Mashrabaمشربة

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فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ نَفْثِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ شِيثِيَّةٍ

←→Read ¶17 in the text

17 · 79 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَيَكْمُلُ الحَائِطُ والسَّبَبُ المُوجِبُ لِكَوْنِهِ يَرَاهَا لَبِنَتَيْنِ أنَّهُ تابِعٌ لِشَرْعِ خاتَمِ الرُّسُلِ في الظَّاهِرِ وهوَ مَوْضِعُ اللَّبِنَةِ الفِضِّيَّةِ وهوَ ظاهِرُهُ وما يَتْبَعُهُ فيهِ مِنَ الأَحْكامِ كما هوَ أَخَذَ عنِ اللهِ في السِّرِّ ما هوَ بِالصُّورَةِ الظَّاهِرَةِ مُتَّبِعٌ فيهِ لأنَّهُ يَرى الأَمْرَ عَلَى ما هوَ عَلَيْهِ فلا بُدَّ أنْ يَراهُ هكذا وهوَ مَوْضِعُ اللَّبِنَةِ الذَّهَبِيَّةِ في الباطِنِ فإنَّهُ أَخَذَ مِنَ المَعْدِنِ الذي يَأْخُذُ منهُ المَلَكُ الذي يُوحي بهِ إلى الرَّسُولِ فإنْ فَهِمْتَ ما أَشَرْتُ بهِ فَقَدْ حَصَلَ لَكَ العِلْمُ النَّافِعُ

…and so the wall is completed. The cause that necessitates his seeing it as two bricks is that he is a follower of the Law of the Seal of the messengers in the manifest. That is the place of the silver brick: it is his manifest [aspect] and the rulings in which he follows him. At the same time, he takes from God in the secret [dimension] that very thing in which, in the manifest form, he is a follower. For he sees the matter as it is in itself, and so he must see it thus. That is the place of the golden brick in the nonmanifest, for he takes from the [same] mine from which the angel takes who conveys it by revelation to the messenger. If you have understood what I have alluded to, then beneficial knowledge has been attained by you.

On the whole passage · 2 of 6

al-Jandī

﴿والسبب الموجب لكونه رآها لبنتين أنّه تابع ومتبوع ، تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل في الظاهر وهو موضع اللبنة الفضيّة وهو ظاهره وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام ، كما هو آخذ عن الله في السرّ ما هو في الصورة الظاهرة متّبع فيه ، لأنّه يرى الأمر على ما هو عليه ، فلا بدّ أن يراه هكذا وهو موضع اللبنة الذهبية في الباطن ، فإنّه أخذ عن المعدن الذي أخذ منه الملك الذي يوحي به إلى الرسول﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قال العبد أيّده الله به اعلم : أنّ لخاتم الولاية الخاصّة ظاهرا أن يتّبع ظاهر الأمر النازل بالشريعة الطاهرة لإقامة ظاهر النشأة الإنسانية البشرية ، وباطنا تأخذه حقيقة الأمر ومعنى السرّ وروحه وكذلك باطن الجمعية الأحدية الكمالية . فله من حيث تبعيّته الظاهرة لظاهر الشرع الطاهر المقتضي لإقامة ظاهر النشأة الدينية والطينية نسبة الفضّة ، لتبعية الفضّة للذهب في صفائها وصفاتها وطهارتها وكمالها في ذاتها وفي المعاملات والمبايعات العرفية الشرعية في جميع حالاتها . فإنّ الفضّة تنوب عن الذهب في أكثر مراتب كمالاتها ، ولكنّ الذهب أصل به تعدّ الفضّة ، ويثمّن بأضعاف أضعاف ثمن الفضّة ، ولهذا السبب تتجسّد هذه النسبة الظاهرية الوضعية والوصفية على صورة اللبنة الفضيّة . ثم الخاتم المذكور رضي الله عنه من كونه آخذا للأمر حقيقة ومعنى بلا واسطة عن المعدن الذي أخذ عنه الملك الموحى إلى الرسول له حقيقة اللبنة الذهبية ، وهي العلم بما هو الأمر عليه في نفسه وعند الله ، فهو عالم به في السرّ ، عامل بموجبه في الجهر من كونه جامعا بين التابعية والمتبوعية ، فافهم. فإنّك إن فهمت هذا حصل لك العلم النافع ، والسرّ الجامع ، والمعنى المحيط الواسع . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

