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16 · 91 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

ولمَّا مَثَّلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ النُّبُوَّةَ بالحَائِطِ مِنَ اللَّبِنِ وقدْ كَمُلَ سِوى مَوْضِعِ لَبِنَةٍ فَكانَ صلى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ تِلْكَ اللَّبِنَةَ غَيْرَ أنَّهُ صلى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ لا يَراها إِلَّا كما قالَ لَبِنَةً واحِدَةً وأمَّا خاتَمُ الأَوْلِياءِ فلا بُدَّ لهُ مِنْ هذِهِ الرُّؤْيا فَيَرى ما مَثَّلَهُ بهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ ويَرى في الحَائِطِ مَوْضِعَ لَبِنَتَيْنِ واللَّبِنُ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وفِضَّةٍ فَيَرى اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ تَنْقُصُ الحَائِطَ عنهُما وَيَكْمُلُ بهِما لَبِنَةَ فِضَّةٍ وَلَبِنَةَ ذَهَبٍ فلا بُدَّ أنْ يَرى نَفْسَهُ تَنْطَبِعُ في مَوْضِعِ تَيْنِكَ اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ فَيَكونُ خاتَمُ الأَوْلِياءِ تَيْنِكَ اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ

And when the Prophet (God bless him and give him peace) likened prophethood to a wall of bricks that had been completed except for the place of one brick, he (God bless him and give him peace) was that brick. Yet he (God bless him and give him peace) sees it only as a single brick, as he said. As for the Seal of the saints, he must have this vision. He sees what the Messenger of God (God bless him and give him peace) likened [prophethood] to, and he sees in the wall the place of two bricks, the bricks being of gold and silver. He sees the two bricks that the wall lacks and by which it is completed: a brick of silver and a brick of gold. He must then see himself imprinted in the place of those two bricks, so the Seal of the saints is those two bricks.

On the whole passage · 2 of 7

al-Qāshānī

﴿ولما مثل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلَّم بالحائط من اللبن وقد كمل سوى موضع لبنة فكان صلى الله عليه وسلَّم تلك اللبنة ، غير أنه صلى الله عليه وسلَّم لا يراها إلا كما قال لبنة واحدة وأما خاتم الأولياء فلا بد له من هذه الرؤيا ، فيرى ما مثله به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلَّم ، ويرى في الحائط موضع لبنتين واللبن من ذهب وفضة فيرى اللبنتين اللتين ينقص الحائط عنهم ويكمل بهما لبنة فضة ولبنة ذهب فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تينك اللبنتين فيكون خاتم الأولياء تينك اللبنتين فيكمل الحائط بهما ، والسبب الموجب لكونه رآها لبنتين أنه تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل في الظاهر وهو موضع اللبنة الفضية وهو ظاهره وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام كما هو آخذ عن الله في السر ما هو بالصورة الظاهرة متبع فيه لأنه يرى الأمر على ما هو عليه فلا بد أن يراه هكذا وهو موضع اللبنة الذهبية في الباطن فإنه آخذ من المعدن الذي يأخذ منه الملك الذي يوحى به إلى الرسل ، فإن فهمت ما أشرت به فقد حصل لك العلم النافع فكل نبى من لدن آدم إلى آخر نبى ما منهم أحد يأخذ إلا من مشكاة خاتم النبيين صلى الله عليه وسلَّم وإن تأخر وجود طينته ، فإنه صلى الله عليه وسلَّم بحقيقته موجود ، وهو قوله « كنت نبيا وآدم بين الماء والطين » وغيره من الأنبياء ما كان نبيا إلا حين بعث ، وكذلك خاتم الأولياء كان وليا وآدم بين الماء والطين﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وإنما يكون على ما ذكره ، لأن الرؤيا من عالم المثال وهو تمثل كل حقيقة بصورة تناسبه ، فتمثل حال النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام في نبوته في صورة اللبنة التي يكمل بها بنيان النبوة فكان خاتم الأولياء . ولما لم يظهر بصورة الولاية لم يتمثل له موضعه باعتبار الولاية فلا بد من خاتم الولاية باعتبار ظهوره وختمه للولاية أن يرى مقامه في صورة اللبنة الذهبية من حيث أنه متشرع بشريعة خاتم الرسل . ويرى مقامه في صورة اللبنة الفضية باعتبار ظاهره فإنه يظهر تابعا للشريعة المحمدية على أنه آخذ عن الله في السر ما هو بالصورة الظاهرة متبع فيه . لكن التمثل بالمثال إنما يكون باعتبار الصورة وولايته هي المسماة بالولاية الشمسية وولاية سائر الأولياء تسمى بالولاية القمرية لأنها مأخوذة من ولايته مستفادة منها كنور القمر من الشمس ، ولهذا قال

