Mashrabaمشربة

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فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ نَفْثِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ شِيثِيَّةٍ

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20 · 77 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَمَنْ فَهِمَ المَراتِبَ والمَقامَاتِ لم يَعْسُرْ عَلَيْهِ قَبولُ مِثْلِ هذا الكَلامِ وأمَّا المِنَحُ الأَسْمَائِيَّةُ فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ مَنْحَ اللهِ تعالى خَلْقَهُ رَحْمَةً منهُ بِهِمْ وهيَ كُلُّها مِنَ الأَسْماءِ فَإِمَّا رَحْمَةٌ خالِصَةٌ كَالطَّيِّبِ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ اللَّذِيذِ في الدُّنْيا الخالِصِ يومَ القِيامَةِ وَيُعْطِي ذلكَ الاسْمُ الرَّحْمَنُ فهوَ عَطاءٌ رَحْمَانِيٌّ وإِمَّا رَحْمَةٌ مُمتَزِجَةٌ كَشُرْبِ الدَّواءِ الكرِهِ الذي يَعْقُبُ شُرْبَهُ الرَّاحَةَ وهوَ عَطاءٌ إِلَهِيٌّ فإنَّ العَطاءَ الإِلَهِيَّ لا يتمكن إِطْلاقُ عَطائِهِ منهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَكونَ على يَدِ سادِنٍ مِنْ سَدَنَةِ الأَسْماءِ

So whoever understands the ranks and the stations will not find it hard to accept the like of this discourse. As for the bestowals of the Names: know that God's (exalted is He) bestowing [gifts] upon His creatures is a mercy from Him toward them, and all of it is from the Names. For it is either pure mercy, such as what is wholesome of provision, delightful in this world [and] pure on the Day of Resurrection [cf. Q 7:32], and that is given by the name the All-Merciful, so it is an all-merciful gift. Or it is mixed mercy, such as drinking a loathsome medicine whose drinking is followed by relief, and that is a divine gift. For in the divine gift, the release of its giving from Him cannot be effected without its being at the hand of one of the custodians of the Names.

On the whole passage · 2 of 5

al-Qāshānī

﴿فأما رحمة خالصة كالطيب من الرزق اللذين في الدنيا الخالص يوم القيامة ويعطى ذلك اسم الرحمن فهو عطاء رحمانى ، وأما رحمة ممتزجة كشرب الدواء الكره الذي يعقب شربه الراحة وهو العطاء الإلهي ، فإن العطايا الإلهية لا يمكن إطلاق عطائه منه من غير أن يكون على يد سادن من سدنة الأسماء فتارة يعطى الله العبد على يد الرحمن فيخلص له العطاء من الشوب الذي لا يلائم الطبع في الوقت أو لا ينيل الغرض وما أشبه ذلك ، وتارة يعطى على يدي الواسع فيعم أو على يدي الحكيم فينظروا في الأصلح في الوقت أو على يدي الواهب فيعطى التنعم ، ولا يكون مع الواهب تكليف المعطى له بعوض على ذلك من شكر أو عمل﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

إشارة إلى أن الرحمة الرحمانية لا يشوبها شوب من غيرها من كراهة أو بشاعة أو شيء غير لذيذ فإن خاصية الرحمة النفع الخالص أو اللذة الخالصة . فإن شابها شيء من كراهة وهو عطاء إلهى لأن من الأسماء الإلهية الحكيم والحكمة تقتضي تحمل كراهة قليلة تعقبها راحة كثيرة كشرب الدواء الكرية يعقبه الراحة والصحة كما مثل به ، وإنما سماه إلهيا لأنه ممتزج من مقتضيات أسماء عدة . ولا يمكن إطلاق العطاء الإلهي إلا على يد سادن من سدنة الأسماء لأن الإله هو المعبود والمعبود معبود بالنسبة إلى العابد هو الذي يسد جهة فقره إلى المعبود وكما أن المريض يعبد اسم الشافي ويدعوه وقد يكون عطاؤه من اسم واحد وقد يكون من أسماء كثيرة ممتزجة فتمتزج مقتضياتها . قوله

