Mashrabaمشربة

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فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ قُدُّوسِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِدْرِيسِيَّةٍ

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9 · 88 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

وَمَن عَرَفَ مَا قَرَّرْنَاهُ فِي الأَعْدَادِ وَأَنَّ نَفْيَهَا عَيْنُ ثَبْتِهَا عَلِمَ أَنَّ الحَقَّ المُنَزَّهَ هُوَ الخَلْقُ المُشَبَّهُ وَإِن كَانَ قَدْ تَمَيَّزَ الخَلْقُ مِنَ الخَالِقِ فَالأَمْرُ الخَالِقُ المَخْلُوقُ وَالأَمْرُ المَخْلُوقُ الخَالِقُ كُلُّ ذَلكَ مِنْ عَيْنٍ وَاحِدَةٍ لَا بَلْ هُوَ العَيْنُ الوَاحِدَةُ وَهُوَ العُيُونُ الكَثِيرَةُ فَانظُرْ مَا ذَا تَرَى قَالَ يَـٰٓأَبَتِ ٱفْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ وَالْوَلَدُ عَيْنُ أَبِيهِ فَمَا رَأَى يَذْبَحُ سِوَى نَفْسِهِ وَفَدَاهُ بِذَبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ فَظَهَرَ بِصُورَةِ كَبْشٍ مِنْ ظَهَرَ بِصُورَةِ إِنسَانٍ وَظَهَرَ بِصُورَةِ وَلَدٍ لَا بَلْ بِحُكْمِ وَلَدٍ مَنْ هُوَ عَيْنُ الوَالِدِ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا فَمَا نَكَحَ سِوَى نَفْسِهِ

Whoever knows what we have established concerning numbers, and that their negation is the very same as their affirmation, knows that the Real declared incomparable is the creation declared similar, even though the creation has become distinguished from the Creator. So the affair is the Creator [and] the created, and the affair is the created [and] the Creator. All of that is from a single entity. No, rather He is the single entity and He is the many entities. "So look, what do you see?" [Q 37:102]. "He said: O my father, do what you are commanded" [Q 37:102], and the son is the very self of his father. So he did not see himself slaughtering anything other than himself. "And He ransomed him with a tremendous sacrifice" [Q 37:107]: so He who had become manifest in the form of a human became manifest in the form of a ram. And He who is the very self of the father became manifest in the form of a son. No, rather [He became manifest] under the ruling property of a son. "And He created from it its mate" [Q 4:1]: so he married none other than himself.

On the whole passage · 3 of 7

al-Qāshānī

﴿" فَانْظُرْ ما ذا ترى ؟ قالَ يا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ ما تُؤْمَرُ " والولد عين أبيه ، فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه وفداه بذبح عظيم فظهر بصورة كبش من ظهر بصورة إنسان ، وظهر بصورة ولد لا بل بحكم ولد من هو عين الوالد " وخَلَقَ مِنْه زَوْجَها " فما نكح سوى نفسه ، فمنه الصاحبة والولد والأمر واحد في العدد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي العين الواحدة بالحقيقة تعدد بكثرة التعينات عيونا كثيرة ، وتلك التعينات قد تكون كلية كالتعين الذي صارت الحقيقة الأحدية به إنسانا ، وقد تكون جزئية كالذي صار به إبراهيم ، فإن المتعين بالإنسانية المطلقة هو الذي صار بعد التعين النوعي بالتعين الشخصي إبراهيم وبتعين آخر إسماعيل ، فالمتعين بالإنسانية المطلقة لم يذبح سوى نفسه

i.e., the one entity in reality becomes multiplied through the multiplicity of entifications (taʿayyunāt) into many entities, and those entifications may be universal, like the entification by which the Absolute Reality became a human, or they may be particular, like that by which Abraham came to be. For the one entified by absolute humanity is the one who, after the specific (noetic) entification, became through individual entification Abraham, and through another entification Ishmael. So the one entified by absolute humanity sacrificed none but himself

al-Jandī

﴿كلّ ذلك من عين واحدة ، لا ، بل هو العين الواحدة وهو العيون الكثيرة . " فَانْظُرْ ما ذا تَرى قالَ يا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ ما تُؤْمَرُ " والوالد عين ابنه ، فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه ، وفداه بذبح عظيم ، فظهر بصورة كبش من ظهر بصورة إنسان . وظهر بصورة ولد ، لا ، بل بحكم ولد من هو عين الوالد "وَخَلَقَ مِنْها زَوْجَها " ، فما نكح سوى نفسه ، فمنه الصاحبة والولد ، والأمر واحد في العدد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

يعني رضي الله عنه : أنّ الوجود الواحد الحقّ الواحد المتعيّن في الإنسانية المطلقة ، المسمّى إبراهيم في إبراهيم ، والوالد هو المسمّى من حيث تعيّنه في إسحاق أو إسماعيل بإسحاق أو إسماعيل كذلك ، وكذلك المتعيّن في صورة آدم المسمّى بآدم هو المتعيّن في صاحبته المسمّاة بحوّاء ظهر ذلك الوجود الحق الواحد في مراتب عدّة بصور مختلفة ، وصيغ مفترقة ومؤتلفة ، فسمّى في كل مرتبة مرتبة وتعيّن تعيّن باسم غير الآخر ، فمنه الصاحبة ، والوالد ، والولد ، والزوج ، والفرد ، والواحد والعين واحدة ، وهو الوجود الحق الذي لا تحقّق إلَّا له في كل متحقّق معيّن ، مع أنّه من كونه متعيّنا بكذا ، مسمّى بكذا غير المتعيّن بتعيّن غيره وغير مسمّى باسم غيره ، فالمسمّى بعلا من حيث تعيّنه ينكح نفسه من كونها متعيّنة في صورة صاحبته ، وكذلك المتعيّن في صورة إبراهيم متعيّن بصورة ولده الذي أراد ذبحه ، وهو الظاهر بصورة الذبح العظيم . قال رضي الله عنه

He - may God be pleased with him - means: that the one Real Existence, entified in Universal Humanity (al-insāniyya al-muṭlaqa), named "Abraham" in Abraham - that same father is the one named, from the standpoint of his entification in Isaac or Ishmael, by "Isaac" or "Ishmael" likewise. Similarly, the one entified in the form of Adam, named "Adam," is the very one entified in his mate named "Eve." That one Real Existence manifested in several levels through different forms, in divergent and conjoined configurations, so that in each level and each entification it was named by a name other than the other - hence from it came the wife, the father, the son, the spouse, the individual, the One - while the entity (ʿayn) is one. And it is the Real Existence which has no realization except for Itself in every determinate realized thing - even though, insofar as It is entified as such, it is named as such, distinct from what is entified by another's entification and not named by another's name. So the one named "husband," from the standpoint of his entification, marries himself, insofar as it is entified in the form of his spouse; likewise, the one entified in the form of Abraham is entified in the form of his son whom he intended to sacrifice - and it is He who manifests in the form of the tremendous sacrifice. He - may God be pleased with him - said:

Jāmī

﴿والولد عين أبيه. فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه. «و فداه بذبح عظيم»، فظهر بصورة كبش من ظهر بصورة إنسان. وظهر بصورة ولد: لا، بل بحكم ولد من هو عين الوالد. «و خلق منها زوجها» [النساء: 1] : فما نكح سوى نفسه. فمنه الصاحبة والولد والأمر واحد في العدد. فمن الطبيعة ومن الظاهر منها ، وما رأيناها نقصت بما ظهر منها ولا زادت بعدم ما ظهر؟﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه : (قال) إسحاق عليه السلام بل الحق متلبسا بصورة إسحاق عليه السلام مخاطبا لنفسه في صورة إبراهيم عليه السلام ("يا أبت") يا من ظهر الحق بصورتي بواسطة ظهوره في صورتك وصورتي بك ( افعل ) [الصافات: 102]، أي هيىء لظهور فعل الحق فيك لتفعل ما تؤمر به في رؤياك من ذبحي إفناء نيابتي. (والولد) في الحقيقة المطلقة بل الحقيقة الإنسانية التي هي من التعينات الكلية له