. Likewise the Seal of the saints was a saint while Adam was between water and clay.] This is only as he mentioned, because the vision belongs to the World of Imagination (ʿālam al-mithāl), which is the representation of every reality in a form suited to it. So the state of the Prophet, upon him blessing and peace, in his prophethood, was represented in the form of the brick by which the edifice of prophethood was completed, and so he became the Seal of the saints. And since he did not manifest in the form of sainthood [in that vision], his place was not represented to him in respect of sainthood. So it was necessary, in respect of the Seal of sainthood, given his manifestation and his sealing of sainthood, that he see his station in the form of the golden brick, insofar as he follows the Law of the Seal of the messengers; and that he see his station in the form of the silver brick in respect of his outward aspect, for he appears as a follower of the Muḥammadan Law, while [in truth] he takes from God, in secret, that which, in outward form, he is [merely] a follower in. However, the representation by the likeness is only in respect of the form; and his sainthood is what is called 'solar sainthood,' while the sainthood of the rest of the saints is called 'lunar sainthood,' because it is taken from his sainthood, derived from it, as the light of the moon [is derived] from the sun. For this reason he said—]

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ولما مثل النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، النبوة بالحائط من اللبن وقد كمل سوى موضع لبنة واحدة، فكان، صلى الله عليه وسلم، تلك اللبنة، غير أنه … صلى الله عليه وسلم لا يراها إلا، كما قال، لبنة واحدة. وأما خاتم الأولياء فلا بد له من هذه الرؤية، فيرى ما مثله به رسول الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، ويرى في الحائط موضع لبنتين، واللبن من ذهب وفضة، فيرى اللبنتين اللتين تنقص الحائط عنهما ويكمل بهما لبنة ذهب ولبنة فضة، فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تينك اللبنتين﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فيكون خاتم الأولياء تينك اللبنتين

so the Seal of the Saints becomes those two bricks

al-Jandī

﴿ولمّا مثل النبيّ النبوّة بالحائط من اللبن وقد كمل سوى موضع لبنة ، فكان رسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم تلك اللبنة غير أنّ رسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم لا يراها إلَّا كما قال : لبنة واحدة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قال العبد : إنّما مثّل رسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم النبوّة بالحائط ، لأنّ النبوّة صورة الإحاطة الإلهيّة بالأوضاع والأحكام الشرعية والحكم والأسرار الدينيّة الوضعية المرعيّة ، قد وضعها الله على ألسنة رسله وفي كتبه قبل ظهور الشريعة الجمعيّة الأحدية والأوضاع الكمالية المحمدية . فكملت من حيث صورتها التفصيليّة ولكنّها كانت ناقصة من حيث عوز الوضع الأحدي الجمعي والمقام المحمدي الختمي الذي يستوعب الكلّ ، وكلّ لبنة كانت في تلك الحائط كانت صورة نبيّ من الأنبياء ، فالحائط كالقلادة المشتملة على جواهر الأنبياء. وكان يعوزهم واسطة القلادة التي تساوي الكلّ ، وهو أحدية جمع الكمّل من الأنبياء ، كلَّهم الذين هم صور تفصيله ، فلا بدّ للرسول الخاتم أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في تلك الثلمة ، ويسدّ بذاته تلك الخلَّة ، فيكمل به الحائط ، لأنّه صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم خاتم النبوّة المبعوث لتتميم مكارم الأخلاق . ولا بدّ لوارث كل رسول أن يجري عليه أنموذج من جميع أحواله التي جرت على ذلك الرسول الذي هذا الوليّ وارثه وتابعه في أعماله وأحواله وعلومه وأخلاقه ومشاهده ومواجده ، لكونه قد أقامه الله مقام ذلك النبيّ أو الرسول في ولايته كذلك . ولا بدّ لهذا الوارث المحمدي الأكمل كذلك أن يرى مثل هذه الرؤيا وإلَّا لم يستكمل في ورثة وهو كامل الورث ، فيرى ذلك ولا بدّ . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه : « وأمّا خاتم الولاية فلا بدّ له من هذه الرؤيا ، فيرى ما مثّل به رسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم ويرى في الحائط موضع لبنتين ،واللبن من ذهب وفضّة. فيرى اللبنتين اللتين ينقص عنهما الحائط ويكمل بهما لبنة فضّة ولبنة ذهب ،فلا بدّ أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تينك اللبنتين فيكون خاتم الأولياء تينك اللبنتين،فيكمل الحائط". قال العبد أيّده الله به اعلم : أنّ الذهب صورة الكمال الحقيقي الذي به تصحّ المتبوعيّة ، وهو باطن النبوّة ومعناها وأصلها الذي بدأت منه ومنتهاها . فكذلك الذهب باطن الفضّة وهو حقيقتها ، طرأ عليه قبل كماله ونضجه البرد ، فابيضّ ، والفضّة أقبل الأجساد للذهبية ، لكمال طهارتها ونوريّتها إلَّا أنّها ستبطل صورتها ، وتحرقها محرقاتها ، بخلاف الذهب ، فإنّه جوهر حافظ صورته النوعية على مرور الزمان وضروب الحدثان . فلا يتسلَّط عليه النار والتراب والكباريت كما نفذوا على الفضّة التي هي صورة مظهر النبوّة والصفة ، إذ الفساد الطارئ على الأجساد إنّما متعلَّقه الصور لا الحقائق ، فإنّ الحقائق لا تنعدم ولا تتبدّل ، وإنّما متعلَّق الانعدام والتبدّل الصورة لا غير . كذلك الولاية لا تنقطع ، فإنّ الله هو الوليّ الحميد ، وهو خير الوارثين . ولمّا كان خاتم الأنبياء والرسل في التخلَّق بأخلاق الله والظهور بأوصاف العبودية وإقامة الشرائع والدين والدعوة إلى الله ونصرته متبوعا للكلّ في الكلّ . وهو صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم غير مأمور بكشف الحقائق والأسرار الذاتية ، بل كان مأمورا بسترها في الأوضاع الشرعية والديانات الوضعيّة والسنن الكلَّية الأصلية والجزئية الفرعية . والنبوّة هي الدعوة إلى كلّ ذلك والظهور بها والاتّصاف بجميعها ، فلهذا مثّل الله له النبوّة المحيطة بسائر النبوّات الجزوية الفرعية والأحكام والنواميس الشرعية في صورة حائط تنقصه صورة لبنة واحدة فضيّة . إشارة إلى ما كان ينقص النبوّة من تبعية أمّة محمّد صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم ولا تنسدّ تلك الخلَّة إلَّا بوجوده صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم ، لكونه أحدية جمع صورة المتبوعية المحيطة في جميع الأخلاق الإلهية ، وهو المبعوث صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم لتكميلها وتتميمها ، فيرى نفسه تكون عين تلك اللبنة الفضيّة التي هي صورة أحدية جمع جميع الصفات الإلهية التي بعث لتكميلها إشارة إلى متبوعيّته في الأخلاق الإلهية والأوصاف والنعوت وإن كان تابعا لله تعالى في التخلَّق بكلّ ذلك ، فافهم ، ولهذا ما رآه إلَّا لبنة واحدة ، لأنّه متبوع لا تابع . والمقام الأحدى الجمعي الحاصل من الجمع بين التبعية والمتبوعية ينتج العلم بأحدية جمع المتبوعية الإلهية الأصلية والتابعية المربوبية العبدانيّة ، ولأحدية جمع الجمع الذاتي الصورة الذهبية من الأجسام والفضّة معنى الصفات الذاتية القابلة من وجه عين ذهبية الموصوف ، وذلك بسريان سرّ الإكسير الكماليّ الأحدي الجمعي في أجزائها . فلمّا كان هذا الوليّ الكامل التبعية لرسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم كامل الوراثة أيضا في العلم والحال والمقام ، أعطي متبوعية من سواه في العلم بالله ، والتابعية الكبرى من الوراثة المحمدية ، والولاية الخاصّة الجمعية الأحدية ، فلا بدّ أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضعي لبنتي الذهب والفضّة اللتين مثّل الله له فيهما النبوّة والولاية والتبعية والمتبوعية ، فيكون عينهما ، وكان ينقص عنهما صورة حائط الكمال الخصيص بالولاية ، فافهم . [right] قال رضي الله عنه

