanid descendants of Mūsā al-Jawn; Qatāda b. Idrīs, also Ḥasanid, took Mecca in 597 per al-Baghdādī.
- Morimoto (ed.), Sayyids and Sharifs in Muslim Societies (Routledge 2012), ch.5 (Scarcia Amoretti), p.114 · agreesMūsā al-Jawn, brother of al-Nafs al-Zakiyya (4th gen.), is the ancestor of later amīrs of Makka (Ismāʿīl b. Yūsuf al-Ukhaydir line, 9th-10th gen.).
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Scarcia Amoretti's map notes place the Meccan amīrs among descendants of Mūsā al-Jawn (son of ʿAbdallāh al-Maḥḍ), i.e. through the Ḥasanid line, naming no Qatāda or Ḥashimī houses.Morimoto (ed.), Sayyids and Sharifs in Muslim Societies (Routledge 2012)
one sourcein The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linesomits: Sharif Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī and the intermediate generations (not traced here)sources differ
child of · Ḥasanī Sharifs of Mecca (Hāshimī house) to ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-Ḥusayn · One source
The Royal Hashemite Court's own page calls King Abdullah II the 41st generation direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad; the court's lineage page gives the Crown Prince as 42nd.
the community's own account: Royal Hashemite Court, 'About the King'Checked against
- Britannica, Hashimite (summary), web search 31 Oct 2026 · agreesSays the Hashemites are regarded by many Muslims as direct descendants of the Prophet; no generation number.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- A publisher's author biography gives 'forty-third generation'; the court's own pages say 41st. Counting conventions differ.Penguin Random House author page
ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-ḤusaynLiving, as of Oct 2026عبد الله الثاني
How to read the marks
- Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
- One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
- The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
- A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
- The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
- A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).
Who received from ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-Ḥusayn
No one is recorded below this person in the sources read.
How to cite
Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “ʿAbd Allāh II b. al-Ḥusayn”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/abdullah-ii (data of 31 October 2026).