is. So it is necessary that he see it thus, and it is the place of the gold brick in the nonmanifest (bāṭin), for he takes from the very source (maʿdin) from which the angel who reveals it to the Messenger took.] The servant, may God support him, said: Know that the Seal of Special Sainthood has a manifest aspect through which he follows the manifest of the matter that descended with the pure Law for establishing the manifest of the human bodily configuration (al-nashʾa al-insāniyya al-bashariyya), and a nonmanifest aspect through which he takes the reality of the matter, the meaning of the secret, and its spirit — and likewise the nonmanifest of the unitary comprehensive perfective gathering (al-jamʿiyya al-aḥadiyya al-kamāliyya). So from the aspect of his manifest followership to the manifest of the pure Law, which requires establishing the manifest of the religious and earthly configuration, he has the relation (nisba) of silver — due to silver's followership to gold in its purity, attributes, purity, and perfection, both in itself and in customary legal transactions and exchanges in all its states. For silver stands in for gold in most degrees of its perfections, yet gold is the root by which silver is reckoned, and it is valued at many multiples of silver's price. For this reason, this outward positive and attributive relation is embodied in the form of the silver brick. Then, the aforementioned Seal, may God be pleased with him, insofar as he takes the matter in reality and meaning without intermediary from the very source (maʿdin) from which the angel who reveals to the Messenger took — has the reality of the gold brick, which is the knowledge of what the matter is in itself and with God. So he knows it in secret, and acts according to its requirement openly, being one who combines followership and followed-status. So understand — for if you understand this, beneficial knowledge will be obtained for you, and the comprehensive secret, and the encompassing, expansive meaning. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Tilimsānī

﴿كما هو أخذ عن الله تعالى في السر ما هو بالصورة الظاهرة متبع فيه، لأنه لا يرى الأمر على ما هو عليه، فلا بد أن يراه هكذا وهو موضع اللبنة الذهبية في الباطن، فإنه أخذ من المعدن الذي يأخذ منه الملك الذي يوحي به إلى الرسول. فإن فهمت ما أشرت به فقد حصل لك العلم النافع.﴾

قلت: حاصل ما أشار إليه أن النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، إنما مثل النبوة وحدها وهي دون مقام ولايته، عليه السلام، فرآها لبنة واحدة لو مثل معها مقام ولايته لراها لبنتين كما رآها خاتم الأولياء ثم ذكر الشيخ، رضي الله عنه، كلامه هذا يعلم فيه أن الولي الخاتم للولاية يري أن الحائط ناقصا لبنتين وذلك من ضرورة رؤيته لمقام النبوة التي هي فيها تابع، وهي لبنة فضة. ویری موضع لبنة أخرى وهي ما يأخذه عن الله تعالی بلا واسطة. ولما كان مقام الولاية أعلى من مقام النبوة، كما ذكر، جعل اللبنة المختصة بالنبوة لبنة فضة والأخرى لبنة ذهبية. ولم يقل: ذهب، ليسلم ختم الأولياء، الولاية للرسول أيضا وليسلم أيضا ما رأوه من لبنة الذهب إليه ويصف ما حصل له بصورة النسب، هكذا ينبغي أن يقال ويسطر في الكتب، وفي المشافهة يمكن أن يتبين بيانا أكثر من هذا. قوله رضي الله عنه

— for he does not see the matter as it [truly] is, so he must necessarily see it in this manner; and this is the place of the golden brick in the nonmanifest (bāṭin), for he takes from the very source (maʿdin) from which the angel who reveals to the messenger takes. If you understand what I have indicated, you have attained beneficial knowledge.] I say: The upshot of what he indicated is that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, likened only prophethood by itself — which is beneath the station of his sainthood, peace be upon him — so he saw it as a single brick; had he likened along with it the station of his sainthood, he would have seen it as two bricks, just as the Seal of the Saints saw it. Then the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, in this discourse of his, lets it be known that the saint who is the Seal of sainthood sees the wall as lacking two bricks, and this follows necessarily from his vision of the station of prophethood, in which he is a follower — and this is the silver brick. And he sees the place of another brick, which is what he takes from God, exalted is He, without mediation. Since the station of sainthood is higher than the station of prophethood, as he mentioned, he made the brick proper to prophethood a silver brick, and the other a golden brick. He did not say 'gold' [outright, in reference to the Prophet's own vision] so that the Seal of the Saints would concede sainthood to the Messenger as well, and so that what they saw of the golden brick would also be conceded to him, describing what accrued to him in terms of relation (nisba) — thus it ought to be stated and set down in books, while in oral transmission it is possible for it to be clarified more fully than this. He, may God be pleased with him, said

Words 1–2 · 1 of 6

فَيَكْمُلُ الحَائِطُ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فيكمل الحائط﴾

جواب (لما). قوله

is the apodosis (jawāb) of 'when' (lammā). His statement

al-Qayṣarī

﴿والسبب الموجب لكونه رآها لبنتين، أنه تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل في الظاهرة وهو﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي كونه تابعا

that is, his being a follower

Ibn Turka

﴿والسبب الموجب لكونه يراها لبنتين أنّه تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل في الظاهر - وهو موضع اللبنة الفضّية﴾

لظهور لون الفضّة مع نقصان جوهرها عن الكمال النوعي له

because of the manifest appearance of silver's color, together with the deficiency of its substance relative to the specific perfection belonging to gold.