: so he married none but himself. From him come the spouse and the child, while the matter is numerically one. So from nature (al-ṭabīʿa) and from what is manifest from it — and we have not seen it diminished by what became manifest from it, nor increased by the nonexistence of what became manifest from it?] The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: (He said) Isaac, peace be upon him — rather the Real clothed in the form of Isaac, peace be upon him, addressing Himself in the form of Abraham, peace be upon him — ("O my father") O you in whom the Real became manifest in my form by means of His manifestation in your form, my form being through you (do [it]) [The Ranged Ones: 102], that is, make ready for the manifestation of the Real's act within you, so that you do what you are commanded in your vision — namely my slaughter — as an annihilation of my deputyship (niyāba). (And the son), in the absolute reality — rather the human reality which is among the universal entifications (taʿayyunāt) for Him,

al-Qāshānī

﴿ومن عرف ما قررناه في الأعداد وأن نفيها عين ثبتها علم أن الحق المنزه هو الخلق المشبه وإن كان قد تميز الخلق من الخالق﴾

أي من عرف أن الواحد بذاته منشئ الأعداد بتجلياته وتعيناته ، فهو المسمى بالكثير باعتبار تعدد التجليات والتعينات في مراتب ظهوراته ، والتعدد نعت له بتلك الاعتبارات لا باعتبار الحقيقة الواحدية من حيث هو واحد . وكل واحد من حيث أنه حقيقة معينة وحدانية ليس بواحد من حيث التركيب ولا اشتمال على مراتب الوحد ، وإن نفى الواحدية عن كل عدد وإثباتها له فإنه حقيقة واحدة من الأعداد فالواحد محيط بأوله وآخره ونفى الجمعية التي هي التعدد عين إثباتها له. وإن كل عدد غير الآخر باعتبار وعينه باعتبار عرف أن الحق المنزه عن التشبيه باعتبار الحقيقة الأحدية ، هو الخلق المشبه باعتبار تجليه في الصورة المتعينة . فمن نظر إلى الأحدية الحقيقية المتجلية في صور التجليات والتعينات قال حق . ومن نظر التعدد والتكثر قال خلق . ومن تحقق ما ذكرناه قال حق من حيث الحقيقة ، خلق من حيث الخصوصية الموجبة للتعدد ، كما أشار إليه الشيخ العارف أبو الحسين النوري قدس سره لطف نفسه فسماه حقا وكثف نفسه فسماه خلق . فإن الحقيقة الأحدية في الكل تلطف عن الإبصار بل البصائر ، أي عن الحس والعقل والصور المتعينة بالخصوصيات المتمايزة من الهيئات والأشكال والألوان ، تكثف فتدرك به

— that is, whoever knows that the One, by its essence, is the originator of numbers through its self-disclosures and entifications, is named "the Many" by virtue of the multiplicity of self-disclosures and entifications in the ranks of its manifestations; and multiplicity is a description of it under these aspects, not under the aspect of the single unitary reality (al-ḥaqīqa al-wāḥidiyya) insofar as it is one. And each one, insofar as it is a determinate unitary reality, is not "one" in respect of composition, nor in respect of containing the ranks of units; and though oneness is negated of every number and also affirmed of it — for it is a single reality among the numbers — the One encompasses its beginning and its end, and the negation of the collectivity that is multiplicity is identical with its affirmation for it. And every number is other than another in one respect, and identical with it in another respect. Thus one knows that the Real, declared incomparable in respect of similarity by virtue of the unitary reality (al-ḥaqīqa al-aḥadiyya), is the creation declared similar by virtue of His self-disclosure in the determinate form. So whoever looks to the true oneness (al-aḥadiyya al-ḥaqīqiyya) disclosed in the forms of self-disclosures and entifications says "Real"; and whoever looks to multiplicity and plurality says "creation"; and whoever realizes what we have mentioned says "Real in respect of reality, creation in respect of the specificity that necessitates multiplicity" — as the gnostic master Abū al-Ḥusayn al-Nūrī, may his secret be sanctified, indicated when he said: "He subtilized Himself and named it 'Real,' and He densified Himself and named it 'creation.'" For the unitary reality in the whole is too subtle for sight — indeed, for insights themselves — that is, too subtle for sense-perception and intellect and the determinate forms distinguished by their specificities of configurations, shapes, and colors; it becomes dense, and thereby is perceived.

al-Jandī

﴿ومن عرف ما قرّرناه في الأعداد وأنّ نفيها عين إثباتها ، عرف أنّ الحقّ المنزّه هو الخلق المشبّه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

يعني رضي الله عنه : أنّ الواحد من كونه منشأ للأعداد بذاته المتعيّنة في مراتب عدّة سمّي كثيرا ملاحظة للتعدّد ، فالتعدّد نعت لتعين الواحد في مراتب متكثّرة ، لا نعت للواحد من حيث هو واحد . فانقسم نظر الناظرين في العالم على قسمين : منهم : من اقتصر على ملاحظة الكثرة والتعدّد والتعيّنات ، فسمّى كلّ هيئة اجتماعية من ظهور الواحد وتعيّنه في مراتب عدّة باسم ، فقال : اثنان ، وثلاثة ، وأربعة ، وخمسة ، وستّة وغير ذلك ، كما نقول : عقل ، ونفس ، وطبيعة ، وهيولى ، وصورة ، وجسم ، وفلك ، وكوكب ، وسماء ، وأرض ، مع أنّ الاثنين واحد وواحد ، والثلاثة واحد وواحد وواحد ، وكذلك الأربعة والخمسة والستّة والسبعة وغير ذلك إلى ما لا يتناهى ، فما ثمّ إلَّا واحد غير متناهي التعيّن والظهور ، وتنوّعهما في مراتب معقولة لا تحقّق لها من حيث هي هي مع قطع النظر عن الواحد المتعيّن فيها وبها . والقسم الآخر كشفوا الأمر على ما هو عليه في نفسه عند الحق وفي علمه ، فقالوا : ليس إلَّا واحد تنوّع ظهوره وتعيّنه في مراتبهما المعقولة ، والمراتب والظهور والتعيّن كلَّها نسب للواحد ولا تحقّق لها إلَّا بالواحد وفيه ، فافهم ، فما ثمّ إلَّا حقيقة واحدة محقّقة في ذاتها وحقيقتها ، وتحقّقت وتعيّنت في العقل متكثّرة متعدّدة ، ليس شيء منها في الحقيقة محقّقا ، والمحقّق هو الحق الواحد تحقّق لك بوجوده متعيّنا في العدد والكثرة ، فأظهر تعيّنات وتجلَّيات وتنوّعات وجمعيّات وأحديات بالعرض ، فهي لا تقدح في أحدية الواحد إن أمعنت النظر وأنعمت ، فافهم ، فإنّه عال غال ، والمتحقّق به أعلى وأغلى ، والله الملهم والمفهم . قال رضي الله عنه

He - may God be pleased with him - means: that the One (al-wāḥid), by virtue of being the source of numbers through its Essence (dhāt) as entified (mutaʿayyin) in several levels, is called "many" with respect to multiplicity. So multiplicity is an attribute of the One's entification (taʿayyun) in multiple levels, not an attribute of the One as such. Thus the vision of observers of the world divided into two kinds: Some confined themselves to observing multiplicity, numerousness, and entifications (taʿayyunāt), naming every collective configuration of the One's manifestation (ẓuhūr) and entification in several levels with a name - saying: two, three, four, five, six, and so forth - just as we say: intellect, soul, nature, prime matter (hayūlā), form, body, celestial sphere, star, heaven, earth - even though two is one and one, three is one and one and one, and likewise four, five, six, seven, and so on without end. For there is nothing but the One, unlimited in entification and manifestation, and their diversification occurs in intelligible levels that have no reality in themselves apart from considering the One entified in them and through them. The other group unveiled the matter as it is in itself with the Real and in His knowledge, and said: there is nothing but the One, whose manifestation and entification diversify in their intelligible levels; and the levels, the manifestation, and the entification are all relations (nisab) of the One, having no reality except through the One and in It. So understand - there is nothing but a single reality (ḥaqīqa wāḥida), realized in its Essence and reality, which became realized and entified in the intellect as multiple and numerous, none of which is in reality truly realized; rather, what is realized is the Real, the One, realized for you through His existence as entified in number and multiplicity. So He manifested entifications, self-disclosures (tajalliyāt), diversifications, collectivities, and accidental unicities (aḥadiyyāt bi-l-ʿaraḍ) - these do not impugn the Oneness (aḥadiyya) of the One if you look deeply and attentively. So understand, for this is lofty and precious, and one who is realized through it is loftier and more precious still. God is the Inspirer and Granter of Understanding. He - may God be pleased with him - said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ومن عرف ما قررناه في الأعداد وأن نفيها عين ثبتها، علم أن الحق المنزه هو الخلق المشبه، وإن كان قد تميز الخلق من الخالق. فالأمر الخالق المخلوق، والأمر المخلوق الخالق﴾

