Mashrabaمشربة

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One passage at a time. Each column is a commentator; each row gathers the comments on the same words, so readings and emphases can be compared.

فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ نَفْثِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ شِيثِيَّةٍ

←→Read ¶4 in the text

4 · 67 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَهوَ العَبْدُ المَحْضُ وليسَ لِهذا الدّاعِي هِمَّةٌ مَتَعَلِّقَةٌ فيما سَأَلَ فيهِ مِنْ مُعَيَّنٍ أوْ غَيْرِ مُعَيَّنٍ وإنَّما هِمَّتُهُ في امْتِثالِ أَوامِرِ سَيِّدِهِ فإذا اقْتَضى الحالُ السُّؤالَ سَأَلَ عُبُودِيَّةً وإذا اقْتَضى التَّفْوِيضُ والسُّكوتُ سَكَتَ فَقَدِ ابْتُلِيَ أيُّوبُ وغيرُهُ وما سَأَلُوا رَفْعَ ما ابْتَلاهُمُ اللهُ بِهِ ثُمَّ اقْتَضى لَهُمُ الحالُ في زَمانٍ آخَرَ أنْ يَسْأَلُوا رَفْعَ ذلكَ فَرَفَعَهُ اللهُ عَنْهُم وَالتَّعَجُّلُ بِالمَسْئُولِ فيهِ والإِبْطاءُ لِلْقَدَرِ المُعَيَّنِ لهُ عندَ اللهِ

So he is the pure servant, and this supplicant has no aspiration attached to what he asked for, whether specified or unspecified; rather, his aspiration is only in complying with the commands of his Master. So when the state requires asking, he asks out of servanthood, and when entrusting [the affair to God] and silence are required, he keeps silent. For Job and others were tried, and they did not ask for the removal of that with which God had tried them; then, at another time, the state required of them that they ask for its removal, so God removed it from them. And the hastening of what is asked for, or [its] delay, is according to the measuring out (qadar) specified for it with God.

Jāmī

﴿فهو العبد المحض﴾

لله سبحانه ليس فيه شوب ربوبية ولا شائبة رقيه الأمر سواه

of God, Glory be to Him, in whom there is no admixture of lordship (rubūbiyya) nor any trace of the property of anything other than Him.

Bālī Zāde

﴿العبد المحض﴾

التام في العبودية

complete in servanthood ('ubūdiyya)

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وليس لهذا الداعي همة متعلقة فيما يسأل منه من معين أو غير معين، وإنما همته في امتثال أوامرسيده﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لأنه منزه عن طلب غير الحق من المطالب الدنياوية والأخراوية، بل نظره على الحق جمعا في مقام وحدته، وتفصيلا في مظاهره

because he is declared incomparable (munazzah) from seeking anything other than the Real among worldly or otherworldly objects of desire; rather his regard is fixed upon the Real, in a unified manner in the station of His oneness, and in a differentiated manner in His loci of manifestation (maẓāhir)

Ibn Turka

﴿وليس لهذا الداعي همة متعلقة فيما سأل فيه - من معين أو غير معين - وإنما همته في امتثال أوامر سیده ، فإذا اقتضى الحال السؤال ، سأل عبودية ، وإذا اقتضى التفويض والسكوت ، سكت﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

لأن أحوال هذا العبد إنما يجري على مقتضى إرادة مولاه ، فكل ما يقتضيه حاله فهو مراد مولاه و مأموره. ولذلك يستلذ به ، وإن كان مما ينافر طبعه ويؤلم نفسه كما قيل : حسب المحب تلذذا بغرامه .... من كل ما يهوى وما يتطلب خمر المحبة لا يشم نسيمه .... من كان في شيء سواها يرغب وهذه المرتبة الامتثالية للسائلين تناسب طور النبوة ، فإنها كمال مرتبة العبودية التي هي أصل تلك المرتبة - على ما سيجيء تحقيقه - كما أن المرتبة الإمكانية لهم تناسب طور الولاية ، لأن أصله وباعثه العلم . "" أصله الأعلي النور الأزلي الساري بالحب لله فى الله و الصدق و الإخلاص لوجه لله "" ولذلك قال