Jāmī

﴿والسبب الموجب لكونه﴾

أي تكون خاتم الأولياء (رآها)، أي اللينة (لبنتين) لبنة ذهب ولبنة فضة (أنه)، أي خاتم الأولياء

that is, [the cause requiring] his being the Seal of the saints, (he saw it) — that is, the brick — (as two bricks): a brick of gold and a brick of silver — (is that he), that is, the Seal of the saints

Bālī Zāde

﴿والسبب الموجب لكونه﴾

أي لكون خاتم الأولياء (يراها لبتين أنه) أي خاتم الأولياء

i.e., that the Seal of the saints (sees them as two bricks is that he) i.e., the Seal of the saints

Jāmī

﴿تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل﴾

أخذ منه الشرع في الظاهر) وإن كان في الباطن أخذ من المعدن الذي أخذ منه الملك بالوحي إلى خاتم الرسل (وهو)، أي شرع خاتم الرسل

(he took the law from him outwardly), even though inwardly he took it from the very source (maʿdin) from which the angel took it by revelation to the Seal of the messengers — (and it), that is, the law of the Seal of the messengers

Bālī Zāde

﴿تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل في الظاهر﴾

لأن ولاية الولي لا تحصل ولا تتم إلا بتبعيته للرسل. (وهو) أي كون خاتم الأولياء تابع

because the sainthood of the saint (walī) is neither attained nor completed except through his following the messengers. (And it) that is, the fact that the Seal of the saints is subordinate

al-Qayṣarī

﴿موضع اللبنة الفضية، وهو ظاهره وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام﴾

أي، موضع اللبنة الفضية صورة متابعة خاتم الأولياء لخاتم الرسل، و صورة ما يتبعه فيه من أحكام الشرع، وبانطباعه موضع اللبنة الفضية يكمل المتابعة ولا يبقى بعده متابع آخر، كمالا يبقى بعده ولى آخر، كما أشار إليه بقوله

that is, the place of the silver brick is the form of the Seal of the Saints' following (mutābaʿa) of the Seal of the Messengers, and the form of what he follows him in of the rulings of the sacred law (sharʿ). By his being imprinted in the place of the silver brick, this following is completed, and after him no other follower remains — just as after him no other saint remains — as he indicated by his statement

Jāmī

﴿موضع اللبنة الفضية﴾

واتباع خاتم الأولياء خاتم الرسل انطباعه في ذلك الموضع. (وهو)، أي شرع خاتم الرسل أيضا (ظاهره)، أي ظاهر خاتم الأولياء حين أتبعه فيه

and the Seal of the saints' following of the Seal of the messengers consists in his being imprinted (inṭibāʿ) in that place. (And it) — that is, the law of the Seal of the messengers, likewise — (is his outward aspect) — that is, the outward aspect of the Seal of the saints when he followed him therein.

Bālī Zāde

﴿موضع اللبنة الفضية وهو﴾

أي موضع هذه اللبنة (ظاهره) أي ظاهر خاتم الأولياء

that is, the place of this brick (is his outward aspect) that is, the outward aspect of the Seal of the saints

Ibn Turka

﴿وهو ظاهره وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام﴾

ا لشرعيّة والأوضاع النبويّة الظاهرة فخاتم الأولياء تابع

Ibn Turka · line 2285English translation pending

Jāmī

﴿وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام﴾

عطف على ظاهره. أي شرع خاتم الرسل هو الأحكام التي اتبع فيها خاتم الأولياء خاتم الرسل فخاتم الأولياء تابع لشرع خاتم الرسل

is conjoined to 'his outward aspect.' That is, the Law of the Seal of the Messengers is the rulings in which the Seal of the Saints followed the Seal of the Messengers; so the Seal of the Saints is a follower of the Law of the Seal of the Messengers.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وما يتبعه فيه من الأحكام﴾

يعني صورة اتباعه لخاتم الرسل في الأحكام الشرعية . فكان الحائط في حق ختم الرسل حائط النبوة واللبنة الفضية لبنته ولذلك مثلها به وأما في حق خاتم الأولياء فحائط الولاية فكانت اللبنة الفضية جزءا من حائط الولاية في حق هذا الرائي كاللبنة الذهبية . فخاتم الرسل هو الذي لا يوجد بعده نبي مشرع فلا يمنع وجود عیسی بعده ختميته لأنه نبي متبع لما جاء به خاتم الرسل . وكذلك خاتم الأولياء بالولاية الخاصة هو الذي لا يبقى بعده ولي في قلب خاتم الرسل ولا وارث بعده للولاية المحمدية . ولا يمنع أيضا ختميه وجود الأولياء الوارثين لسائر الأنبياء بعده