أي، ومن عرف أن العدد هو عبارة عن ظهور الواحد في مراتب متعددة، وليس من العدد بل هو مقومه ومظهره، والعدد أيضا في الحقيقة ليس غيره، وأن نفى العددية من الواحد عين إثباتها له لأن الأعداد ليست إلامجموع الآحاد مادة وصورة، علم أن الحق المنزه عن نقائص الإمكان، بل عن كمالات الأكوان، هو بعينه الخلق المشبه وإن كان قد تميز الخلق بإمكانه عن الخالق

That is, whoever knows that number is but an expression for the appearance of the One in multiple levels, and that [the One] is not itself a number but rather its sustaining principle and its manifestation—while number, too, is in reality nothing other than it—and that the negation of numberhood from the One is identical with its affirmation for it, since numbers are nothing but an aggregate of units in both matter and form—such a one knows that the Real, who is declared incomparable (munazzah) with respect to the deficiencies of contingency, indeed even with respect to the perfections of created things, is Himself, in His very identity, the creation that is declared similar (al-khalq al-mushabbah), even though creation, through its contingency, has become distinguished from the Creator.

Ibn Turka

﴿ومن عرف ما قرّرناه في الأعداد﴾

- أنّها من حيث هي أعداد ومراتب أعدام لا تحقّق لها بنفسها أصلا ، مع ما لكلّ منها من الأسماء المستقلَّة والخصائص والآثار المحسوسة ، وأنّ وجودها إنّما هو بالوجود الواحد الساري

- that they, as numbers and degrees, are non-existences having no realization by themselves at all, despite each one having independent names, properties, and sensible effects, and that their existence is only through the one pervasive existence

Jāmī

﴿ومن عرف ما قررناه في الأعداد﴾

من أن منشأ الأعداد بتكراره هو الواحدة لواحد الظاهر في مراتبه والعدد (و) عرف أيض (أن نفيها) ، أي نفي كل مرتبة عن نفسها اسم جمع الآحاد باعتبار الوحدة

— namely, that the origin of numbers, through its repetition, is the One manifest within its levels and [within] number — (and) has also known (that the negation of it) — i.e., the negation of each level from itself the name "aggregate of units," by consideration of unity

Bālī Zāde

﴿ومن عرف ما قررناه في الأعداد وأن نفيها عین إثباتها علم أن الحق المنزه هو الخلق المشبه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

من وجه وكذا الخلق المشبه هو الحي المنزه من وجه

in one respect, and likewise the creation declared similar is the Living declared incomparable in one respect

Words 7–10 · 1 of 7

وَأَنَّ نَفْيَهَا عَيْنُ ثَبْتِهَا

Only Ibn Turka comments here.

Ibn Turka

﴿وأنّ نفيها عين ثبتها﴾

لأنّ نفيها من حيث أنفسها معناه هو أنّ تحقّقها عين تحقّق الواحد الذي ليس وراءه تحقّق . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

because their negation, considered in themselves, means that their realization is identical with the realization of the One beyond which there is no realization. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Words 9–10 · 1 of 7

عَيْنُ ثَبْتِهَا

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿عين ثبتها﴾

إياه باعتبار كونه عدد بمعنى أن هذا البيت لا ينفك عن ذلك النفي كما لا تنفك عين الشيء عنه. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

of it, by consideration of its being a number — meaning that this [negation] is never separate from that affirmation, just as the identity of a thing is never separate from it. The Shaykh — may God be pleased with him — said

Ibn Turka

﴿علم أنّ الحقّ المنزّه﴾

مطلقا عن سائر القيود

absolutely, from all restrictions

Jāmī

﴿علم أن الحق المنزه﴾

عن مشابهة الخلق باعتبار إطلاقه

with respect to resembling creation, considered in His absoluteness

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فالحق المنزه هو الخلق المشبه.﴾

فقوله

So his saying,

Ibn Turka

﴿هو الخلق المشبّه﴾

ضرورة أنّ الإطلاق الحقيقي هو الذي في عين التقييد

necessarily, since true absoluteness is that which is identical with restriction itself

Jāmī

﴿هو الخلق المشبه﴾

بعضه ببعض من حيث تجليه بالصور المتعينة المتشابهة كما أن الواحد المنزه في حق نفسه عن الكثرة العددية هو العدد المنصف بالكثرة بتكرار ظهوراته. قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه

, some of it to other parts, from the standpoint of His self-disclosure in determined, mutually resembling forms—just as the One, declared incomparable in respect of Himself with numerical multiplicity, is the number characterized by multiplicity through the repetition of its manifestations. The Greatest Shaykh said, may God be pleased with him

al-Jandī

﴿وإن كان قد تميّز الخلق من الخالق﴾

يعني : أنّ الحق من كونه خلقا ليس هو الخالق ، من كونه خالقا ، فإنّ تميّز الخالقية عن المخلوقية ظاهر كتميّز الكثرة عن الأحدية ، والزوجية عن الفردية ، ولكنّ العين في الزوج والفرد والواحد الأحد والكثير المتعدّد عين واحدة ، والعين في مرتبة الأحدية واحدة أحد ، وفي الظهور في مراتب تعيّنه متعدّدة عدد ، فالتعدّد والتعيّن في مراتب العدد ، للوجود الحق الواحد وخارج العدد والكثرة في الواحدية والأحدية

He means: that the Real, insofar as He is creation, is not the Creator insofar as He is Creator. For the distinction of creatorhood from createdness is manifest, like the distinction of multiplicity from oneness (aḥadiyya), and evenness from oddness. But the entity (ʿayn) in the even, the odd, the One (al-wāḥid) who is Unique (al-aḥad), and the many that are numerous, is a single entity. The entity in the level of oneness (aḥadiyya) is one, unique; and in manifestation, within the levels of its entification, it is multiple, numerous. So multiplicity and entification belong to the levels of number, pertaining to the one Real Existence, while being outside number and multiplicity in Oneness (wāḥidiyya) and Uniqueness (aḥadiyya).