for the states of this servant proceed only according to what his Master's will requires; so whatever his state requires is precisely what his Master wills and commands of him. Therefore he finds delight in it, even if it be contrary to his nature and painful to his soul, as it was said: 'Sufficient for the lover, as delight in his passion... is everything he desires and everything he seeks.' 'The wine of love - none catches its fragrance... who inclines toward anything besides it.' This station of compliance among requesters corresponds to the degree of prophethood, for it is the perfection of the station of servanthood which is the root of that degree - as will be verified later - just as the station of possibility corresponds, for them, to the degree of sainthood (walāya), since its root and impeller is knowledge. "Its highest root is the eternal light, flowing with love for God, in God, and with truthfulness and sincerity for the sake of God." Therefore he said:

Jāmī

﴿وليس لهذا الداعي همة متعلقة فيما يسأل فيه من … معين أو غير معين وإنما همته مصروفة في امتثال أوامر سيده﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

غير متجاوزة إلى مطلوب غيره. فإنه لا مطلوب له سواه، ولا يطلب في الدارين إلا إياه

toward compliance with the commands of his Master, not going beyond to any object sought other than Him. For he has no object sought save Him, and he seeks nothing in the two abodes except Him.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وليس لهذا الداعي همة متعلقة فيما بسأل فيه من معين أو غير معين﴾

حتى يسأل للاستعجال وللإمكان

such that he would ask out of impetuosity or out of consideration of possibility

Words 17–21 · 1 of 5

وإنَّما هِمَّتُهُ في امْتِثالِ أَوامِرِ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وإنما همته … في امتثال أوامر سیده﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

و هيهات بين السائل للإمكان وبينه في رتبة العلم

and how far apart is the one who asks out of consideration of possibility from him, in the rank of knowledge

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فإذا اقتضى الحال السؤال … يسأل عبودية، وإذا اقتضى … التفويض والسكوت، سكت. فقد ابتلى أيوب وغيره وما سألوا رفعما ابتلاهم الله به. ثم اقتضى لهم الحال﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي اقتضى حالهم

that is, their state called for them

Jāmī

﴿فإذا اقتضى الحال السؤال﴾

اللفظي (سال عبودية وإذ اقتضى التفويض)، أوكله الأمر إليه سبحانه. (والسكوت

— verbal [request] — (he asked out of servanthood; and when [the state] requires delegation), he entrusts the matter to Him, glory be to Him. (And the silence

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإذا اقتضى الحال﴾

أي التجلي الإلهي الحاكم عليه في ذلك وقت (السؤال) اللفظي (سأل) أي طلب المأمور به (عبودية) لا لغرض من أغراضه النفسية . وإذا اقتضى الحال (التفويض) أمره إلى الله فوض (و) إن اقتضى الحال (السكوت) عن طلب ما يحتاج إليه

i.e., the divine self-disclosure governing him at that moment (for asking) verbally (he asks), i.e., seeks that which is commanded, out of servanthood (ʿubūdiyya), not for any purpose of his own soul's; and if the situation calls for (delegation/entrustment) he entrusts his affair to God; (and) if the situation calls for (silence) regarding the request for what he needs

Ibn Turka

﴿فقد ابتلي أيوب وغيره ، وما سألوا رفع ما ابتلاهم الله به ، ثم اقتضى لهم الحال في زمان آخر أن يسألوا رفع ذلك ، فرفعه الله عنهم﴾

( والتعجيل بالمسؤول فيه و الإبطاء) ليس إل

(and the hastening of the object of request, and the delay,) are due only

Jāmī

﴿فقد ابتلي أيوب عليه السلام وغيره﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

من الأنبياء والأولياء

among the prophets and saints

Bālī Zāde

﴿سكت فقد ابتلى أيوب وغيره وما سئلوا رفع ما ابتلاهم الله به﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

مع شدة احتياجهم في ذلك الزمان رفع ما ابتلاهم الله تعالی به لاقتضاء حالهم السكون في ذلك الزمان

despite their intense need in that time — the removal of that with which God Most High had tried them, because their state required stillness (sukūn) at that time.

