Atlas
About this atlas
The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.
محمد خواجه الأمكنكي
Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī
In the order's own chain
Sources for this person
The chain up to the Prophet
Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.
Route 1 of 3, the best-sourced: Naqshbandiyya. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.
Sources differ on 10 links of this route.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- ʿUbaydullāh Aḥrārعبيد الله أحرار1490
two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · ʿUbaydullāh Aḥrār to Muḥammad al-Zāhid · Two independent sources
Order's own chain lists Muḥammad al-Zāhid after Aḥrār (state: order's own account).
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesMuḥammad Zāhed Vakhshī is named as one of Aḥrār's principal khalifas.
Muḥammad al-Zāhidمحمد الزاهدtwo sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Muḥammad al-Zāhid to Darwīsh Muḥammad · Two independent sources
Order's own chain.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesDarvīsh named as a khalifa of Muḥammad Zāhed Vakhshī.
Darwīsh Muḥammadدرويش محمدtwo sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Darwīsh Muḥammad to Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī · Two independent sources
Order's own chain.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesKhwājagī Muḥammad Amkanagī is son and disciple of Darvīsh.
Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakīمحمد خواجه الأمكنكي
Other routes (2)
Route 2 of 3: Naqshbandiyya
Sources differ on 9 links of this route.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- ʿUbaydullāh Aḥrārعبيد الله أحرار1490
two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · ʿUbaydullāh Aḥrār to Muḥammad al-Zāhid · Two independent sources
Order's own chain lists Muḥammad al-Zāhid after Aḥrār (state: order's own account).
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesMuḥammad Zāhed Vakhshī is named as one of Aḥrār's principal khalifas.
Muḥammad al-Zāhidمحمد الزاهدtwo sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Muḥammad al-Zāhid to Darwīsh Muḥammad · Two independent sources
Order's own chain.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesDarvīsh named as a khalifa of Muḥammad Zāhed Vakhshī.
Darwīsh Muḥammadدرويش محمدtwo sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Darwīsh Muḥammad to Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī · Two independent sources
Order's own chain.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesKhwājagī Muḥammad Amkanagī is son and disciple of Darvīsh.
Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakīمحمد خواجه الأمكنكي
Route 3 of 3: Naqshbandiyya
Sources differ on 8 links of this route.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- ʿUbaydullāh Aḥrārعبيد الله أحرار1490
two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · ʿUbaydullāh Aḥrār to Muḥammad al-Zāhid · Two independent sources
Order's own chain lists Muḥammad al-Zāhid after Aḥrār (state: order's own account).
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesMuḥammad Zāhed Vakhshī is named as one of Aḥrār's principal khalifas.
Muḥammad al-Zāhidمحمد الزاهدtwo sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Muḥammad al-Zāhid to Darwīsh Muḥammad · Two independent sources
Order's own chain.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesDarvīsh named as a khalifa of Muḥammad Zāhed Vakhshī.
Darwīsh Muḥammadدرويش محمدtwo sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Darwīsh Muḥammad to Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī · Two independent sources
Order's own chain.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesKhwājagī Muḥammad Amkanagī is son and disciple of Darvīsh.
Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakīمحمد خواجه الأمكنكي
How to read the marks
- Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
- One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
- The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
- A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
- The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
- A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).
Who received from Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī
1 recorded, each with the chain set it belongs to.
- Bāqī-Billāhالباقي بالله1603
two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī to Bāqī-Billāh · Two independent sources
Order's own chain; TDV says Bāqī-Billāh spread the order in India.
the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'İmâm-ı Rabbânî' (incl. Bâkī-Billâh)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'BĀQĪBELLĀH NAQŠBANDĪ' (Johan ter Haar), Vol. III, Fasc. 7, pp. 728-729 · agreesBāqībellāh formally initiated by Amkanagī, then sent as khalifa to India; also claims spiritual initiation from Naqshband.
How to cite
Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “Muḥammad Khwāja al-Amkanakī”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/khwaja-amkanaki (data of 31 October 2026).