Ibn Turka

﴿وإن كان قد تميّز الخلق من الخالق﴾

تميّز المطلق من المقيّد فيه

the distinction of the absolute from the restricted being within it

Jāmī

﴿و إن كان قد تميز الخلق من الخالق. فالأمر الخالق المخلوق، والأمر المخلوق الخالق. كل ذلك من عين واحدة، لا، بل هو العين الواحد و هو العيون الكثيرة. فانظر ما ذا ترى «قال يا أبت افعل ما تؤمر» [الصافات: 102] ، و الولد عين أبيه.﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

—and the son is the very identity of his father.] The Shaykh said, may God be pleased with him

﴿وإن كان قد تميز الخلق من الخالق﴾

بالتقييد والإطلاق و الإمكان والوجوب تمييز العدد بسبب الواحد فإذا لاحظنا تقيد الخلق وإمكانه وإطلاق الحق ووجوبه فلا الخلق حق ولا الحق خلق . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

by restriction and absoluteness, and by possibility and necessity—the distinction of number by means of the One. So if we observe the restrictedness of creation and its possibility, and the absoluteness of the Real and His necessity, then creation is not the Real, nor is the Real creation. The Shaykh said, may God be pleased with him

Bālī Zāde

﴿وإن كان تميز الخلق من الخالق﴾

من وجه وهو وجوب الخالق وإمكان المخلوق

in one respect, namely the necessity of the Creator and the possibility of the creature

al-Qāshānī

﴿فالأمر الخالق المخلوق ، والأمر المخلوق الخالق﴾

بالاعتبارين على ما مر من ظهور الهوية بصورة الهاذية تحقق، والهاذية بالهوية فهو هذا، وهذا هو طردا وعكسا. قال رضي الله عنه

by the two considerations according to what passed regarding the manifestation of the He-ness (huwiyya) in the form of thisness (hādhiyya) becoming realized, and the thisness through the He-ness — so it is 'this', and 'this' is 'He', both directly and conversely. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿فالأمر الخالق المخلوق﴾

سمّيته واحدا أحدا ، وحقّا خالقا في أوّل مراتب تعيّنه بالأحدية والواحدية ، وفي ثانيها اثنين ، وفي ثالثها ثلاثة ، وغيرها ، من شأن ذلك الواحد الحق المتعيّن الظهور أحديا حقّا وكثيرا خلقا ، وهو المسمّى بسائر الأسماء حقّا وخلقا . فافهم ما أشار إليه الشيخ العارف المحقّق ، أبو الحسين النوري رضي الله عنه لطَّف نفسه فسمّاه حقّا ، وكثّف نفسه فسمّاه خلقا ، فأثبت مع إثبات كونه حقّا في لطافته خلقا في كثافته معا ، إنّ الحقيقة الذاتية الإلهية ، لها أن تظهر حقّا خلقا ، إلها مألوها ، ربّا مربوبا ، فإنّ الحقيقة المطلقة في عينها تتساوى نسبة التعيّن إليها من حيث هي هي ، لتساوي اقتضائها الذاتي لهما معا . فالأمر الخالق هو المخلوق « والأمر المخلوق الخالق » طردا وعكسا . قال رضي الله عنه

I have named it the One, the Unique, and the Real who is Creator in the first of the levels of His entification through Uniqueness (aḥadiyya) and Oneness (wāḥidiyya); and in its second level, two; and in its third, three; and so on - all stemming from that one Real entified entity which manifests, as Real, in unicity (aḥadiyyan), and as creation, in multiplicity. And He is the one named by all the other names, both as Real and as creation. So understand what the Shaykh, the verifying gnostic (al-ʿārif al-muḥaqqiq) Abū l-Ḥusayn al-Nūrī - may God be pleased with him - pointed to: he subtilized himself and named it "the Real," and he condensed himself and named it "creation," thus affirming, along with affirming its being Real in its subtlety, its being creation in its density, simultaneously. Indeed, the divine essential reality (al-ḥaqīqa al-dhātiyya al-ilāhiyya) has the capacity to manifest as Real and as creation, as a deity and as one who is deified, as a Lord and as one who is lorded over. For the absolute reality (al-ḥaqīqa al-muṭlaqa), in its very entity, has the relation of entification applying to it equally, from the standpoint of what it is in itself, due to the equal essential requirement of both together. So the Creator-matter is the created, and the created-matter is the Creator, both ways. He - may God be pleased with him - said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فالأمر الخالق﴾

أي، الشئ الذي هو الخالق هو المخلوق بعينه، لكن في مرتبة أخرى غير المرتبة الخالقية. والأمر المخلوق وهو الخالق بعينه، لكن باعتبار ظهور الحق فيه. واعلم، أن الاثنين، مثلا، ليس عبارة إلا عن ظهور الواحد مرتين مع الجمع بينهما، والظاهر، فرادى ومجموعا فيه، ليس إلا الواحد، فما به الاثنان اثنان ويغاير الواحد بذلك ليس إلا أمر متوهم لا حقيقة له، كذلك شأن الحق مع الخلق، فإنه هو الذي يظهر بصور البسائط، ثم بصور المركبات، فيظن المحجوب أنها مغائرة لحقائقها، وما يعلم أنها أمور متوهمة، ولا موجودة إلا هو. قال رضي الله عنه

That is, the thing which is the Creator is the created itself, but at another level, other than the level of creator-hood. And the created thing, it is the Creator itself, but considered from the aspect of the Real's manifestation within it. Know that duality, for instance, is only an expression of the manifestation of the One twice, together with the combining of the two; and what is manifest, singly and collectively within it, is nothing but the One. So that by which the two become two and are distinguished from the One is nothing but an imagined matter having no reality. Thus is the case of the Real with creation, for it is He who manifests in the forms of the simples, then in the forms of the composites, so the veiled one supposes them to be distinct in their realities, not knowing that they are imagined matters, and that nothing exists save Him. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿فالأمر الخالق﴾

هو بعينه ( المخلوق ) في الخارج

is itself (the created) externally

Jāmī

﴿فالأمر الخالق المخلوق﴾

أي فالحال والشأن أن الخالق هو المخلوق كما أن الواحد هو العدد، وذلك إذا شاهدنا الخالق سبحانه في كمال إطلاقه وعلوه. ثم لاحظنا تجليه : أول بالفيض الأقدس بصور الأعيان الثابتة. وثانيا بالفيض المقدس بصور الأعيان الخارجية. فقلنا : الخالق المخلوق، أي الخالق باعتبار تجليه وتنزله هو المخلوق . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

, that is, the state and the fact is that the Creator is the created, just as the One is the number—and that is when we witness the Creator, glory be to Him, in the perfection of His absoluteness and His loftiness, then consider His self-disclosure: first, through the Holiest Effusion (al-fayḍ al-aqdas), in the forms of the fixed entities; and second, through the Sacred Effusion (al-fayḍ al-muqaddas), in the forms of the external entities. So we say: the Creator is the created, that is, the Creator, with respect to His self-disclosure and descent, is the created. The Shaykh said, may God be pleased with him

Bālī Zāde

﴿فالأمر الخالق المخلوق … والأمر المخلوق الخالق﴾

من وجه فمنهم من نظر إلى الخلق ولا بری الخالق ومنهم من يرى الخالق ولا يرى المخلوق و منهم من جمع بينهما في كل مقام و مرتبة. وهو أكمل الناس والمرشد الأكمل فقد فاز الحقيقة في رتبة العلم بالله التي ليس للمخلوق فوقها مرتبة . وعلم أيضا أن كون الحق عين المخلوق في أمور كلية كالوجود والعلم والحياة وغير ذلك. و غيريته امتيازه بأمر مختص كالوجوب والإمكان وهذا بعينه هو مذهب أهل السنة لأنهم ما قالوا: إن الحق مطلقا عين المخلوق حتى يخالف الشرع

in one respect. So some look to creation and do not see the Creator, some see the Creator and do not see the creature, and some combine the two in every station and rank — and this one is the most perfect of people and the most perfect guide, for he has attained the true reality in the rank of knowledge of God, above which there is no rank for a created being. He also knows that the Real's being identical with the created thing pertains to universal matters such as existence, knowledge, life, and the like; while its otherness is its distinction by something specific, such as necessity and possibility. This is precisely the doctrine of the people of the Sunna, for they did not say that the Real absolutely is identical with the created thing, so as to contradict the Law

Ibn Turka

﴿والأمر المخلوق﴾

في الخارج هو بعينه

externally is itself

Jāmī

﴿والأمر المخلوق الخالق﴾

أي الحال والشأن أن المخلوق هو الخالق كما أن العدد وهو الواحد. وذلك إذا لاحظنا أولا المخلوق و فتشنا عن حقيقته ووجوده ووجدنا هما عين الخالق بالتجليين المذكورين. فقلنا : المخلوق حقيقة ووجودا هو الخالق

, that is, the state and the fact is that the created is the Creator, just as number is the One. And that is when we first consider the created and investigate its reality and existence, and we find that both are identical with the Creator through the two aforementioned self-disclosures. So we say: the created, in reality and existence, is the Creator

al-Qāshānī

﴿كل ذلك من عين واحدة، لا بل هو العين الواحدة، وهو العيون الكثيرة﴾

على ما بين في الواحد الكثير. قال رضي الله عنه

according to what was explained concerning the One-the-Many. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qayṣarī