Jāmī

﴿وما سألوا رفع ما ابتلاهم الله به … ثم اقتضى لهم الحال … في زمان آخر أن يسألوا رفع ذلك﴾

أي رفع ما ابتلاهم به (فسألوا رفعه فرفعه الله عنهم والتعجيل بالمسؤول فيه)، أي الشيء الذي وقع السؤال في شأنه %~% متن نص فصوص الحكم : و الإبطاء للقَدَرِ المعين له عند اللَّه. فإِذا وافق السؤالُ الوقتَ أسرع بالإجابة، و إِذا تأخر الوقت إِما في الدنيا و إِما إِلى الآخرة تأخرت الإجابة: أي المسئول فيه لا الإجابة التي هي لبَّيك من اللَّه فافهم هذا. و أما القسم الثاني و هو قولنا: «و منها ما لا يكون عن سؤال» فالذي لا يكون عن سؤال فإِنما أُريد بالسؤال التلفظ به، فإِنه في نفس الأمر لا بد من سؤال إِما باللفظ أو بالحال أو بالاستعداد. كما أنه لا يصح حمد مطلق قط إِلا في اللفظ، و أما في المعنى فلا بد أن يقيده الحال. فالذي يبعثك على حمد اللَّه هو المقيِّد لك باسمِ فِعْلٍ أو باسم تنزيه. شرح الجامي : (والابطاء) إنما هو

That is, the removal of that with which He had tried them (so they asked for its removal, and God removed it from them) and the hastening of the thing requested, that is, the matter concerning which the request was made. [Text of the Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam:] and the delay is due to the specific decree (qadar) appointed for it with God. So when the request coincides with the [appointed] time, He hastens the response; and when the time is deferred — whether in this world or to the hereafter — the response is deferred: that is, the thing requested, not the response which is God's 'labbayka' [Here I am]. So understand this. As for the second division, namely our statement 'and some of them are not in response to a request' — what is not in response to a request: by 'request' is meant only its being verbally uttered, for in reality there must be a request, whether by word, by state, or by preparedness (istiʿdād). Just as an absolute praise is never valid except verbally, whereas in meaning it must be qualified by the state; so what prompts you to praise God is that which qualifies you with a name of act or a name of incomparability (tanzīh). [Jāmī's Commentary:] (And the delay) is only

Words 45–46 · 1 of 5

ثُمَّ اقْتَضى

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿ثم اقتضى لهم الحال في زمان آخر أن يسألوا … رفع ذلك﴾

فيما ابتلي نسألوا امتثالا لأمر الله (فرفعه الله تعالى عنهم) أي أجاب الله عنهم سؤالهم . فكانوا داخلين تحت حكومة الحال في الوقت وتابعون إليه في السؤال وعدمه . فكان سكوتهم وسؤالهم لفظة امتثالا لأمر الله لعلمهم بالحال وبما يقتضيه من أمر الله منهم . فهم سائلون بالسؤال اللفظي وقتا وغير سائلين وقتا . فدل ذلك على أن أيوب ومن كان على حاله من هذا الصنف من أهل الحضور لا من الصنف الذي سيذكر . وأما دعاء نبينا محمد عليه الصلاة والسلام بقوله: "اللهم اجعل لي في قلبي نورا" الحديث وهو من دخول جميع العوالم فلا اختصاص له بصنف دون صنف. كما قال : "أفلا أكون عبدا شكورا" (والتعجيل بالمسؤول فيه والابطاء) سواء سال استعجالا أو احتياطا أو امتثال وسواء كان سؤالا معينا أو غير معين للقدر