meaning the form of his following of the Seal of the messengers in the rulings of the Law. So the wall, with regard to the Seal of the messengers, was the wall of prophecy, and the silver brick was his brick, and for that reason it was likened to him; whereas with regard to the Seal of the saints, it is the wall of sainthood, and the silver brick was a part of the wall of sainthood with regard to this visionary, like the golden brick. The Seal of the messengers is he after whom no legislating prophet exists; the existence of Jesus after him does not preclude his sealhood, for he is a prophet who follows what the Seal of the messengers brought. Likewise, the Seal of the saints, with special sainthood, is he after whom no saint remains in the heart of the Seal of the messengers, and after whom there is no heir to Muḥammadan sainthood. Nor does his sealhood preclude the existence of the saints who are heirs to the rest of the prophets after him.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿كما هو آخذ عن الله في السر ما هو بالصورة الظاهرة متبع فيه﴾

أي، الخاتم للولاية تابع للشرع ظاهرا، كما أنه آخذ عن الله باطنا لما هو متبع فيه للصورة الظاهرة. ف "ما" مع ما بعده مفعول (آخذ)

that is, the Seal of Sainthood is a follower of the sacred law outwardly, just as he takes from God inwardly that which, in outward form, he is followed in. So 'what' (mā), together with what follows it, is the object of 'takes' (ākhidh)

Ibn Turka

﴿كما هو آخذ عن الله في السرّ ما هو في الصورة الظاهرة متّبع فيه ، لأنّه﴾

بكمال كشفه التامّ

by virtue of the completeness of his full unveiling (kashf),

Jāmī

﴿كما هو آخذ عن الله في السر … ما هو﴾

أي الشرع الذي هو أي خاتم الأولياء

, that is, the Law which is, that is, the Seal of the Saints,

Bālī Zāde

﴿كما هو آخذ عن الله في السر ما هو بالصورة الظاهرة متبع فيه﴾

أي كما أن خاتم الأولياء متبع لختم الرسل بالصورة الظاهرة فيما أخذه عن الله في السر فيرى صورة أخذه وصورة اتباعه فيما أخذه. فقوله بالصورة يتعلق بمتبع وإنما وجب الرؤية هكذ (لأنه) أي لأن خاتم الأولياء

i.e., just as the Seal of the saints is a follower of the Seal of the messengers in outward form regarding what he takes from God in secret; so he sees the form of his taking and the form of his following in what he takes. His saying 'in form' relates to 'follower.' The vision was necessarily thus (because he) i.e., because the Seal of the saints

Words 35–37 · 1 of 6

بِالصُّورَةِ الظَّاهِرَةِ مُتَّبِعٌ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿بالصورة الظاهرة متبع﴾

خاتم الرسل (فيه). أي في هذا الشرع وذلك الأخذ إنما يتحقق (لأنه)، أي خاتم الولاية

by the Seal of the Messengers (in it), that is, in this Law - and that taking is only realized (because he), that is, the Seal of Sainthood,

al-Qayṣarī

﴿لأنه يرى الأمر على ما هو عليه، فلا بد أن يراه هكذا … كما هو آخذ عن الله في السر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، لأنه مطلع على ما في العلم من الأحكام الإلهية ومشاهد له، ولا بد أن يراه ويشاهده و إلا لم يكن خاتما

that is, because he is apprised of what is contained in the [divine] knowledge of the divine rulings, and witnesses it, and he must see it and witness it — otherwise he would not be a seal

Ibn Turka

﴿يرى الأمر على ما هو عليه ، فلا بدّ أن يراه هكذا﴾

لما عرفت أنّ اللبن صورة علمهم الواقعة في مراتب كمالهم . ولمّا كان لخاتم الأولياء أنهى الغايات فيه لا بدّ أن يرى صورة ما يكشف له من المتابعة - وهو موضع اللبنة الفضيّة في الظاهر - وأن يرى صورة ما يكشف له عن حقيقة تلك الصور التابع لها ولميّته -

since you have learned that the mud-brick is the form of their knowledge occurring within the ranks of their perfection. And since the Seal of the Saints possesses the furthest of ends therein, he must necessarily see the form of what is unveiled to him of the following (mutābaʿa) — this being the place of the silver brick in the manifest — and see the form of what is unveiled to him concerning the reality of those followed forms and their quiddity (māhiyya) —

Jāmī

﴿يري الأمر … على ما هو عليه﴾

في علم الله سبحانه

in the knowledge of God, exalted be He.