The servant said: The Messenger of God (God bless him and give him peace) only likened prophecy to the wall because prophecy is the form of the divine encompassing of the legislative arrangements, rulings, and the positive religious wisdoms and observed secrets which God placed upon the tongues of His messengers and in His books before the appearance of the unitary comprehensive Law (al-sharīʿa al-jamʿiyya al-aḥadiyya) and the perfect Muhammadan arrangements. So it was complete in respect of its detailed form, but deficient in respect of the lack of the unitary comprehensive arrangement (al-waḍʿ al-aḥadī al-jamʿī) and the Muhammadan Seal-station which encompasses the whole. Every brick in that wall was the form of one of the prophets, so the wall is like a necklace comprising the jewels of the prophets. What they lacked was the central bead of the necklace, equal to the whole — namely the unity of the gathering (aḥadiyyat jamʿ) of the most perfect of the prophets, all of whom are the forms of its detailed unfolding. So it was necessary that the Seal-Messenger see himself imprinted in that gap, and that he fill that breach with his very essence, so that the wall would be completed by him — since he (God bless him and give him peace) is the Seal of Prophecy, sent to perfect the noble character traits (makārim al-akhlāq). And it is necessary for the heir of every messenger that a paradigm run upon him from all the states that ran upon that messenger whose heir and follower this saint (walī) is — in his deeds, states, sciences, character traits, witnessings (mashāhid), and findings (mawājid) — since God has established him in the station of that prophet or messenger in his sainthood likewise. And it is necessary that this most perfect Muhammadan heir likewise see the like of this vision, otherwise he would not be complete in inheritance while being a perfect heir — so he must see this, necessarily. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: 'As for the Seal of Sainthood, he must have this vision: he sees what the Messenger of God (God bless him and give him peace) likened it to, and he sees in the wall the place of two bricks, the bricks being of gold and silver. So he sees the two bricks which the wall lacks and is completed by — a silver brick and a gold brick. It is necessary that he see himself imprinted in the place of those two bricks, so the Seal of the Saints is those two bricks, and thereby the wall is completed.' The servant, may God support him, said: Know that gold is the form of the true perfection (al-kamāl al-ḥaqīqī) by which followed-status (mattbūʿiyya) is validated — it is the nonmanifest (bāṭin) of prophecy, its meaning, its origin from which it began, and its final end. Likewise gold is the nonmanifest of silver and its reality; coldness befell it before its perfection and ripening, so it whitened. Silver is the most receptive of bodies to goldness, due to the perfection of its purity and luminosity — except that its form will perish, and its combustibles will burn it away, unlike gold, for it is a substance that preserves its specific form through the passage of time and the varieties of occurrence. Fire, earth, and sulfurous agents (kabārīt) have no power over it, as they do over silver, which is the form of the locus of manifestation (maẓhar) of prophecy and attribute — since the corruption that befalls bodies pertains only to forms, not realities, for realities neither pass away nor change; rather what pertains to passing away and change is only the form. Likewise sainthood (walāya) does not cease, for God is the Praised Friend (al-Walī al-Ḥamīd), and He is the best of heirs. Since the Seal of the Prophets and Messengers, in taking on the character traits of God (al-takhalluq bi-akhlāq Allāh) and manifesting the attributes of servanthood and establishing the Laws and religion and the call to God and supporting it, was the one followed (mattbūʿ) by all in all — and he (God bless him and give him peace) was not commanded to unveil the essential realities and secrets, but was commanded to conceal them within the legislative arrangements, positive religions, and universal original and particular derivative norms (sunan) — and prophecy is the call to all of that and manifestation by it and being characterized by all of it — for this reason God represented for him the prophecy encompassing all the partial derivative prophecies and the legislative rulings and norms in the form of a wall lacking the form of a single silver brick. This is an indication of what was lacking in prophecy regarding the followership of the community of Muhammad (God bless him and give him peace), and that breach would not be closed except by his existence (God bless him and give him peace), since he is the unity of the gathering of the form of the encompassing followed-status in all the divine character traits, and he is the one sent to perfect and complete it. So he sees himself as being the very identity of that silver brick, which is the form of the unity of the gathering of all the divine attributes for whose perfection he was sent — indicating his followed-status (mattbūʿiyya) in the divine character traits, attributes, and qualities, even though he is a follower of God Most High in taking on all of that as character. So understand. For this reason he saw nothing but a single brick, because he is one who is followed, not one who follows. And the unitary comprehensive station (al-maqām al-aḥadī al-jamʿī) resulting from combining followership and followed-status yields the knowledge of the unity of the gathering of the original divine followed-status and the derivative servant-lordship followership. And for the unity of the gathering of the essential gathering, the golden form belongs to bodies, while silver is the meaning of the essential attributes receptive, from one respect, to the very goldness of the one described — and that is through the flowing of the secret of the perfective unitary comprehensive elixir (sirr al-iksīr al-kamālī al-aḥadī al-jamʿī) through its parts. Since this perfect saint, complete in followership to the Messenger of God (God bless him and give him peace), was also complete in inheritance in knowledge, state, and station, he was given a followed-status over all others in the knowledge of God, and the greatest followership through Muhammadan inheritance, and the special unitary comprehensive sainthood (al-walāya al-khāṣṣa al-jamʿiyya al-aḥadiyya). So it is necessary that he see himself imprinted in the two places of the gold and silver bricks, in which God represented for him prophecy and sainthood, followership and followed-status — so he becomes their very identity, and what was lacking from them was the form of the wall of perfection proper to sainthood. So understand. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿ولما مثل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم النبوة بالحائط من اللبن﴾