provision which are in this world purely, and on the Day of Resurrection it is given the name al-Raḥmān — it is a Raḥmānic bestowal (ʿaṭāʾ raḥmānī). As for mixed mercy, such as drinking bitter medicine which is followed by relief — that is the Divine bestowal (al-ʿaṭāʾ al-ilāhī). For it is not possible for a Divine bestowal to be given except at the hand of a warden (sādin) from among the wardens of the [divine] names. Sometimes God gives to the servant at the hand of al-Raḥmān, so the bestowal is purified for him from any admixture that is uncongenial to nature in that moment, or that does not attain the aim, and the like of that. Sometimes He gives at the hands of al-Wāsiʿ (the All-Encompassing), so it becomes general; or at the hands of al-Ḥakīm (the Wise), so they consider what is most fitting for the moment; or at the hands of al-Wāhib (the Bestower), so enjoyment is given, and with al-Wāhib there is no obligation upon the recipient of a recompense such as gratitude or [religious] work] — this indicates that Raḥmānic mercy is not mixed with any admixture from other than it, of unpleasantness, ugliness, or anything not delightful; for the property of mercy is pure benefit or pure pleasure. If some unpleasantness mixes with it, it is a Divine bestowal, because among the Divine names is al-Ḥakīm (the Wise), and wisdom requires bearing a small unpleasantness followed by great relief — like the drinking of the bitter medicine followed by relief and health, as he illustrated. He called it 'Divine' (ilāhī) because it is mixed from the requirements of several names, and it is not possible for a Divine bestowal to be given except at the hand of a warden from among the wardens of the [divine] names, because the Divinity (al-ilāh) is that which is worshipped, and the worshipped is worshipped in relation to the worshipper insofar as He is the One who fills the direction of the worshipper's need toward the worshipped one — just as the sick person worships the name al-Shāfī (the Healer) and calls upon it. Sometimes His bestowal comes from a single name, and sometimes from many names mixed together, so their requirements become intermixed. His saying,

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وأما المنح الأسمائية، فاعلم أن منح الله تعالى خلقه رحمة منه بهم. وهي كلها من الأسماء: فإما رحمة خالصة كالطيب من الرزق اللذيذ في الدنيا، الخالص يوم القيامة، ويعطى ذلك الاسم الرحمن، فهو عطاء رحماني. وإما رحمة ممتزجة كشرب الدواء الكريه الذي يعقب شربه الراحة، وهو عطاء إلهي. فإن العطايا الإلهية لا يمكن إطلاق عطائه منه من غير أن يكون على يدي سادن من سدنة الأسماء﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لما فرع من تقرير التجليات الذاتية، وما انجر الكلام إليه، شرع في تقرير التجليات الأسمائية ومنحها، فقال

Names] Having finished establishing the Essential self-disclosures (tajalliyāt dhātiyya), and having been led by the discourse to this point, he began to establish the self-disclosures pertaining to the Names and their bestowals, saying:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فمن فهم المراتب والمقامات لم يعسره قبول مثل هذا الكلام﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

تقدمه على الأسماء الإلهية إشارة إلى ما جاء في الحديث: إن رسول الله، عليه السلام، هو أول من يفتح باب الشفاعة، فيشفع في الخلق، ثم الأنبياء، ثم الأولياء، ثم المؤمنون، وآخر من يشفع هو أرحم الراحمين. ومن يفهم ويطلع على أحدية الذات الظاهرة في المراتب المتكثرة وعلى أن كل موجود له سيادة في مرتبته، كما أن لكل اسم سلطنة على ما يتعلق به، لا يعسر عليه قبول مثل هذا الكلام ألا ترى أن "الرحمن" مع أنه اسم جامع للأسماء وله الحيطة التامة، يشفع عند "المنتقم" الذي هو من سدنته بعد شفاعة الشافعين كلهم وذلك التأخر لا يوجب نقصه. وسر ذلك أن "الرحمن" جامع للأسماء الإلهية ومن جملتها "المنتقم"، فهو الذي ظهر يوم القيامة بصفة الانتقام وصار منتقما، كما ظهر في مواطن أخر الدنياوية والأخراوية بصفة الرحمة المفهومة من ظاهر اسمه، ولهذا قال تعالى حكاية عن إبراهيم: "يا أبت إني أخاف أن يمسك عذاب من الرحمن". فظهر سر الأولية في الآخرية في هذه الشفاعة