Bālī Zāde

﴿يري الأمر﴾

أي يرى جميع الأمور

i.e., he sees all matters

Words 42–49 · 1 of 6

عَلَى ما هوَ عَلَيْهِ فلا بُدَّ أنْ يَراهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿على ما هو عليه ولا بد أن يراه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي أن يرى أمر نفسه (هكذا) أي على ما هو عليه من أخذ واتباع ومشكاتية وختمية وغير ذلك من الأمور التي كانت في حق نفسه. (وهو) أي أخذه هذا العلم عن الله

i.e., see the matter of himself (thus) i.e., as it truly is, in terms of taking, following, niche-relation, sealhood, and other matters that pertained to himself. (And it) i.e., his taking of this knowledge from God

Words 46–50 · 1 of 6

فلا بُدَّ أنْ يَراهُ هكذا

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿فلا بد أن يراه هكذا﴾

أي على ما هو عليه في علم الله سبحانه وإلا لم يكن خاتمة (وهو)، أي كونه رائية لكل أمر على ما هو عليه

that is, as it is in the knowledge of God, exalted be He - for otherwise he would not be the Seal - (and it is), that is, his being one who sees every matter as it is,

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وهو موضع اللبنة الذهبية في الباطن﴾

أي، كونه رائيا للأمر الإلهي، على ما هو عليه في الغيب، هو موضع اللبنة الذهبية

that is, his seeing the divine matter as it truly is in the unseen (ghayb) constitutes the place of the golden brick

Ibn Turka

﴿وهو موضع اللبنة الذهبيّة في الباطن﴾

فإنّها كمال الفضّة المتبطَّن فيها ، وغايتها المساقة هي إليها ، فيراه على تلك الصورة ضرورة

for it is the perfection of silver latent within it, and the completing end toward which it is driven; so he necessarily sees it in that form.

Jāmī

﴿موضع اللبنة الذهبية في الباطن﴾

وتحققه بهذه الرؤية انطباعه فيه . قوله : في الباطن، على ما هو في بعض النسخ متعلق بالرؤية

and his being realized in this vision is his being imprinted in it. His statement 'inwardly,' as it is in some manuscripts, is connected to 'the vision.'

Bālī Zāde

﴿موضع اللبنة الذهبية في الباطن﴾

وإنما أخذ هذا العلم عن الله (فإنه) أي لأن خاتم الأولياء

And he took this knowledge from God only (because he) i.e., because the Seal of the saints

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإنه يأخذ من المعدن الذي يأخذ منه الملك الذي يوحى به إلى الرسول﴾

وهو الحق تعالى

namely, the Real, exalted is He

Ibn Turka

﴿فإنّه أخذ من المعدن الذي يأخذ منه الملك الذي يوحى به إلى الرسول﴾

فيكون صافية عن شوائب الوسائط التي بها يتمكَّن أن يظهر على الكافة ، أعني بياض الفضّة ، فإنّه مع كمال الظهور متوسّط في غاية كماله النوعي ، بخلاف صفرة الذهب ، فإنّها مع جامعيّتها بين بياض الظهور وسواد البطون لها الغاية الكماليّة التي لا يتخلَّلها الوسائط . فلئن قيل : كان الأنسب لرؤية رؤيا اللبنتين خاتم الأنبياء ، لجامعيّته بين الولاية والنبوّة ؟ قلن : إنّما يكون كذلك لو كان المراد باللبنة الذهبيّة هي الولاية - كما توهّمه من هو ذاهل عن لطائف إشارات الشيخ ودقائق مرموزاته - فأمّا إذا كان المراد بها ما ذكرناه مما أخذ عن الله في السرّ من الصور المتّبعة فيها - على ما هو صريح عبارة الشيخ - فلا فإنّ الحائط الذي في تمثيل خاتم الأنبياء هو بعينه الحائط الذي يراه خاتم الأولياء من حيث أنّه صورة حيطة النبوّة بأوضاعها ، إلَّا أنّه لاختصاصه بالأخذ من المعدن ، والكشف عن سرّ ذلك لا بدّ وأن يرى الحائط مشتملا على النوعين من اللبنتين ، ويرى نفسه منطبعة في موضع اللبنتين اللتين من متمّماته وأعاليه ، فإنّهما صورة السرّ المأخوذ من المعدن ، الذي هو الغاية الكماليّة ، وصورة الواسطة الواقعة بينه وبين تلك الغاية ، فهو صورتهما بعينهما بخلاف خاتم الأنبياء ، فإنّ الواسطة في موقف نبوّته هو الملك الذي يوحى به إليه ، وهو خارج عنه ، غيره وفي هذا الكلام دقائق إنّما يتفطَّن إليها اللبيب بقوّة ذكائه وذوقه . وفي تخصيصه التمثيل بخاتم الأنبياء ، والرؤية بخاتم الأولياء ما يطلعك على هذا . وفي عقدي « الولي » و « النبي » أيضا ما يلوّح على اختصاص خاتم الولاية بالوجهين ، وهما رؤية اللبنة متعددة ، وأنّ إحداها « 1 » من الذهب ، فإنّ الأولى هي صورة زيادة الكشف على الوضع ، والثانية صورة عدم الواسطة بينه وبين الغاية التي ليس وراءها غاية . وإلى أمثال هذه التنبيهات أشار بقوله