؛ ووجه مناسبتها بالحائط إما صورة : فلكونها مع ما فيها من الحيطة يحوط نظام متفرقات العالم من الشتات من قولهم : «حاطه يحوطه» أي كلاه ، و«يحوط » - أيضا إذا جمعه . ولكونها مع أنها حائطة بتلك المعاني مشتملة على العلوم المتمثلة بحسب الصورة ، المتفاوتة بالعلو والكمال ؛ وذلك علوم الأنبياء كلها . ولذلك قال : «من اللبن» فإنه عين اللبن المأول بالعلم بحسب الصورة الرقمية . وأيضا : اللبن إنما هو صورة تنوع أرض الاستعداد على ما صورها عليه ماء العالم ، بعد أن لينها وصتها في قوالب قلوب الأنبياء . وأما معنى : فلأنها امتداد طالع من أسافل أراضي الحدوث والإمكان إلى أعالي سماوات القدم والوجوب ، ولأنها متدرجة في ذلك الطلوع باشتمالها على أجزاء متماثلة الصورة والحقيقة ، هي جزئيات نوع واحد . كما قال تعالى : "لا نفرق بين أحد من رسله " متخالفة الرتب ودرجات الكمال ، الذات ، إنما يتعدد ويتكثر بالأعيان والمظاهر القابلة ، وذلك لما أثبتوا لها من الوحدة المقابلة للكثرة . ولما كانت وحدتها عند الشيخ هي الوحدة الإطلاقية والأحدية الجمعية الذاتية التي لا يشوبها شائبة ثنوية التقابل أصلا ، فلابد وأن يكون مخزن العطايا الغير المتناهية الغير المتكثرة إنّما يتكمّل ذلك الامتداد بواحد منها هو أعلى من الكلّ ، لأنّ جميع تلك الجزئيّات مدارج علوّه ومباني مراقي قربه ، بل إنّما يوجد به لأنّه الجزء الأخير من مركَّب ذي أجزاء ، هي تلك الجزئيّات الإنسانيّة المسمّاة بالأنبياء ، وإليه أشار بقوله : ما يراه خاتم الأولياء في مواضع اللبنات