His precedence over the Divine Names alludes to what has come in the ḥadīth: that the Messenger of God, upon him peace, is the first to open the gate of intercession, interceding for creation; then the prophets; then the saints; then the believers; and the last to intercede is the Most Merciful of the merciful (Arḥam al-Rāḥimīn). Whoever understands and perceives the oneness of the Essence manifest within the multiple ranks, and [understands] that every existent has a mastership in its own rank — just as every Name has a sovereignty over what pertains to it — will not find it difficult to accept such a statement. Do you not see that "al-Raḥmān," despite being a comprehensive Name gathering [all] the Names and possessing complete encompassment, intercedes with "al-Muntaqim," who is one of its own attendants, only after the intercession of all the [other] intercessors — and that this deferral does not entail any deficiency in it? The secret of this is that "al-Raḥmān" is comprehensive of the Divine Names, among which is "al-Muntaqim"; so it is He who, on the Day of Resurrection, appears with the attribute of vengeance and becomes the Avenger, just as in other stations — worldly and otherworldly — He appeared with the attribute of mercy understood from the outward sense of His Name. Hence God Most High said, relating the words of Abraham: "O my father, indeed I fear that a punishment from the Merciful (al-Raḥmān) will touch you." Thus the secret of the First (al-Awwaliyya) appears within the Last (al-Ākhiriyya) in this intercession.

Ibn Turka

﴿فمن فهم المراتب﴾

الوجوديّة ( والمقامات ) الشهوديّة

the existential [ranks], and the witnessing stations

Jāmī

﴿فمن فهم المراتب﴾

أي مراتب الولاية والنبوة والرسالة. (والمقامات)، أي مقامات أصحابها وكذلك مراتب الأسماء الإلهية ومقامات مظاهرها

that is, the ranks of sainthood, prophecy, and messengership, (and the stations) — that is, the stations of those who possess them, and likewise the ranks of the Divine Names and the stations of their loci of manifestation

Bālī Zāde

﴿فمن فهم المراتب والمقامات﴾

على ما هي عليه

as they truly are

Ibn Turka

﴿لم يعسر عليه قبول مثل هذا الكلام﴾

المنح الأسمائية هذا كلَّه في الأعطيات الذاتيّة

regarding the gifts pertaining to the Names (al-minaḥ al-asmāʾiyya)—all this concerns the essential bestowals (al-aʿṭiyāt al-dhātiyya)

Jāmī

﴿لم يعسر عليه قبول مثل هذا الكلام﴾

المنبي، عن تقدم %~% متن نص فصوص الحكم : وأما المنح الأسمائية فاعلم أن منح الله تعالى خلقه رحمة منه بهم، وهي لها من الأسماء. فأما زحمة خالصة كالطيب من الرزق اللذيذ في الدنيا الخالص يوم القيامة، ويعطى ذلك الاسم الرحمن فهو عطاء رحماني، وإما رحمة ممتزجة كشرب الدواء الكره الذي يقب شربه الراحة، وهي عطاء إلهي ,فإن العطايا الإلهية ، لا يمكن شرح الجامي : الولي الخاتم بحسب حقیقته على الرسول الخاتم على الأسماء الإلهية . اعلم أن الظاهر من كلام الشيخ مؤيد الدين الجندي أن مراد الشيخ بخاتم الولاية نفسه، وهو الظاهر كما يدل عليه كلامه في الفتوحات المكية. فإن كلامه فيها يشير إلى أنه خاتم الولاية الخاصة المحمدية . والشيخ شرف الدين داود القيصري صرح بأن المراد بخاتم الولاية هو عيسى عليه السلام مستدلا بأن الشيخ رضي الله عنه صرح في الفتوحات بأنه عليه السلام خاتم الولاية المطلقة . والشيخ كمال الدين عبد الرزاق أشار إلى أن خاتم الولاية هو المهدي الموعود ولكنه ينافي ما نقله القيصري من الفتوحات . قال الشيخ صدر الدين القونوي قدس الله سره في تفسير الفاتحة إن الله تعالى: 1- ختم الخلافة الظاهرة في هذه الأمة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بالمهدي عليه السلام. 2- وختم مطلق الخلافة عن الله سبحانه بعيسى ابن مريم صلوات الله على نبينا وعليه . 3- وختم الولاية المحمدية لمن تحقق بالبرزخية الثابتة بين الذات والألوهية. هذا ما قالوه والله سبحانه أعلم بحقيقة الحال. ولما فرغ من تقرير التجليات الذاتية وما أنجر الكلام إليه شرع في تقرير التجليات الأسمائية . فقال