concerning what they had been tried with, they asked, in compliance with God's command, (so God Most High removed it from them), i.e., God answered their petition for them. Thus they were subject to the governance of the state (ḥāl) at the time and followed it in asking or not asking. So their silence and their asking were both in verbal compliance with God's command, because of their knowledge of the state and of what it required of them from God's command. Thus they are askers through verbal petition at one time and non-askers at another. This indicates that Job and those in his condition belong to this class among the people of presence (ḥuḍūr), not to the class that will be mentioned [next]. As for the supplication of our Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, in his words, "O God, place for me in my heart a light," and the rest of the hadith — this belongs to the entering into all the [cosmic] worlds and is not specific to one class rather than another, as he said, "Should I not be a thankful servant?" (and the hastening of the response and its delay) whether he asked out of urgency, or precaution, or compliance, and whether the petition was for something specified or unspecified as to its decreed measure.

Words 49–55 · 1 of 5

في زَمانٍ آخَرَ أنْ يَسْأَلُوا رَفْعَ ذلكَ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿في زمان آخر أن يسألوهرفع ذلك، فسألوا، فرفعه الله عنهم … والتعجيل بالمسؤول فيه والإبطاء للقدر المعين له﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، للمسؤول فيه

that is, for the thing asked for

al-Qāshānī

﴿والتعجيل بالمسئول فيه والإبطاء للقدر المعين له عند الله﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي التعجيل في الإجابة وإنجاح المطلوب والتأخير فيه إنما يكون للقدر المعين ، أي للأجل المسمى الذي عين وجود ذلك المطلوب عند الله فيه . فالتعجيل مبتدأ والإبطاء عطف عليه وخبره للقدر ، أي التعجيل والإبطاء ثابت للقدر المعين والوقت المسمى عند الله . فإن لكل حادث وقتا معينا عند الله يقارنه في اللوح القدري ، لا يتأخر عنه ولا يتقدم عليه

that is, the hastening of the response and the achievement of what is sought, and the delay therein, occur only according to the appointed measure—that is, the named term (al-ajal al-musammā) in which the existence of that sought thing has been appointed with God. "Hastening" (al-taʿjīl) is the subject, "delaying" (al-ibṭāʾ) is conjoined to it, and its predicate is "for the measure"—that is, hastening and delaying are fixed by the appointed measure and the named time with God. For every occurrence has an appointed time with God that coincides with it in the Tablet of Decree, neither delayed from it nor advanced before it

Ibn Turka

﴿للقدر المعين له عند الله﴾

لادخل لدعاء العبد فيه أصل

the servant's supplication has no role in it whatsoever

Jāmī

﴿للقدر المعين له﴾

أي تئوقت المقدر المعين المسؤول فيه

i.e., the appointed time of the determined [thing that is] the object of the asking

Bālī Zāde

﴿المعين له عند الله﴾

أي لأجل تقدير الله بالمسؤول فيه بوقت معين من الأوقات. الأمور مرهونة بأوقاتها

that is, because of God's determination of the thing petitioned for at a specific time among times. Matters are bound to their appointed times.

Words 66–67 · 2 of 5

عندَ اللهِ

al-Qayṣarī

﴿عند الله﴾

أي، التعجيل في الإجابة والإبطاء فيها إنما هو للقدر، أي، لأجل القدرالمعين وقته في علم الله وتقديره كذلك. فقوله: (للقدر) خبر المبتدأ وهو (التعجيل.)

that is, the hastening of the response and its delay are only for the sake of the decreed measure (qadar), that is, for the sake of the specific measure whose time is fixed in God's knowledge and His decree accordingly. So his statement (for the measure) is the predicate, whose subject is (the hastening)

Jāmī

﴿عند الله﴾

لا دخل لدعاء العبد ربه أصلا

the servant's supplication to his Lord has no bearing on it at all.

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.