so it is pure of the taints of intermediaries through which it becomes possible for it to manifest to all — I mean the whiteness of silver, for despite the completeness of its manifestation, it is an intermediary short of the utmost of its specific perfection, unlike the yellowness of gold, for despite its combining the whiteness of manifestation and the blackness of nonmanifestation, it possesses the perfective end unmixed by any intermediaries. Now if it be said: would it not have been more fitting for the vision of the two bricks to belong to the Seal of the Prophets, given his combination of sainthood (walāya) and prophecy (nubuwwa)? We say: that would be so only if what were meant by the golden brick were sainthood itself — as is imagined by one heedless of the Shaykh's subtle allusions and fine symbols — but if what is meant by it is what we have mentioned, namely what is taken from God in secret among the followed forms — as is explicit in the Shaykh's expression — then no. For the wall in the parable of the Seal of the Prophets is the very same wall seen by the Seal of the Saints, insofar as it is the form of prophecy's encompassing (ḥiyāṭa) through its ordinances; except that, due to his particular taking from the source (maʿdin), and the unveiling of the secret of that, he must necessarily see the wall as comprising the two kinds of bricks, and see himself imprinted in the place of the two bricks that are among its completions and its highest parts — for they are the form of the secret taken from the source, which is the perfective end, and the form of the intermediary occurring between him and that end; he is the very form of both together — unlike the Seal of the Prophets, for whom the intermediary in the station of his prophecy is the angel who reveals to him, which is external to him, other than him. In this discourse are subtleties which only the discerning perceives through the strength of his acumen and taste. And in his particularizing the parable to the Seal of the Prophets, and the vision to the Seal of the Saints, is something that will alert you to this. And in my two convictions concerning "the saint" and "the prophet" there is likewise an indication of the Seal of Sainthood's (khātam al-walāya) special distinction by the two aspects: the vision of the brick as multiple, and that one of them is of gold — for the first is the form of unveiling's surplus over the Law's ordinance, and the second is the form of the absence of any intermediary between him and the end beyond which there is no further end. And to the like of these alerting indications he referred in his saying:]

Jāmī

﴿فإنه أخذ﴾

تعليل للرؤية، أي أن خاتم %~% متن نص فصوص الحكم : الملك الذي يوحي به إلى الرسول. فإن فهمت ما أشرت به فقد حصل لك العلم النافع بكل شي ء. فكل نبي من لدن آدم إلى آخر نبي ما منهم أحد يأخذ إلا من مشكاة خاتم النبيين، وإن تأخر وجود طينته، فإنه بحقيقته موجود. وهو قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: «كنت نبيا وآدم بين الماء و الطين». و غيره من الأنبياء ما كان نبيا إلا حين بعث. شرح الجامي : الأولياء أخذ الأحكام الشرعية التي يتبع خاتم الرسل فيها

is an explanation for the vision, that is, that the Seal %~% Text of the Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam: 'of the angel who reveals it to the Messenger. So if you understand what I have alluded to, you have attained beneficial knowledge of everything. For every prophet, from Adam to the last prophet, there is not one of them who takes except from the niche of the Seal of the Prophets, even though the existence of his clay came later, for he is existent in his reality. This is his - God bless him and grant him peace - saying: 'I was a prophet while Adam was between water and clay.' And the other prophets were not prophets except when they were sent.' Al-Jāmī's commentary: of the Saints takes the legal rulings that the Seal of the Messengers is followed in.

Bālī Zāde

﴿أخذ من المعدن الذي يأخذ منه الملك الذي يوحي﴾

الحق ما أخذه الملك من هذا المعدن (به) أي بواسطة الملك

— that is, the Real, [and] what the angel took from this source (by it) i.e., by means of the angel

Jāmī

﴿من المعدن الذي يأخذ منه الملك الذي يوحي به﴾

أي بسبب هذا الملك

that is, by means of this angel

Words 68–69 · 2 of 6

إلى الرَّسُولِ

Jāmī

﴿إلى الرسول﴾

و ذلك المعدن باطن علم الله فلا جرم يراه على ما هو عليه

- and that source is the inward aspect of the knowledge of God; so it is inevitable that he sees it as it is.