indicating a precedence %~% Text of Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam: "As for the nominal gifts (al-minaḥ al-asmāʾiyya), know that God Most High's gifts to His creation are a mercy from Him toward them, and they all belong to the [divine] Names. As for a pure mercy — like the delightful sustenance in this world, pure [in reward] on the Day of Resurrection — it is given by the Name the All-Merciful (al-Raḥmān), so it is a Raḥmānī gift; and as for a mixed mercy — like the drinking of bitter medicine whose drinking is followed by ease — it is a divine (ilāhī) gift. For the divine gifts, it is not possible..." Commentary of al-Jāmī: [On] the Seal saint (al-walī al-khātam) according to his reality, in relation to the Seal messenger (al-rasūl al-khātam), concerning the divine Names. Know that what is apparent from the words of Shaykh Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī is that the Shaykh's [Ibn ʿArabī's] intent by 'the Seal of Sainthood' is himself, and this is the apparent [meaning], as indicated by his words in al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya. For his words therein indicate that he is the Seal of the specific Muhammadan sainthood (al-walāya al-khāṣṣa al-Muḥammadiyya). And Shaykh Sharaf al-Dīn Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī declared explicitly that what is meant by 'the Seal of Sainthood' is Jesus, peace be upon him, arguing that the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, stated explicitly in al-Futūḥāt that he (peace be upon him) is the Seal of absolute sainthood (al-walāya al-muṭlaqa). And Shaykh Kamāl al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Razzāq indicated that the Seal of Sainthood is the awaited Mahdī, but this contradicts what al-Qayṣarī related from al-Futūḥāt. Shaykh Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī, may God sanctify his secret, said in his commentary on the Fātiḥa that God Most High: 1 — sealed the manifest caliphate in this community, [succeeding] from the Prophet, God bless him and grant him peace, with the Mahdī, peace be upon him. 2 — and sealed the absolute caliphate from God, glory be to Him, with Jesus son of Mary, God's blessings be upon our Prophet and upon him. 3 — and sealed the Muhammadan sainthood for whoever is realized in the fixed intermediary station (barzakhiyya) between the Essence and Divinity (al-ulūhiyya). This is what they said, and God, glory be to Him, knows best the reality of the matter. And when he had finished establishing the essential self-disclosures (al-tajalliyāt al-dhātiyya) and what the discourse had led to, he began to establish the nominal self-disclosures (al-tajalliyāt al-asmāʾiyya). So he said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿لم يعسر عليه قبول مثل هذا الكلام﴾

لما فرغ عن بيان العطايا الذاتية شرع في بيان العطايا الأسمائية فقال

Having finished explaining the essential gifts (al-ʿaṭāyā al-dhātiyya), he began explaining the gifts pertaining to the Names, saying:

al-Qāshānī

﴿وأما المنح الأسمائية فاعلم أن منح الله تعالى خلقه رحمة منه بهم﴾

إشارة إلى أن المنح الأسمائية كلها بعد الوجود فإنه من الأعطية الذاتية كما مر . ولهذا قال

names, know that God's bestowal upon His creatures is a mercy from Him toward them] — this indicates that the bestowals related to the names all come after existence, for it [existence itself] is among the essential gifts (al-aʿṭiya al-dhātiyya), as previously mentioned. This is why he said,

Ibn Turka

﴿وأمّا المنح الأسمائيّة﴾

- وفي تخصيص لفظ « المنح » بالأسمائيّة و " العطاء " بالذاتيّة ما قيل من أنّ " المنح : تمليك الانتفاع دون الرقبة ، والعطاء تمليك الرقبة " وما نبّهتك عليه في طي التلويحات من اختصاص الأفراد بطرف بطون الذات واختصاص الأزواج بظهور الأسماء ومنه أيضا علم وجه اختصاص العطاء الذاتي ب « الله » ، والأسمائي ب « الرحمن » ، مع ما في الأوّل من معنى الوله والحيرة ، التي هي مقتضى البطون وما في الثاني من معنى الرحمة والوجود ، الذي هو مقتضى الظهور ، ولذلك قال