﴿كل ذلك من عين واحدة، لا بل هو العين الواحد، وهو العيون الكثيرة.﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، كل ذلك الوجود الخلقي صادر من الذات الواحدة الإلهية، ثم أضرب عنه، لأنه مشعر بالمغايرة. فقال: بل ذلك الموجود الخلقي هو عين تلك العين الواحدة الظاهرة في مراتب متعددة. وذلك العين الواحدة التي هي الوجود المطلق، وهو العيون الكثيرة باعتبار المظاهر المتكثرة، كما قال: سبحان من أظهر ناسوته %~% سر سنا لاهوته الثاقب ثم بدا في خلقه ظاهر %~% في صورة الآكل والشارب

That is, all of that created existence proceeds from the one divine Essence. Then he withdrew from this expression because it suggests otherness, and said: rather, that created existent is the very entity of that one entity manifest in multiple levels. And that one entity, which is Absolute Existence, is the many entities with respect to the multiple loci of manifestation, as he said: 'Glory be to Him who manifested His humanity (nāsūtihi), the piercing secret-light of His divinity (lāhūtihi), then appeared manifest in His creation, in the form of the eater and the drinker.'

Ibn Turka

﴿الخالق . كلّ ذلك﴾

- أي الخلقيّة والحقّية -

- i.e., createdness and Realness -

Jāmī

﴿كل ذلك﴾

المذكور من الخالق والمخلوق

mentioned, namely the Creator and the created

Bālī Zāde

﴿كل ذلك﴾

الأمر المخلوق يحصل

— the matter of the created thing comes about

Ibn Turka

﴿من عين واحدة﴾

مطلقة منهما . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

absolute of the two. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿من عين واحدة﴾

فإن الحقائق ثلاث: 1 - حقيقة فعالة مؤثرة واحدة عالية واجبة وهي حقيقة الله الخالق سبحانه . 2 - وحقيقة منفعلة متأثرة متكثرة سافلة ممكنة وهي حقيقة العالم المخلوق. 3 - وحقيقة ثالثة جامعة بينهما فعالة من وجه ، منفعلة من وجه واحدة من وجه كثيرة من وجه ، وكذا في سائر الصفات المتقابلة. وهذه الحقيقة أحدية جمع الحقيقتين ولها المرتبة الأولية الكبرى والآخرية العظمی وهي العين الواحدة التي انتسب منها نسبنا الخالقية والمخلوقية. (لا) ، أي ليس كل ذلك منتشأ من عين واحدة فإن الانتشاء منها يوم الإثنينية قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

, for realities are three: (1) a single, active, effective, elevated, necessary reality—this is the reality of God the Creator, glory be to Him; (2) a passive, affected, multiple, lowly, possible reality—this is the reality of the created world; and (3) a third reality joining the two, active from one aspect, passive from another, single from one aspect, multiple from another—and likewise with respect to the rest of the opposing attributes. This reality is the unity-of-gathering (aḥadiyyat al-jamʿ) of the two realities, and to it belong the greatest primordiality and the supreme finality; and it is the single identity from which our two relations—Creatorhood and createdness—derive. (No), that is, not all of that arises from a single identity, for arising from it is the day of duality. The Shaykh said, may God be pleased with him

Bālī Zāde

﴿من عين واحدة﴾

لا من عين واحدة (بل) في نفس الأمر (هو) أي كل ذلك من حيث هويته واحدية ذاته

not from a single identity merely, (rather) in actual fact (it is) that is, all of that, from the standpoint of its selfhood, the oneness of its Essence, is

Ibn Turka

﴿لا ، بل هو العين الواحدة ، وهو العيون الكثيرة﴾

فإنّ نسبة الوحدة والكثرة والإطلاق والتقييد ، والخلقيّة والحقّية ، وسائر المتقابلات إلى الواحد المطلق سواء . فلذلك لمّا قال ذلك العين الواحدة بلسان الوالد : " إِنِّي أَرى في الْمَنامِ أَنِّي أَذْبَحُكَ " و (

for the relation of unity and multiplicity, absoluteness and restriction, createdness and Realness, and the rest of the opposites to the Absolute One is equal. Hence when that single entity said, by the tongue of the father: 'Indeed I have seen in a dream that I am slaughtering you' and (

Jāmī

﴿بل هو … العين الواحدة﴾

باعتبار ارتفاع النسب الاعتبارية عن العين. (وهو) ، أي كل ذلك هو

— by consideration of the elimination of the relative relations (nisab iʿtibāriyya) from the entity. (And it) — i.e., all of that — is

Words 39–40 · 1 of 7

العَيْنُ الوَاحِدَةُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿العين الواحدة﴾

أي عين الحقيقة الواحدة (وهو) أي العين من حيث أسمائه وصفاته

that is, the identity of the one reality (and it is), that is, the identity, from the standpoint of its names and attributes, is

Jāmī

﴿العيون الكثيرة﴾

إذا اعتبرت تلك النسب ولوحظت أحكامها. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه : (فانظر) العيون الكثيرة في المراد الفضيلية وأمعن النظر فيها لتعلم (ماذا ترى) ، أي ما الذي تراه أو أي شيء تراه، أترى وحدة العين الواحدة فقط ؟ فتكون رؤية الحق تعالی مانعة لك عن رؤية الخلق أو كثرة العيون الكثيرة فقط. فتكون رؤية الخلق مانعة لك عن الحق فتكون الوحدة في الكثرة والكثرة في الوحدة من غير أن يمنع إحداهما عن الأخرى، فمن تلك المواد التفصيلية حال إبراهيم مع إسحاق عليهما السلام وما فدی به من الذبح العظيم. قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه

When those relations are considered and their rulings observed. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: (So look) at the many eyes in the excellent meaning (al-murād al-faḍīliyya) and look closely into them so that you may know (what do you see) — that is, what is it that you see, or what thing do you see? Do you see only the unity of the single eye? Then the vision of the Real, exalted, would bar you from seeing creation. Or [do you see] only the multiplicity of the many eyes? Then the vision of creation would bar you from [seeing] the Real. [Rather,] unity is within multiplicity and multiplicity within unity, without either one barring [perception of] the other. Among those particular instances is the case of Abraham with Isaac, peace be upon them both, and that with which he was ransomed from the great slaughter. The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿العيون الكثيرة﴾

أي الحقائق المختلفة فما في الكون إلا الحق . ويجوز أن يكون معناه وهو أي الأمر المخلوق من حيث اختلاف الصورة عليه العيون الكثيرة لكن الأول أنسب إلى المقام . لأن المراد بقوله لا بل إضراب عن الكلام الذي يشعر المغايرة ولا يكون الإضراب إلا بإثبات أن ليس في الوجود إلا الحق وهذا المعنى ثابت في الأول دون الثاني. (فانظر ماذا تري) إشارة إلى اهتمامه في بيان الحق وحث لطالب الحق على طلبه (قال) ولد إبراهيم عليه السلام

that is, the differing realities. So there is nothing in existence but the Real. It is also permissible that its meaning be: and it, that is, the matter of the created thing, from the standpoint of the differing forms upon it, is the many identities — but the first is more fitting to the context, since what is meant by his saying 'rather' (lā bal) is a turning away from speech that suggests otherness, and such a turning away is only achieved by affirming that there is nothing in existence but the Real — and this meaning is established in the first [reading] but not the second. (So see what you think) — an allusion to his concern to clarify the Real, and an exhortation to the seeker of the Real to pursue it. (He said) — meaning the son of Abraham, peace be upon him

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فانظر ما ذا ترى﴾

أي، أنظر أيها السالك طريق الحق ما ذا ترى من الوحدة والكثرة جمعا وفرادى، فإن كنت ترى الوحدة فقط، فأنت مع الحق وحده لارتفاع الإثنينية، وإن كنت ترى الكثرة فقط، فأنت مع الخلق وحده، وإن كنت ترى الوحدة في الكثرة محتجبة والكثرة في الوحدة مستهلكة، فقد جمعت بين الكمالين وفزت بمقام الحسنيين

That is, look, O traveler on the path of the Real, at what you see of unity and multiplicity, collectively and singly. For if you see only unity, you are with the Real alone, duality having been removed; and if you see only multiplicity, you are with creation alone; and if you see unity concealed within multiplicity and multiplicity absorbed within unity, then you have combined the two perfections and attained the station of the two excellent things.