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلى الرسول﴾

فهذا المعدن ليس إلا هو الحق فإن كان معدن العلمين واحدا فما كان علم الباطن إلا وجها خاصا من وجوه الشريعة. وهو الذي لا يعلم إلا عن الكشف الإلهي الذي لا يحصل إلا بعد تحصيل الولاية فهما متحدان في المآل. لذلك يسمى علم التأويل بل هو أصل علم الشريعة وروحه ولا مخالفة بينهما إلا عند أهل الحجاب

For this source is none other than the Real Himself; and since the source of the two [kinds of] knowledge is one, the inward knowledge (ʿilm al-bāṭin) is but a particular aspect among the aspects of the Law. It is that which is known only through divine unveiling (al-kashf al-ilāhī), which is not attained except after the attainment of sainthood; so the two are united in their ultimate outcome. For that reason it is called 'the knowledge of interpretation' (ʿilm al-taʾwīl); rather, it is the root of the knowledge of the Law and its spirit, and there is no opposition between the two except in the view of the people of the veil.

al-Jandī

﴿فإن فهمت ما أشرت إليه ، حصل لك العلم النافع﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

يعني رضي الله عنه لكونه مفيضا إلى كمال التبعية المنتج لكمال التحقّق بالحقيقة ، فإنّ حصول هذا العلم النافع إنّما هو بكمال التبعية لرسول الله صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم المنتجة لمحبّة الله من قوله تعالى : " فَاتَّبِعُونِي يُحْبِبْكُمُ الله ". فمن كان أكمل في تبعيته والتخلَّق بأخلاقه صلَّى الله عليه وسلَّم فهو الأفضل في التحقّق والأكمل في التخلَّق بحقائق الأخلاق الإلهيّة . قال رضي الله عنه

— meaning, may God be pleased with him, because it is what effuses the perfection of following [the Prophet], which produces the perfection of realization (taḥaqquq) through the Reality. For the attainment of this beneficial knowledge is only through perfect following of the Messenger of God, God bless him and grant him peace, which produces the love of God, from His saying, exalted is He: "Follow me, and God will love you." So whoever is more perfect in following him and in taking on his character traits, God bless him and grant him peace, is more excellent in realization and more perfect in assuming the character of the divine ethical realities. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فان فهمت ما أشرت إليه فقد حصل لك العلم النافع﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، إن اطلعت و قبلت ما أشرت إليه من أن الأنبياء من كونهم أولياء، والأولياء كلهم لا يرون الحق إلا من مشكاة خاتم الأولياء، فقد حصل لك العلم النافع في الآخرة. أو إن فهمت الرمز الذي أشرت به من أن الخاتم هو بعينه خاتم الرسل الظاهر لبيان الأسرار والحقائق آخرا، كما بين الأحكام والشرائع أولا، فقد حصل لكم العلم النافع على ما مر من المعنيين

that is, if you have grasped and accepted what I have alluded to — namely, that the prophets, insofar as they are saints, and all the saints without exception, see the Real only from the niche (mishkāt) of the Seal of the Saints — then you have attained beneficial knowledge for the hereafter. Or, if you have understood the allusion I have made by it — namely, that the Seal is, in his very person, the manifest Seal of the Messengers, for the clarification of secrets and realities at the end, just as he clarified rulings and laws at the beginning — then you have attained beneficial knowledge according to either of the two meanings set forth above

Ibn Turka

﴿فإن فهمت ما أشرت به فقد حصل لك العلم النافع﴾

ضرورة أنّ النافع من العلوم هو ما يختصّ بنيله أهالي كلّ زمان ، من اولي نهايات الكمال فيه ، فإنّه ممّا يترقى به المستعدّ ومن انخرط في سلك المسترشدين منه في ذلك الزمان بالوقوف عليه من مواقف تقاعده وتكاسله إلى معارج الطلب والسلوك ، حتّى يتّصل بهم ، كخصائص خاتم الولاية في زماننا هذا . ثمّ إنّ في كلام الشيخ ما يدلّ على أنّه هو الخاتم للولاية الخاصّة المحمّديّة. وأنّه قد رأى الرؤية المذكورة بذلك الوجه المقرّر وقد صرّح في الفتوحات أنّه قد ظهر له ذلك في سنة خمس وتسعين وخمسمائة بمدينة فاس مدينة بالمغرب . "الفتوحات المكية : الباب الثالث والسبعون ، جواب السؤال الثالث عشر من أسئلة الترمذي ، 2 / 49 . "وأما ختم الولاية المحمدية ، فهي لرجل من العرب ، من أكرمها أصلا ويدا ، وهو في زماننا اليوم موجود ، عرفت به سنة خمس وتسعين وخمس مائة ، ورأيت العلامة التي له قد أخفاها الحقّ فيه عن عيون عباده ، وكشفها لي بمدينة فاس ، حتى رأيت خاتم الولاية منه ، وهو خاتم النبوة المطلقة ولا يعلمها كثير من الناس ، وقد ابتلاه الله بأهل الإنكار عليه فيما يتحقّق به من الحقّ في سرّه من العلم به " وذلك يدلّ على أنّه مما خصّه الله به من الولاية المحمّدية ، لا الولاية العامّة كما يدلّ إذا حوسب معه زمان ظهور هذا الكتاب أنّه هو لبّ ما ظهر له من المعارف الختميّة وخصائصها ، على ما يتنبّه إليه الفطن . وإذ قد لا يخفى على من له دربة بأساليب ذوي التحقيق أنّ الغاية هي التي تساوق الفاعل في مطلق الوجود ، لكمالها الخاصّ بها ، فإنّها توجد أوّلا بوجود الفاعل وتتّحد معه وتشوّقه إلى ذلك الكمال الخاصّ بها ، ثمّ تسوقه « 3 » نحو مباشرة الفعل المفضي إليها ، وأمّا ما توسّط بينها وبين الفاعل ممّا يتدرّج إلى تلك الغاية فإنّما يوجد بكماله بعد مباشرة الفعل إيّاه وجوده بالفعل ، لأنّ وجوده متأخّر عن الفاعل وفعله مباين له غير متّحد به أصلا