- Regarding the specification of the term "minaḥ" (grants) to the Names-based and "ʿaṭāʾ" (giving) to the Essence-based, it has been said that "minaḥ is the granting of ownership of usufruct without the substance, while ʿaṭāʾ is the granting of ownership of the substance itself." And what I alerted you to within the indications regarding the specification of the Solitary Ones (afrād) by the aspect of the nonmanifestation of the Essence, and the specification of the Pairs (azwāj) by the manifestation of the Names - from this too is known the reason for specifying the Essence-based giving to "Allāh" and the Names-based to "al-Raḥmān," along with what is in the first of the meaning of bewilderment and perplexity, which is the requirement of nonmanifestation, and what is in the second of the meaning of mercy and existence, which is the requirement of manifestation. That is why he said

Jāmī

﴿وأما المنح الأسمائية فاعلم أن منح الله تعالى خلقه﴾

الفائضة من الحضرة الإلهية عليهم رحمة منه سبحانه

which flow (al-fāʾiḍa) from the Divine Presence upon them are a mercy from Him, glory be to Him

Bālī Zāde

﴿وأما المنح الأسمائية﴾

فعلى أنواع حذف الجواب للعلم به وفي بعض النسخ (فاعلم) فحينئذ يكون الجواب فاعلم

they are of various kinds — the apodosis is omitted since it is known; in some copies it reads (know), in which case the apodosis is "know"

al-Qayṣarī

﴿اعلم، أن منح الله تعالى خلقه رحمة منه بهم﴾

أي، إن المنح والعطايا كلها لا تفيض إلا من الحضرة الإلهية المشتملة على الذات والصفات، لكن لا من حيث ذاتها بل من حيث صفاتها وأسمائها. وأول ما يفيض عليهم رحمة الوجود والحياة، ثم ما يتبعهما. وهي ينقسم ثلاثة أقسام : رحمة محضة بحسب الظاهر والباطن، ورحمة ممتزجة. وهي إما في الظاهر رحمة وفي الباطن نقمة، أو بالعكس. كما قال أمير المؤمنين، عليه السلام: (سبحان من اتسعت رحمته لأوليائه في شدة نقمته، واشتدت نقمته على أعدائه في سعة رحمته). الأولى، كالرزق اللذيذ الطيب، أي الحلال في الدنيا، وكالعلوم والمعارف النافعة في الآخرة. والثانية ، كالأشياء الملائمة للطبع، كأكل الحرام و شرب الخمر وسائر الفسوق الموافقة للنفس المبعدة للقلب عن الحق. والثالثة، كشرب الدواء الكريه الذي يعقب شربه الراحة والصحة. والأولى عطاء رحماني بحسب ظهور الرحمة المحضة منه، هذا من حيث إنه صفة مقابلة للإسم "المنتقم" لا من حيث إنه اسم الذات مع جميع الصفات، كقوله تعالى: "قل ادعوا الله أو ادعوا الرحمن". والثانية والثالثة عطاء إلهي، أي باعتبار جامعيته للصفات لا باعتبار الذات. فلا يمكن إلا على يد سادن من السدنة، أي خادم من خدمة الأشياء، لأن العطاء لا بد أن يكون معينا. وإذا كان كذلك، ينسب إلى اسم يقتضيه فينسب إليه

That is, the bestowals and gifts all flow forth only from the Divine Presence, which comprises the Essence and the Attributes — but not in respect of its Essence, rather in respect of its Attributes and Names. The first thing that flows forth upon them is the mercy of existence and life, then what follows upon these two. This is divided into three kinds: pure mercy in respect of both the outward and the inward; mixed mercy — which is either outwardly mercy and inwardly vengeance, or the reverse, as the Commander of the Faithful, upon him peace, said: "Glory be to Him whose mercy has been ample for His friends amid the intensity of His vengeance, and whose vengeance has been intense against His enemies amid the amplitude of His mercy." The first [kind] is like wholesome, pleasant — i.e., licit — provision in this world, and like beneficial knowledge and gnosis in the Hereafter. The second is like things agreeable to natural disposition, such as eating what is forbidden, drinking wine, and other forms of licentiousness agreeable to the ego (nafs) that distance the heart from the Real. The third is like drinking a distasteful medicine whose drinking is followed by relief and health. The first is a Raḥmānī gift, in respect of the manifestation of pure mercy from Him — this being so insofar as it is an attribute standing opposite the Name "al-Muntaqim," not insofar as it is the Name of the Essence together with all the Attributes, as in His saying, Most High: "Say: call upon God, or call upon al-Raḥmān." The second and third are divine (ilāhī) gifts, that is, in respect of its [the Name Allah's] comprehensiveness of the Attributes, not in respect of the Essence. This is possible only at the hands of an attendant among the attendants (sādin min al-sadana) — that is, a servant among the servants of things — because the gift must necessarily be something specified/determined. And when it is thus, it is ascribed to a Name that requires it, and so it is attributed to it.