— the aspect of its correspondence to the wall is twofold, either formal or in meaning. As to form: it is because prophecy, along with what it contains of encompassing care (ḥiyāṭa), encompasses the order of the world's scattered multiplicities against dispersal, from their saying "ḥāṭahu yaḥūṭuhu," meaning he guarded it and gathered it together — "yaḥūṭu" also meaning to collect. And because, while encompassing these meanings, it comprises the sciences represented formally, differing in loftiness and perfection — these being the sciences of all the prophets. Hence he said "of mud-brick (labin)," for this is precisely milk (laban) interpreted as knowledge according to the inscribed form. Also: the mud-brick is but the form assumed by the diversified earth of preparedness (istiʿdād), as the water of the world shaped it, after softening and pouring it into the molds of the prophets' hearts. As to meaning: it is because prophecy is an ascending extension from the lowest lands of contingency and possibility up to the highest heavens of pre-eternity and necessity, and because it proceeds by degrees in that ascent, comprising parts identical in form and reality, being particulars of a single species — as He Most High said: "We make no distinction between any of His messengers" — though differing in rank and degrees of perfection. The Essence (al-dhāt) is multiplied and pluralized only through the receiving entities (aʿyān) and loci of manifestation, and this is because they affirmed for it a unity opposed to multiplicity. But since its unity, for the Shaykh, is the unrestricted unity (al-waḥda al-iṭlāqiyya) and the essential all-comprehensive oneness (al-aḥadiyya al-jamʿiyya al-dhātiyya) unmixed with any taint of dualistic opposition whatsoever, it must be that the storehouse of the unbounded, non-multiple gifts (ʿaṭāyā) — that this extension is completed by one of these parts which is higher than all, since all those particulars are the ascending degrees of its loftiness and the structures of the stations of its nearness. Rather, it exists through it, for it is the final part of a composite possessing parts, those parts being the human particulars called prophets. To this he alluded in his saying: what the Seal of the Saints sees in the places of the mud-bricks.

Jāmī

﴿فكان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

بهذا الوضع الأحدي الجمعي

this singular, all-gathering position.

Bālī Zāde

﴿ولما مثل النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام النبوة بالحائط من اللبن وقد كمل﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

الحائط (سوی موضع لبنة واحدة) قوله (فكان عليه السلام تلك اللبنة) جواب لما أي كان نفسه في رؤياه تنطبع بتلك اللبنة التي ينتمي الحائط عنها ويكمل بها. (غير أنه لا يراها) أي تلك الرؤي

— the wall (except for the place of a single brick). His saying (so he, peace be upon him, was that brick) is the apodosis of 'when,' meaning that his own self, in his vision, was imprinted as that brick by which the wall is ascribed and by which it is completed. (except that he does not see it) i.e., that vision

﴿خاتم المرسلين صلى الله عليه وسلم﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

مفضل على جبرائيل بالنص الإلهي . والنص على إطلاقه فلزم أنه مفضل عليه من كل الوجوه . فثبت بالنص أن خاتم الرسل مفضل على خاتم الأولياء في ذلك الوجه لعموم النص على جميع الوجوه فخاتم الأولياء خادم لختم الرسل لأخذه هذا العلم عن المعدن . فكان المراد من قوله من وجه يكون أعلى بيان لزيادة مرتبة خاتم الأولياء من الوجه المذكور ولا يلزم منه الأفضلية من هذا الوجه عند الله إذ الزائد قد يكون أدنى من الإنزال لتوسط الإنزال . فأنزلية ختم الرسل منه من جملة كمالاته ليست بمعنى الدناءة وقد نزل القرآن وحمد على تنزيله ولو دليتم بحبل لهبط على الله . فنزول الشريف اللطيف عين كماله ، ولما بين مرتبة خاتم الأولياء أورد الدليل الشرعي على ما ذهب إليه تسهيلا لفهم الطالبين . فظهر أن المقصود بيان تقدم مرتبة خاتم الأولياء من وجه فقال

who is favored above Gabriel by the divine text. And the text is unrestricted (muṭlaq), so it necessarily follows that he is favored above him from every respect. Thus it is established by the text that the Seal of the Messengers is favored above the Seal of the Saints in that respect, on account of the generality of the text covering all respects. So the Seal of the Saints is a servant to the Seal of the Messengers, in that he takes this knowledge from the [same] source (maʿdin). Thus what is meant by his statement, "from one respect he is higher," is an explanation of the Seal of the Saints' surplus rank in the respect mentioned, without this entailing superiority in this respect in God's sight - since something surplus may yet be lower than something lowered, owing to the mediating function of the lowering. So the "lowering" (inzāl) of the Seal of the Messengers below him is among his very perfections, and is not in the sense of baseness. Indeed the Qur'an was "sent down" (nuzūl) and He was praised for its being sent down: "and had you been lowered by a rope, it would have descended upon God" [a saying attributed]. So the descent of the noble and subtle is the very essence of its perfection. And when he had made clear the rank of the Seal of the Saints, he adduced the scriptural proof for what he held, in order to facilitate understanding for the seekers. Thus it becomes clear that the intent is to establish the precedence of the rank of the Seal of the Saints from one respect. So he said:

Ibn Turka

﴿وقد كمل سوى موضع لبنة واحدة ، وكان صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم تلك اللبنة ، غير أنّه صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم لا يراها إلَّا كما قال : لبنة واحدة وأمّا خاتم الأولياء فلا بدّ له من هذه الرؤيا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لأنّه الحائط بكماله الذي هو غاية الغايات وأقصى النهايات في الحيطة بمعانيه

because he is the wall in its completeness, which is the furthest of ends and the utmost of limits in encompassing (ḥiyāṭa) by its meanings.