Ibn Turka

﴿فَانْظُرْ ما ذا تَرى قالَ … ي أَبَتِ افْعَلْ ما تُؤْمَرُ﴾

[ 37 / 102 ] . والمأمور ليس إلَّا الذبح

[37/102]. And what was commanded was nothing but the slaughter

al-Qayṣarī

﴿قال يا أبت افعل ما تؤمر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

ولما كانت نسبة السالك إلى الشيخ المكمل نسبة الولد إلى والده، نقل الكلام إلى حكاية إبراهيم، عليه السلام، مع ولده. وقول المريد للشيخ

Since the relation of the traveler to the perfecting Master is like the relation of the son to his father, the discourse shifted to the account of Abraham, peace be upon him, with his son. And the disciple's saying to the Master:

Bālī Zāde

﴿يا أبت افعل ما تؤمر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وفيه إشارة إلى أن الواجب على المرشد ما فعل بالمريد إلا بأمر الحق وإن الواجب على المريد ما فعل إلا بأمر المرشد

— and in this there is an indication that it is obligatory for the guide (murshid) to do nothing with the disciple except by the Real's command, and that it is obligatory for the disciple to do nothing except by the guide's command

Words 50–52 · 1 of 7

ٱفْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿إفعل ما تؤمر﴾

عبارة عن تسليمه بين يديه، وإشارة إلى أن فعله ليس من نفسه، بل من ربه، فإنه واسطة بين السالك وربه

is an expression of his submission before him (the Master), and an indication that his action is not from himself, but from his Lord, for he (the Master) is an intermediary between the traveler and his Lord.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿والولد عين أبيه﴾

بحكم اتحاد الحقيقة وفيضانه من جميع أجزاء وجوده وكونه بعضه، وإن كان غيره من حيث تعينه وتشخصه

by virtue of the oneness of reality and its effusion from all parts of his existence, and his being a part of him, even though he is other than him in respect of his entification and individuation.

al-Tilimsānī

﴿(الصافات: 102) . والولد عين أبيه، فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه،﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وَفَدَيْنَاهُ بِذِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ" (107) ] "وفداه بذبح عظيم

(al-Ṣāffāt: 102). And the son is identical with (ʿayn) his father, so he saw none being sacrificed but himself: "And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice" (107) - "and We ransomed him with a great sacrifice"

Ibn Turka

﴿والولد عين أبيه … فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه ، وفداه " بِذِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ " [ 37 / 107 ] فظهر … بصورة كبش من ظهر … بصورة إنسان وظهر … بصورة ولد - لا ، بل بحكم ولد﴾

فإنّ المغايرة بين الصورة الوالديّة والولديّة نسبة حكميّة لا حقيقيّة ، سيّما في عالم الخيال -

. Thus manifested ... in the form of a ram, from behind ... in the form of a human, and manifested ... in the form of a son - no, rather by the ruling of a son] for the difference between the paternal form and the filial form is a relation of ruling (nisba ḥukmiyya), not a real one, especially in the realm of imagination -

Bālī Zāde

﴿والولد عين أبيه﴾

كما سبق وجهه

as has been explained previously, its aspect

Words 54–57 · 1 of 7

عَيْنُ أَبِيهِ فَمَا رَأَى

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿عين أبيه فما رأى﴾

إبراهيم عليه السلام بل الحق في صورته في المنام أنه يذبح سوى نفسه، ولكن في صورة إسحاق عليه السلام . (وفداه) ، في الحق سبحانه إسحاق عليه السلام

Abraham, peace be upon him — rather the Real in his form, in the dream — slaughtering none but himself, though in the form of Isaac, peace be upon him. (And He ransomed him) — in the Real, glory be to Him — Isaac, peace be upon him,

﴿عين أبيه فما رأى﴾

إبراهيم عليه السلام بل الحق في صورته في المنام أنه يذبح سوى نفسه، ولكن في صورة إسماعيل عليه السلام . (وفداه) ، في الحق سبحانه إسماعيل عليه السلام

Abraham, peace be upon him — rather the Real in his form, in the dream — slaughtering none but himself, though in the form of Ishmael, peace be upon him. (And He ransomed him) — in the Real, glory be to Him — Ishmael, peace be upon him,

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه. فمنه الصاحبة والولد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

بظهور حقيقته في صورتهما، وليس الأمر إلا واحد، كظهور الواحد في العدد. قال رضي الله عنه

through the manifestation of his reality in the form of both of them, the matter being nothing but one, like the manifestation of the One within number. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

﴿فما رأى يذبح سوى نفسه﴾

وذبحه صورة إفنائه من إنانيته ( و (فداه بذبح عظيم)) (الذبح)، بكسر الذال، ما يذبح. وإنما وصفه ب (عظيم) لأن الظاهر بتلك الصورة هو الذي له العظمة التامة. ثم قال إظهارا لهذا السر

his slaughtering being a form of his annihilation of his I-ness—'and We ransomed him with a tremendous sacrifice' (al-dhibḥ, with kasra on the dhāl, meaning that which is slaughtered). He described it as 'tremendous' because the one manifest in that form is the one who possesses complete tremendousness. Then he said, manifesting this secret:

Bālī Zāde

﴿فما رأى﴾

الوالد (بذبح سوى نفسه ونداه بذبح عظيم فظهر بصورة كبش) في عالم الحس

the father (except the sacrifice of himself, so he was called to a mighty sacrifice, which appeared in the form of a ram) in the sensory world

al-Qāshānī

﴿بِذِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ﴾

هو نفسه بحسب الحقيقة ، قد تعينت بتعين نوعى آخر متشخصة بتعين شخصى ، فالحقيقة الواحدة التي ظهرت بصورة إنسان ، هي التي ظهرت بصورة كبش بحسب التعينين المختلفين نوعا وشخصا . ولما كانت الصورة الإنسانية في الوالد والولد محفوظة باقية على واحدية النوعية أضرب عنغيرية الصورة في الوالد والولد وأثبت غيرية الحكم . فقال : لا بل بحكم ولد ، فإن صورتهما واحدة وهي الصورة الإنسانية ولم يتغير إلا حكم الوالدية والولدية فحسب ، وكذا بين آدم وحواء فإنهما وأولادهما واحد في الإنسانية ، فالأمر واحد في الحقيقة متعدد بتعينات نوعية وشخصية لا ينافي الوحدة الحقيقية . فهو واحد في صورة العدد. قال رضي الله عنه

which is himself in reality, having become entified with another specific entification, individuated by an individual entification. So the one Reality which manifested in the form of a human is the very one that manifested in the form of a ram, according to the two entifications differing in species and in individual. And since the human form in the father and the son remains preserved upon the unity of species, he set aside otherness of form between father and son, and affirmed otherness of ruling (ḥukm). So he said: 'nay, rather by the ruling of a son,' for their form is one, namely the human form, and nothing changed except the ruling of fatherhood and sonship alone. Likewise between Adam and Eve, for they and their children are one in humanity. So the matter is one in reality, multiplied by specific and individual entifications, which does not negate the real unity. So it is one in the form of number. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Tilimsānī