Ibn Turka

﴿اعلم أنّ منح الله تعالى خلقه رحمة منه بهم ، وهي كلَّها من الأسماء﴾

ضرورة أنّ الذات من حيث هي هي مقطوعة النسبة مطلقا عن الخلق ، إلَّا أنّ الرحمة الأسمائيّة على قسمين

- by necessity, since the Essence as such is absolutely cut off in relation from creation, except that Names-based mercy is of two kinds

Bālī Zāde

﴿أن منح الله تعالی﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي اعتبار الذات بجمعية الأسماء فكانت العطايا الحاصلة كلها اسمائية وفى العطايا الذاتية اعتبارها بحسب نفسه فكانت العطايا الحاصلة منه كلها ذاتية إلهية

i.e., the consideration of the Essence together with the totality of the Names, so all the gifts that occur would be gifts pertaining to the Names; whereas in the essential gifts, the consideration is of the Essence in itself, so all the gifts occurring from it are essential, divine gifts

Words 20–24 · 1 of 5

خَلْقَهُ رَحْمَةً منهُ بِهِمْ وهيَ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿خلقه رحمة منه بهم وهي﴾

أي الرحمة أو المنح (كلها) أي أنواعها وأصنافه

i.e., mercy or the gifts (all of it) i.e., all its types and kinds

al-Qāshānī

﴿وهي كلها من الأسماء﴾

فإنها رحمة على الخلق فكانت بعد الخلق . قوله رضي الله عنه

names] for they are a mercy upon creation, and thus came after creation. His saying, may God be pleased with him,

Jāmī

﴿بهم وهي﴾

أي تلك المنح (كلها) فائضة ، (من) حضرات (الأسماء) الإلهية لا من حضرة الذات من حيث إطلاقها. فإنها من هذه الحيثية لا يقتضي عطاء خاصة ومنحة معينة و هي تنقسم ثلاثة أقسام: 1-

i.e., those gifts (all of them) flow (fāʾiḍa) from the Presences (ḥaḍarāt) of the divine Names, not from the Presence of the Essence in respect of its absoluteness (iṭlāqihā); for [the Essence] in this respect does not entail any specific gift or particular bestowal. They are divided into three kinds: 1 —

Words 26–27 · 1 of 5

مِنَ الأَسْماءِ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿من الأسماء﴾

لكونها من حضرة من الحضرات الإلهية الجامعة بجميع الأسماء والصفات

since it belongs to one of the divine presences comprehending all the Names and Attributes

Ibn Turka

﴿فإمّا رحمة خالصة﴾

عن المنافرات وغير الملائمات - ممّا يشوب به صرافة الرحمة عاجلا وآجل

free from aversions and unsuitable things - from what taints the purity of mercy, immediately or

Jāmī

﴿فأما رحمة خالصة﴾

عن شرب كل نقمة (كالطيب) من الرزق اللذيذ في الدنيا بأن يكون ملائما للطبع (الخالص) عن سعة العذاب

free of any admixture of affliction — like the goodly (al-ṭayyib) delightful provision in this world, in that it is agreeable to nature — "pure" of the vastness of punishment

Bālī Zāde

﴿فأما رحمة خالصة كالطيب من الرزق اللذيذ في الدنيا الخالص يوم القيامة ويعطي ذلك العطاء اسم الرحمن فهو عطاء رحماني وأما رحمة ممتزجة بنقمة كشرب الدواء الكريه الذي تعقب شربه الراحة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