Jāmī

﴿وقد كمل﴾

ذلك الحائط (سوی) موضع لبنة واحدة وهي الموضع الأحدي الجمعي المحمدي الختمي الذي يستوعب الكل

that wall (save for) the place of a single brick, which is the singular, all-gathering, Muhammadan, sealing place that encompasses the whole.

Words 22–23 · 1 of 7

تِلْكَ اللَّبِنَةَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿تلك اللبنة﴾

وسيد تلك الثلمة فكمل به الحائط

and the master of that gap, so the wall was completed by him.

Words 24–29 · 1 of 7

غَيْرَ أنَّهُ صلى اللهُ عليهِ وسلَّمَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿غير أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم﴾

لا يراها أي تلك اللبنة بعين بصيرته في هذا التمثيل

does not see it — that is, that brick — with the eye of his insight (baṣīra) in this representation (tamthīl)

Jāmī

﴿إلا كما قال﴾

صلى الله عليه وسلم

God bless him and grant him peace

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلا كما قال لبنة واحدة﴾

أي تمثيله عين رؤياه في حق نفسه

i.e., his likening [of it] is the very essence of his vision concerning himself

Words 35–36 · 1 of 7

لَبِنَةً واحِدَةً

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿لبنة واحدة﴾

لأنه صلى الله عليه وسلم غير مأمور بكشف الحقائق والأسرار كخاتم الولاية بل كان مأمورة بسترها في الأوضاع الشرعية والأحكام الوضعية . والنبوة هي الدعوة إلى كل ذلك والظهور بها والاتصاف بجميعها فهي حقيقة واحدة فلا حاجة في تمثيلها إلى اللبنتين ولا إلى تمييزها بالذهبية والفضية

because he - God bless him and grant him peace - was not commanded to unveil the realities and secrets as the Seal of Sainthood was, but rather was commanded to conceal them within the legal ordinances and positive rulings. And prophethood is the summons to all of that, and manifestation by it, and being qualified by all of it; so it is a single reality, and there is no need in representing it for two bricks, nor for distinguishing it by gold and silver.

Jāmī

﴿وأما خانم الأولياء فلا بد له من هذه الرؤيا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي من رؤية

that is, of the vision of

Bālī Zāde

﴿وأما خاتم الأولياء فلا بد له من هذه الرؤيا﴾

دليلا له على ختميته في الولاية

as evidence for him of his sealhood in sainthood

Ibn Turka

﴿فيرى ما مثّله به رسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم﴾

من الحائط المشتمل على تلك الأجزاء المترتّبة المرتبة لمدارج علوّه ومراقي عروجه إلى مقامه الأقرب إلَّا أنّه يرى تلك الأجزاء المشتمل عليها الحائط نوعين

— namely, the wall comprising those ordered, ranked parts belonging to the degrees of his loftiness and the stages of his ascent to his station of nearest proximity — except that he sees those parts comprised in the wall as two kinds.

Bālī Zāde

﴿فیری ما مثله به﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي بالحائط (رسول الله فیری في الحائط موضع لبنتين واللبن من ذهب وفضة فيرى اللبنتين اللتين ينقص الحائط عنهما ويكمل بهما لبنة فضة ولبنة ذهب) قوله

i.e., to the wall — (the Messenger of God, so he [the Seal of the saints] sees in the wall the place of two bricks, the bricks being of gold and silver; he sees the two bricks by which the wall falls short and is completed: a brick of silver and a brick of gold). His saying

Ibn Turka

﴿ويرى في الحائط موضع اللبنتين ، واللبن﴾

المبتني منه الحائط في رؤيته مختلف في الصورة والعزّة

from which the wall is built appear in his vision differing in form and preciousness (ʿizza),

Jāmī

﴿في الحائط موضع لبنتين﴾

ينقص الحائط عنهما

which the wall is deficient without.

Ibn Turka

﴿من ذهب وفضّة ، فيرى اللبنتين اللتين ينقص الحائط عنهما ويكمل بهما لبنة فضّة ولبنة ذهب ، فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تينك اللبنتين﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لأنّ الحائط هو صورة امتداد علوّه من أسافل أراضي القوّة إلى أعالي سماوات كماله

because the wall is the form of the extension of his loftiness from the lowest lands of potency to the highest heavens of his perfection.