out of the necessity that beneficial knowledge is that which is specific to what the people of each age attain, from among those possessing the ultimate degrees of perfection therein. For it is that by which the one possessing preparedness (istiʿdād), and whoever is enrolled in the ranks of those seeking guidance from him in that age, is elevated—through standing upon it—from the stations of inertia and indolence to the ascending degrees of seeking and wayfaring (sulūk), until he attains connection with them, just as with the specific properties (khaṣāʾiṣ) of the Seal of Sainthood (khātam al-walāya) in this our age. Then, in the Shaykh's words there is that which indicates that he himself is the Seal of the special Muhammadan sainthood (al-walāya al-khāṣṣa al-muḥammadiyya), and that he had the aforementioned vision (ruʾyā) in that established manner. He has explicitly stated in al-Futūḥāt that this appeared to him in the year 595 [AH] in the city of Fez, a city in the Maghrib. "Al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya: Chapter 73, Answer to the Thirteenth Question of al-Tirmidhī's Questions, 2/49." "As for the sealing of Muhammadan sainthood, it belongs to a man of the Arabs, of the most noble in origin and hand, and he exists today, in our age. I came to know of him in the year 595, and I saw the sign that was his, which the Real had concealed in him from the eyes of His servants, and He unveiled it to me in the city of Fez, so that I saw the Seal of Sainthood from him, which is the Seal of Absolute Prophethood, though many people do not know of it. God has tried him with people who deny him concerning what is realized in him of the Real, in his secret, from the knowledge of it." This indicates that this is among what God singled him out with of Muhammadan sainthood—not general sainthood—as is indicated when the time of this book's appearance is reckoned against it, [showing] that it is the core of what appeared to him of the sealing gnoses (al-maʿārif al-khatmiyya) and their specific properties, as the discerning person will take note of. And since it is not hidden from one who has skill in the methods of the people of realization (ahl al-taḥqīq) that the end (ghāya) is that which accompanies the agent throughout existence generally, on account of its perfection specific to it—for it exists first through the existence of the agent and unites with it and stirs it with longing toward that perfection specific to it, then it drives it toward the actual performance of the act that leads to it—whereas what is intermediate between it and the agent, among what gradually leads toward that end, exists in its completeness only after the agent's performance of the act; its existence [comes] through the act, since its existence is posterior to the agent, and its act is distinct from it, not united with it at all

Jāmī

﴿فإن فهمت ما أشرت به﴾

من أن الأنبياء من كونهم أولياء والأولياء كلهم لا يرون الحق إلا من مشكاة خاتم الأولياء الذي هو مظهر ولاية خاتم الرسل

namely that the prophets, in respect of their being saints (awliyāʾ), and the saints altogether, do not see the Real except from the niche (mishkāt) of the Seal of the Saints, who is the locus of manifestation (maẓhar) of the sainthood (walāya) of the Seal of the Messengers

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإن فهمت ما أشرت به﴾

من الختم والمشكاة وغير ذلك. فخذ واعمل به

regarding sealhood, the niche-relation, and other matters — then take it and act upon it

Jāmī

﴿فقد حصل لك العلم النافع﴾

المفضي إلى كمال متابعة خاتم المرسل المنتج كمال التحقيق تحقيقه الولاية

which leads to the perfection of following the Seal of the Messengers, which produces the perfect realization (taḥqīq) — his realization of sainthood (walāya)

Bālī Zāde

﴿فقد حصل لك العلم النافع﴾

الذي تفتح منه علوم كثيرة نافعة لك في الدنيا والآخرة ، إذ هو العلم الكلي الذي هو أجل العلوم

from which many benefits open up for you in this world and the next, since it is the universal knowledge which is the most exalted of the sciences

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.