﴿(الصافات: 107) فظهر بصورة كبش من ظهر بصورة إنسان، وظهر بصورة ولد لا، بل بحكم ولد من هو عين الوالد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وخلق منها زوجها" (النساء: 1). فما نكح سوى نفسه، فمنه الصاحبة والولد والأمر واحد في العدد. فمن الطبيعة ومن الظاهر منها، وما رأيناها نقصت بما ظهر منها ولا زادت بعدم ما ظهر؟ وما الذي ظهر غيرها. وما هي عين ما ظهر لاختلاف الصور بالحكم عليها، فهذا بارد یابس وهذا حار يابس، فجمع باليبس وأبان بغير ذلك، والجامع الطبيعة، لا بل العين الطبيعية. فعالم الطبيعة صور في مرآة واحدة، لا بل صورة واحدة في مرآيا مختلفة. فما ثم إلا حيرة لتفرق النظر. ومن عرف ما قلناه لم يحر، وإن كان في مزید علم، فليس إلا من حكم المحل والمحل عين العين الثابتة. فيها يتنوع الحق في المجلى، فتتنوع الأحكام عليه، فيقبل كل حكم، وما يحكم عليه إلا عين ما تجلى فيه. وما ثم إلا هذا : فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبرو ...... وليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذکرو من يدر ما قلت لم تخذل بصيرته ..... وليس يدريه إل من له بصر جمع وفرق فإن العين واحدة ...... وهي الكثيرة لا تبقي ولا تذر فالعلي لنفسه هو الذي يكون له الكمال الذي يستغرق به جميع الأمور الوجودية والنسب العدمية , بحيث لا يمكن أن يفوته نعت منها، وسواء كانت محمودة عرفا وعقلا و شرعا أو مذمومة عرفا وعقلا وشرعا. وليس ذلك إلا لمسمى الله تعالی خاصة. وأما غير مسمى الله خاصة مما هو مجلي له أو صورة فيه، فإن كان مجلى له فيقع التفاضل، لا بد من ذلك، بين مجلی ومجلى، وإن كان صورة فيه فتلك الصورة عين الكمال الذاتي، لأنها عين ما ظهرت فيه. فالذي لمسمى الله هو الذي لتلك الصورة. ولا يقال: هي هو ولا هي غيره. وقد أشار أبو القاسم بن قسي في خلعه إلى هذا بقوله: إن كل اسم إلهي يتسمى بجميع الأسماء الإلهية وينعت بها. وذلك أن كل اسم يدل على الذات وعلى المعنى الذي سبق له ويطلبه. فمن حيث دلالته على الذات له جميع الأسماء، ومن حيث دلالته على المعنى الذي ينفرد به، يتميز عن غيره كالرب والخالق والمصور إلى غير ذلك. فالاسم المسمى من حيث الذات، والاسم غير المسمى من حيث ما يختص به من المعنى الذي سيق له. فإذا فهمت أن العلى ما ذكرناه علمت أنه ليس على المكان ولا على المكانة ، فإن علو المكانة يختص بولاة الأمر كالسلطان والحكام والوزراء والقضاة و كل ذي منصب سواء كانت فيه أهلية ذلك المنصب أو لم تكن . والعلو بالصفات ليس كذلك، فإنه قد يكون أعلم الناس يتحكم فيه من له منصب التحكم وإن كان أجهل الناس، فهذا على بالمكانة بحكم التبع ما هو على في نفسه . فإذا عزل زالت رفعته والعالم ليس كذلك. سر شریف قلت : في ذلك سر شریف نبه عليه الشيخ ، رضي الله عنه، لمن طلبه منه فيقوله لنا مشافهة أو ينقله إلينا من سمعه منه مشافهة ونحن نذكره الآن وهو أن العلو هو الجهات والكامل فيه الجهات. وكذلك على المكانة هو لمن نسب إلى الكامل، فبقدر القرب من الكامل يكون على المكانة فذاته محيطة بالمكان والمكانة فلا ينسبان إليه بل العلو في المقامين هو بحسب القرب منه يكون. وأما قوله: فهو العلي بعلو المكان وبعلو المكانة فمعناه: أن من كان العلو بالقرب منه يكتسب، فكل علو حصل لعال فهو علوا وزيادة . أما العلو العرشي م ن قوله

So he appeared in the form of a ram from one who appeared in the form of a human, and he appeared in the form of a son—no, rather by the ruling of a son who is identical with the father. "And created from it its mate" (al-Nisāʾ: 1). So he married none but himself; from him came the spouse and the child, while the affair is numerically one. It is from Nature, and from what manifested from it—yet we do not see it diminished by what manifested from it, nor increased by the absence of what manifested. And nothing manifested but it; yet it is not identical with what manifested, owing to the difference of forms by the ruling imposed upon them. This one is cold and dry, that one is hot and dry; so they are joined by dryness and distinguished by other than that. The unifying factor is Nature—no, rather the entified Nature itself. The world of Nature consists of forms in a single mirror—no, rather a single form in differing mirrors. There is nothing here but bewilderment due to the dispersal of perspective. He who knows what we have said is not bewildered, even though he be in increase of knowledge, for it is nothing but the ruling of the locus, and the locus is identical with the fixed entity (al-ʿayn al-thābita) itself. In it the Real varies in the locus of manifestation (majlā), so the rulings upon Him vary, and He accepts every ruling, yet nothing is predicated of Him except what is identical with that in which He is disclosed. There is nothing but this: The Real created by this aspect—so take heed... and He is not a creator by that other aspect—so remember. Whoever understands what I have said, his insight will not be forsaken... and none understands it save one who has the vision of both joining and distinguishing. For the entity is one... yet it is the many that neither remains nor departs. So 'the Most High for Himself' (al-ʿAlī li-nafsihi) is He who possesses the perfection by which He encompasses all existential affairs and privative relations (al-nisab al-ʿadamiyya), such that no description of them can escape Him—whether praised by custom, reason, and the Law, or blamed by custom, reason, and the Law. And that belongs exclusively to the Name 'Allāh' Most High. As for what is other than the Name 'Allāh' specifically—whether it be a locus of His self-disclosure or a form within Him—if it is a locus of self-disclosure, then differentiation necessarily occurs between one locus of disclosure and another; but if it is a form within Him, then that form is identical with essential perfection (al-kamāl al-dhātī), because it is identical with that in which it manifested. So what belongs to the Name 'Allāh' belongs to that form, and one cannot say: it is He, nor can one say: it is other than He. Abū al-Qāsim ibn Qasī alluded to this in his Khalʿ when he said: every divine name is named by all the divine names and is described by them. This is because every name indicates the Essence and the particular meaning for which it was specifically coined and which it seeks. From the aspect of its indication of the Essence, it possesses all the names; from the aspect of its indication of the meaning peculiar to it, it is distinguished from others, as with 'the Lord,' 'the Creator,' 'the Form-Giver,' and so forth. So the Name, insofar as it designates the Essence, is the Named; and the Name, insofar as it is specified by the particular meaning for which it was coined, is not the Named. Once you understand that 'the Most High' is what we have mentioned, you will know that it does not refer to place (makān) nor to rank (makāna), for elevation of rank is restricted to those who hold authority—such as the sultan, rulers, viziers, judges, and every holder of a position—whether or not they possess the competence suited to that position. Elevation by attributes is not like this, for it may be that the most knowledgeable of people is subject to the judgment of one who holds the position of adjudication even though that person be the most ignorant of people. This is elevation of rank by virtue of subordination—it is not elevation in itself. If he is dismissed, his eminence vanishes; but the knower is not like this. A Noble Secret I said: In this there is a noble secret to which the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, alerted whoever sought it from him—either telling it to us directly or it being transmitted to us from one who heard it from him directly—and we now mention it: it is that elevation (al-ʿuluww) consists in the directions (al-jihāt), and the Perfect One possesses the directions within himself. Likewise, elevation of rank belongs to one who is attributed to the Perfect One—so elevation of rank is in proportion to proximity to the Perfect One. His Essence encompasses place and rank, so neither can be attributed to Him; rather, elevation in both stations occurs in accordance with proximity to Him. As for his saying: 'He is the Most High by elevation of place and by elevation of rank'—its meaning is: whoever has elevation acquired through proximity to Him, every elevation attained by one elevated is itself elevation and increase. As for the elevation of the Throne (al-ʿarshī), from His saying

Jāmī

﴿" بذبح عظيم"﴾

[الصافات: 107] بكسر الذال أي وهو ما يذبح. أي صورنا له نفسه في صورة ذبح (فظهر في صورة كبش) تصویر للفداء