ويعطي ذلك اسم الله على يد الرحمن من حيث جامعيته للصفات المتقابلة لذلك كان العطاء الحاصل منه رحمة ممتزجة

this is given by the name Allāh, by the hand of al-Raḥmān, in respect of His comprehensiveness of opposing attributes; for this reason the resulting gift is a mixed mercy

Ibn Turka

﴿كالطيّب من الرزق اللذيذ في الدنيا ، الخالص يوم القيامة ، ويعطي ذلك الاسم الرحمن ، فهو عطاء رحماني … وإمّا رحمة ممتزجة ، كشرب الدواء الكرية الذي يعقب شربه الراحة ، وهو عطاء إلهي﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وإنّما اختصّ هذا بالإلهي مع أنّ الكلّ منه ، لما فيه من عدم الملاءمة التي تقابل الرحمة الوجوديّة ، فلا بدّ من انتسابه إلى ما يقابل الرحمن ، مما هو في حيطة خصوصيّة اسم الله ، كالقهّار والحكيم والضارّ ، إذ الحاصل من الكل إلهي . أقسام العطاي

, like the drinking of a bitter medicine which is followed by relief, and this is a divine giving (ʿaṭāʾ ilāhī)] - and this was specified as "divine" even though all of it is from Him, because of the unsuitability in it which corresponds to existential mercy, so it must be attributed to what corresponds to al-Raḥmān, from what falls within the specific domain of the Name Allāh, such as al-Qahhār, al-Ḥakīm, and al-Ḍārr, since what results from all of it is divine. [Section: The Kinds of Giving]

Words 38–39 · 1 of 5

يومَ القِيامَةِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿يوم القيامة﴾

بأن يكون حلالا بحسب الشرع فهذان وصفان كاشفان عن معنى الطيب

in that it is lawful according to the Sacred Law. These are two descriptions disclosing the meaning of "the goodly."

Words 40–42 · 1 of 5

وَيُعْطِي ذلكَ الاسْمُ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿ويعطي ذلك﴾

النوع من الرحمة الخاصة

i.e., that kind of specific mercy

﴿ذلك الاسم﴾

بها)، أي بتلك الحقيقة

by it, i.e., by that reality.

Jāmī

﴿الاسم الرحمن فهو عطاء رحماني﴾

خالص غير ممتزج بما يقتضيه اسم آخر 2 -

pure, unmixed with what another Name would entail. 2 —

Words 47–49 · 1 of 5

وإِمَّا رَحْمَةٌ مُمتَزِجَةٌ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿وأما رحمة ممتزجة﴾

مع نقمة ما وهي إما في الظاهر رحمة وفي الباطن نقمة كالأشياء الملائمة للطبع الموافقة للنفس المبعدة للقلب عن الله سبحانه. 3 - وإما بالعكس (كشرب الدواء الكريه) الذي لا يلائم الطبع في الحال لكنه

with some affliction — it is either, in its outward aspect, mercy, and in its inward aspect, affliction, like things agreeable to nature and congenial to the soul, which [yet] distance the heart from God, glory be to Him. 3 — Or the reverse — like the drinking of bitter medicine, which does not agree with nature at the moment, but

Words 54–56 · 1 of 5

يَعْقُبُ شُرْبَهُ الرَّاحَةَ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿يعقب شربه الراحة﴾

و زوال ما يلائم بحسب المآل

and the removal of what is agreeable, in respect of the final outcome.

Jāmī

﴿وهو عطاء إلهي﴾

فإنه ممتزج من مقتضيات أسماء عدة لا خصوصية له بأسم واحد ينسب إليه

for it is mixed from the requirements of several Names, having no specificity to a single Name to which it may be ascribed

Bālī Zāde

﴿وهو عطاء إلهي﴾

وإنما كانت منح الله تعالی كلها من الأسماء. (فإن العطايا الإلهية) أي العطايا الحاصلة من حضرة الاسم الجامع

It is precisely because all of God's gifts pertain to the Names (that this is so). (For the divine gifts) i.e., the gifts occurring from the presence of the All-Comprehensive Name

Ibn Turka

﴿فإنّ العطاء الإلهي لا يتمكَّن إطلاق عطائه منه من غير أن يكون على يدي سادن من سدنة الأسماء﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لامتناع انتساب شيء من الأحكام والأفعال إليه من حيث إطلاقه ، بدون أن يضاف إليه من خصوصيّات الأسماء ومقتضيات القوابل شيء ، فإنّه غير متمكَّن عن ذلك

due to the impossibility of any judgment or act being attributed to it in its absoluteness without something from the specificities of the Names and the requirements of the receptacles being joined to it, for it is incapable of that