Jāmī

﴿واللبن من ذهب﴾

هو صورة الولاية. لأن الولاية كما أنها ليست قابلة للتغيير بوجه من الوجوه عما هو عليه فكذلك الذهب (ومن فضة)هو صورة النبوة كما أنها قابلة للتغير بالنسبة إلى الأزمان. فكذلك الفضة

is the form of sainthood, for just as sainthood is not susceptible to change in any respect from what it is, so likewise gold. (and of silver) is the form of prophethood, for just as it [prophethood] is susceptible to change relative to the times, so likewise silver.

al-Tilimsānī

﴿فيرى اللبتين اللتين تنقص الحائط عنهما وتكمل بهما، لبنة ذهب ولبنة فضة، فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تينك اللبتين، فيكون خاتم الأولياء نينك اللبنتين، فيكمل الحائط. والسبب الموجب لكونه رآها لبنتين أنه تابع الشرع خاتم الرسل في الظاهر وهو موضع اللبنة الفضة، وهو ظاهره وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قوله

those two bricks, and thereby the wall is completed. The reason requiring that he see it as two bricks is that he follows the Law of the Seal of the Messengers in the manifest (ẓāhir) aspect — and this is the place of the silver brick, namely his manifest [dimension] and what he follows therein of the rulings (aḥkām)] he said

Jāmī

﴿فيري اللبنتين اللتين ينقص الحائط عنهما ، ويكمل بهما لبنة من فضة ولبنة من ذهب فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تينك اللبنتين ليكمل الحائط﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

به قال رضي الله عنه في فتوحاته المكية أنه رأى حائطا من ذهب وفضة فانطبع رضي الله عنه في موضع تينك اللبنتين . وقال رضي الله عنه : وكنت لا أشك أني أنا الرائي ولا أني أنا المنطبع في موضعهما وبي كمال الحائط . ثم عبرت الرؤيا بختام الولاية بي وذكرتهما للمشايخ الكاملين المعاصرين وما قلت من الرائي فعبروها بما عبرتها به

by him. He - may God be pleased with him - said in his al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya that he saw a wall of gold and silver, and he - may God be pleased with him - was imprinted in the place of those two bricks. And he - may God be pleased with him - said: 'And I had no doubt that I was the seer, nor that I was the one imprinted in their place, and that by me the wall was completed.' Then I interpreted the vision as the sealing of sainthood being mine, and I mentioned it to the perfected, contemporary shaykhs without saying who the seer was, and they interpreted it as I had interpreted it.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع﴾

أي، لما مثل خاتم الرسول النبوة بالحائط و رأى نفسه تنطبع فيه، لا بد أن يرى خاتم الولاية نفسه كذلك، لما بينهما من المناسبة والاشتراك في مقام الولاية. ومعناه ظاهر. قال رضي الله عنه في فتوحاته أنه رأى حائطا من ذهب وفضة، وقد كمل إلا موضع لبنتين: إحديهما من فضة والأخرى من ذهب، فانطبع رضي الله عنه موضع تلك اللبنتين وقال فيه: (وأنا لا أشك إني أنا الرائي، ولا أشك إني أنا المنطبع موضعهما، وبي كمل الحائط. ثم عبرت الرؤيا بانختام الولاية بي. وذكرت المنام للمشايخ الذين كنت في عصرهم، وما قلت من الرائي، فعبروا بما عبرت به). والظاهر مما وجدت في كلامه رضي الله عنه في هذا المعنى أنه خاتم الولاية المقيدة المحمدية، لا الولاية المطلقة الذي لمرتبته الكلية. ولذلك قال في أول الفتوحات في المشاهدة: (فرآني، أي رسول الله، وراء الختم لاشتراك بيني وبينه في الحكم). فقال له السيد: هذا عديلك وابنك وخليلك. و "العديل" هو المساوي. قال في الفصل الثالث عشر من أجوبة الإمام محمد بن على الترمذي، قدس سره.(الختم ختمان: ختم يختم الله به الولاية مطلقا، وختم يختم به الله الولاية المحمدية. فأما ختم الولاية على الإطلاق فهو عيسى عليه السلام. فهو الولي بالنبوة المطلقة في زمان هذه الأمة، وقد حيل بينه وبين نبوة التشريع والرسالة. فينزل في آخر الزمان وارثا خاتما لا ولى بعده، فكان أول هذا الأمر نبي وهو آدم، وآخره نبي وهو عيسى، أعني، نبوة الاختصاص. فيكون له حشران: حشر معنا، وحشر مع الأنبياء والرسل. وأما ختم الولاية المحمدية فهو لرجل من العرب من أكرمها أصلا و يدا. وهو في زماننا اليوم موجود. عرفت به سنة خمس وتسعين وخمسمائة، ورأيت العلامة التي قد أخفاها الحق فيه عن عيون عباده، وكشفها لي بمدينة فاس حتى رأيت خاتم الولاية منه، وهو خاتم النبوة المطلقة. وهي الولاية الخاصة لا يعلمه كثير من الناس. وقد ابتلاه الله بأهل الإنكار عليه فيما تحقق به من الحق في سره. وكما أن الله ختم بمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم نبوة التشريع، كذلك ختم الله تعالى بالختم المحمدي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، الولاية التي يحصل من الوارث المحمدي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، لا التي تحصل من سائر الأنبياء. فإن من الأولياء من يرث إبراهيم وموسى وعيسى. وهؤلاء يوجدون بعد هذا الختم المحمدي وبعده ولا يوجد ولى على قلب محمد، صلى الله عليه وسلم. هذا معنى ختم الولاية المحمدية. وأما ختم الولاية العامة الذي لا يوجد بعده ولى، فهو عيسى، عليه السلام. وقال في الفصل الخامس عشر منها (فأنزل في الدنيا من مقام اختصاصه واستحق أن يكون لولايته الخاصة ختم يواطي اسمه اسمه ويحوز خلقة". وما هو بالمهدي المسمى المعروف المنتظر، فإن ذلك من عترته وسلالته الحسية، والختم ليس من سلالته الحسية، ولكن من سلالة أعراقه وأخلاقه) . والكل إشارة إلى نفسه رضى الله عنه. والله أعلم بالحقائق