Jāmī

﴿فإن العطاء الإلهي﴾

هذا تعليل لقوله : هي كلها من الأسماء، أي العطاء الإلهي (لا يمكن %~% متن نص فصوص الحكم : إطلاق عطائه منه من غير أن يكون على يدي سادن من سدنة الأسماء. فتارة يعطي الله العبد على يدي الرحمن فيخلص العطاء من الشوب الذي لا يلائم الطبع في الوقت أو لا ينيل الغرض و ما أشبه ذلك. و تارة يعطي الله على يدي الواسع فيعم، أو على يدي الحكيم فينظر في الأصلح في الوقت، أو على يدي الوهاب ، فيعطي لينعم لا يكون مع الواهب تكليف المعطى له بعوض على ذلك من شكر أو عمل، أو على يدي الجبار فينظر في الموطن و ما يستحقه، أو على يدي الغفار فينظر المحل و ما هو عليه. فإن كان على حال يستحق العقوبة فيستره عنها، أو على حال لا يستحق العقوبة فيستره عن حال يستحق شرح الجامي : إطلاق عطائه)، أي إطلاقه (فیكون) من وضع المظهر موضع المضمر أو إطلاقي تناوله وأخذه (منه) سبحانه من قولهم عطوت الشيء تناولته باليد. والمراد بإطلاق تناوله أن يؤخذ من الذات البحث

— this is a justification for his statement "they all belong to the Names," i.e., the divine gift — "it is not possible" %~% Text of Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam: "for His gift to be given absolutely (iṭlāq ʿaṭāʾihi) from Him, without its being at the hands of a custodian (sādin) among the custodians of the [divine] Names. So sometimes God gives to the servant at the hands of the All-Merciful (al-Raḥmān), whereby the gift is purified of the admixture that does not agree with nature at the time, or does not attain the [intended] purpose, and the like of that. And sometimes God gives at the hands of the All-Encompassing (al-Wāsiʿ), whereby it becomes comprehensive; or at the hands of the All-Wise (al-Ḥakīm), whereby He considers what is most fitting at the time; or at the hands of the All-Giving (al-Wahhāb), whereby He gives in order to bestow favor, there being, on the part of the Giver, no obligation upon the recipient of a return for that — whether gratitude or works; or at the hands of the Overwhelming (al-Jabbār), whereby He considers the situation and what it deserves; or at the hands of the All-Forgiving (al-Ghaffār), whereby He considers the locus and its state. If it is in a state deserving punishment, He shields it therefrom; or if it is in a state not deserving punishment, He shields it from a state that would deserve..." Commentary of al-Jāmī: "His gift to be given absolutely" — i.e., its absoluteness — "it is (fa-yakūnu)" being an instance of putting the manifest [noun] in place of the pronoun; or [it means] the absoluteness of His taking (tanāwuluhu) and receiving (akhdhuhu) — "from Him," glory be to Him — from their saying "ʿaṭawtu al-shayʾ," meaning "I took the thing with the hand." What is meant by the absoluteness of His taking it is that it be taken from the Essence [in the course of] the inquiry

Words 63–67 · 1 of 5

لا يتمكن إِطْلاقُ عَطائِهِ منهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿لا يمكن إطلاق عطائه منه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي لا يمكن حصول العطاء من هذا الاسم الأعظم

i.e., it is not possible for the gift to occur from this Greatest Name

Words 68–70 · 2 of 5

مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ

Jāmī

﴿من غير أن يكون على يدي سادن … من سدنة الأسماء﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي الأسماء التي هي سدنة لاسم الله الجامع. فتارة يعطي الله سبحانه

i.e., the Names that are custodians of the comprehensive Name Allāh. So sometimes God, glory be to Him, gives

Bālī Zāde

﴿من غير أن يكون على يد سادن … من سدنة الأسماء﴾

فإذا لم يكن عطاء اسم الله للعبد إلا على يد اسم من أسماء الله تعالى

so if the gift of the name Allāh does not reach the servant except by the hand of one of the Names of God Most High

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.