that is, since the Seal of the Messengers likened prophecy to the wall and saw himself imprinted within it, the Seal of Sainthood (khātam al-walāya) must likewise see himself thus, on account of the correspondence (munāsaba) and shared participation between them in the station of sainthood (walāya). Its meaning is evident. He, may God be pleased with him, said in his Futūḥāt that he saw a wall of gold and silver, complete except for the place of two bricks: one of silver and the other of gold. So he, may God be pleased with him, was imprinted in the place of those two bricks, and he said concerning it: ('I do not doubt that I am the one who sees, nor do I doubt that I am the one imprinted in their place, and by me the wall was completed. Then I interpreted the vision as meaning that sainthood was sealed by me. And I related the dream to the masters who were of my time, and what I said about the seer, and they gave the same interpretation as I gave.') And what is apparent from what I found in his words, may God be pleased with him, on this matter is that he is the Seal of the restricted Muḥammadan sainthood (al-walāya al-muqayyada al-Muḥammadiyya), not of absolute sainthood (al-walāya al-muṭlaqa), which belongs to the universal station. That is why he said at the beginning of the Futūḥāt, in the witnessing (mushāhada): ('He saw me' — that is, the Messenger of God — 'behind the seal, on account of the sharing between him and me in the ruling.') Then the Master (al-sayyid) said to him: 'This is your equal (ʿadīl), your son, and your intimate friend.' And 'al-ʿadīl' means the equal. He said, in the thirteenth chapter of the answers of the Imam Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Tirmidhī, may his secret be sanctified: ('The seal is of two kinds: a seal by which God seals sainthood absolutely, and a seal by which God seals Muḥammadan sainthood. As for the seal of absolute sainthood, it is Jesus, peace be upon him. He is the saint through absolute prophecy in the time of this community, though he has been barred from the prophecy of legislation and messengership. He will descend at the end of time as an inheriting seal, after whom there is no saint; thus the beginning of this affair was a prophet, namely Adam, and its end is a prophet, namely Jesus — I mean, the prophecy of special election (nubuwwat al-ikhtiṣāṣ). He will have two gatherings: a gathering with us, and a gathering with the prophets and messengers. As for the seal of Muḥammadan sainthood, it belongs to a man of the Arabs, of the noblest origin and hand, and he exists today, in our time. I came to know of him in the year five hundred and ninety-five [595 AH], and I saw the sign which the Real had concealed regarding him from the eyes of His servants, and He unveiled it to me in the city of Fez, until I saw upon him the seal of sainthood, which is the seal of absolute prophecy. It is the special sainthood (al-walāya al-khāṣṣa) which many people do not recognize. God has tried him with those who deny what he has realized of the Real in his innermost secret. And just as God sealed, through Muḥammad, God's blessings and peace be upon him, the prophecy of legislation, so too God, exalted is He, sealed, through the Muḥammadan seal, God's blessings and peace be upon him, the sainthood that comes from the Muḥammadan inheritor, God's blessings and peace be upon him — not that which comes from the rest of the prophets. For among the saints are those who inherit from Abraham, Moses, and Jesus; these exist both before and after this Muḥammadan seal, but no saint exists upon the heart of Muḥammad, God's blessings and peace be upon him. This is the meaning of the seal of Muḥammadan sainthood. As for the seal of general sainthood, after whom no saint exists, he is Jesus, peace be upon him.') And he said in the fifteenth chapter thereof: ('So he was sent down into the world from the station of his special election, and he merited that his special sainthood have a seal whose name corresponds to his name and who possesses his very disposition (khilqa). And he is not the awaited Mahdi known by that title, for that one is of his progeny and bodily lineage, whereas the seal is not of his bodily lineage but of the lineage of his roots and character traits.') All of this is an allusion to himself, may God be pleased with him. And God knows best the realities

Bālī Zāde

﴿فلا بد أن يرى نفسه تنطبع في موضع تلك اللبنتين﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

جواب إم (فيكون خاتم الولاية تلك اللبنتين فيكمل الحائط) بهما كما يكمل بلبنة واحدة في رؤیا ختم الرسل لوجوب التطابق بينهما وهذه الرؤيا مختصة لخاتم الولاية المحمدية لاشتراكه في المشكاتية والختمية. وإما خاتم الولاية العامة فاشتراكه في الختمية دون المشكاتية فلم يلزم هذه الرؤيا له

— the apodosis of 'if' (so the Seal of sainthood is those two bricks, and the wall is completed) by them, just as it is completed by a single brick in the vision of the Seal of the messengers, owing to the necessity of correspondence between the two. This vision is peculiar to the Seal of Muḥammadan sainthood, on account of his sharing in the niche-relation (mishkātiyya) and the sealhood. As for the Seal of general sainthood, his sharing is in sealhood without the niche-relation, so this vision is not necessary for him.

Ibn Turka

﴿فيكون خاتم الأولياء تينك اللبنتين فيه ، فيكمل الحائط﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

Ibn Turka · line 2274English translation pending
Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.