[al-Ṣāffāt: 107] with kasra on the dhāl, meaning that which is sacrificed. That is, We formed for him his own self in the form of a sacrifice (so it appeared in the form of a ram) - a representation of the ransom

﴿" بذبح عظيم"﴾

[الصافات: 107] بكسر الذال أي وهو ما يذبح. أي صورنا له نفسه في صورة ذبح (فظهر في صورة كبش) تصویر للفداء

[al-Ṣāffāt: 107] with kasra on the dhāl, meaning that which is sacrificed. That is, We formed for him his own self in the form of a sacrifice (so it appeared in the form of a ram) - a representation of the ransom

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فظهر بصورة كبش من ظهر بصورة الإنسا ن﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، الظاهر بهذه الصورة الكبشية هو الذي ظهر بجميع الصور الإنسانية وغيرها، لأن الحقيقة الكلية إذا تعينت بتعين كلي، تصير نوعا من الأنواع، وعند تعينها بتعين جزئي، يصير شخصا من الأشخاص. فالظاهر في تعين شخصي من نوع، هو بعينه ظاهر في نوع آخر وأفراده. ألا ترى أن الحقيقة الحيوانية كما ظهرت في الصورة الإنسانية، كذلك ظهرت في الصورة الفرسية والغنمية وغيرها. فما فدا من نفسه بما هو أدنى منه، فإن الدنى لا يكون فداء للشريف. قال رضي الله عنه

That is, the one manifest in this ram-form is the very one who manifested in all human forms and others, because the universal reality, when it becomes entified by a universal entification, becomes a species among species, and when it becomes entified by a particular entification, becomes a person among persons. So the one manifest in a particular entification of a species is the very one manifest in another species and its individuals. Do you not see that the animal reality, just as it manifested in human form, likewise manifested in equine form, ovine form, and others? So he did not ransom himself with something lower than himself, for the lower cannot be a ransom for the noble. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿من ظهر بصورة إنسان﴾

يعني إبراهيم و إسحاق عليهما السلام (وظهر بصورة الولد لأبل بحكم الولد) ، أي نسبة الولدية وحكمها

meaning Abraham and Isaac, peace be upon them both. (And He manifested in the form of the son — no, rather by the ruling of the son), that is, the relation (nisba) of sonship and its ruling,

﴿من ظهر بصورة إنسان﴾

يعني إبراهيم و إسماعيل عليهما السلام (وظهر بصورة الولد لأبل بحكم الولد) ، أي نسبة الولدية وحكمها

meaning Abraham and Ishmael, peace be upon them (and appeared in the form of the child by virtue of the ruling of childhood), that is, the relation (nisba) of sonship and its ruling

Bālī Zāde

﴿من ظهر﴾

في عالم الرؤي

in the world of vision (dream)

Words 69–70 · 1 of 7

بِصُورَةِ إِنسَانٍ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿بصورة إنسان﴾

وهو ولد إبراهيم

namely the son of Abraham

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فظهر بصورة ولد، لا بل بحكم ولد من هو عين الوالد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، فظهر بصورة الولد من كان ظاهرا في صورة الوالد، وهو المتجلي الحقيقي في المظاهر كلها. ثم أضرب إثباتا لحكم الولدية بقوله: (لا، بل ظهر بحكم ولد). أي،بصورة المرتبة الولدية وأحكامها، لأن صورة الولد والوالد بحكم اتحاد الحقيقة النوعية واحدة، والمغايرة في حكم الولدية والوالدية في الصورة الشخصية لا غير. قال رضي الله عنه : (

That is, the one who was manifest in the form of the father manifested in the form of the son, and he is the true self-discloser (al-mutajallī al-ḥaqīqī) in all the loci of manifestation. Then he withdrew in order to affirm the ruling of son-ship, saying: 'Nay, rather he manifested in the capacity of a son,' that is, in the form of the level of son-ship and its rulings, because the form of the son and the father are, by virtue of the oneness of the specific reality, one, and the distinction in the ruling of son-ship and father-hood pertains only to the individual form. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿فظهر بصورة ولد لا بل بحكم ولد من هو عين الوالد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

فالأمر واحد ظهر بصورة الكبش والولد والوالد فهو عين ما ظهر فكان كل واحد من المظاهر عين الآخر بهذا الاعتبار

so the matter is one, appearing in the form of the ram, the son, and the father; it is identical with what appeared, such that each one of the manifestations (maẓāhir) is, in this respect, identical with the other

Ibn Turka

﴿من هو عين الوالد﴾

في الخارج . فتبيّن من هذه الآية تنوّع العين الواحدة بالصور المتخالفة حقيقة وحكما ، ولكنّ في الخيال والخارج - لا في الخارج - والذي يدلّ على ذلك فيه هو قوله تعالى : " يا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ من نَفْسٍ واحِدَةٍ "

externally. It thus becomes clear from this verse the diversification of the single entity into mutually differing forms, in reality and in ruling, but within imagination and the external realm - not in the external realm alone. And what indicates this therein is His saying, exalted is He: 'O mankind, fear your Lord who created you from a single soul'

Jāmī

﴿من هو عين الوالد﴾

وإنما أضرب تصريحا بالتقابل ، لأن الظهور بصورة المتقابلين أبدع. ثم ترقی رضي الله عنه إلى ذكر من هو أقرب إلى السبر من إبراهيم و إسحاق عليهما السلام وهو آدم عليه السلام وحواء وولدهما. "" تعقيب واجب على الشيخ الجامي رحمه الله يقول العبدلله : الذبيح الأول هو نبي الله إسماعيل ابن إبراهيم عليهما السلام وليس إسحاق عليه السلام الذي لم يكن ولد بعد عندما امر الله تعالي ابراهبم عليه السلام بذبح إبنه الوحيد في التوقيت إسماعيل عليه السلام الذي يكبر أخوه إسحاق عليه السلام يـ 14 عام . والذيح الثاني عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب والد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم . وليس كما يذهب مفسروا التوراة والأناجيل ان ذبيح الله هو إسحاق عليه السلام. أولا من نصوص التوراة : أقسم الله بذاته قائلاً لابو الأنبياء ايراهيم :" (16) وَقَالَ: «بِذَاتِي أَقْسَمْتُ يَقُولُ الرَّبُّ أَنِّي مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّكَ فَعَلْتَ هَذَا الأَمْرَ وَلَمْ تُمْسِكِ ابْنَكَ وَحِيدَكَ (17) أُبَارِكُكَ مُبَارَكَةً وَأُكَثِّرُ نَسْلَكَ تَكْثِيراً كَنُجُومِ السَّمَاءِ وَكَالرَّمْلِ الَّذِي عَلَى شَاطِئِ الْبَحْرِ وَيَرِثُ نَسْلُكَ بَابَ أَعْدَائِهِ (18) وَيَتَبَارَكُ فِي نَسْلِكَ جَمِيعُ أُمَمِ الأَرْضِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّكَ سَمِعْتَ لِقَوْلِي ." سفر تكوين 22: 16-18 جاء قسم الله ولم يكن إسحاق بعد قد ولِدَ ، حيث إن الفارق فى العمر بينهما هو ( 14 ) عاماَ: (16) كَانَ أَبْرَامُ ابْنَ سِتٍّ وَثَمَانِينَ سَنَةً لَمَّا وَلَدَتْ هَاجَرُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ لأَبْرَامَ.) تكوين 16: 16 و (5) وَكَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ ابْنَ مِئَةِ سَنَةٍ حِينَ وُلِدَ لَهُ إِسْحَاقُ ابْنُهُ.) سفر التكوين 21: 5. وهو ما يخالف ما ورد في القرآن الكريم في سورة الصافات ويؤيد هذه النصوص من التوراة ثانيا القرآن الكريم : قال الله تعالى عن إبراهيم عليه السلام :" فبشرناه بغلام حليم * فلما بلغ معه السعى قال يا بنى إنى أرى فى المنام أنى أذبحك فانظر ماذا ترى قال يا أبت افعل ما تؤمر ستجدنى إن شاء الله من الصابرين * فلما أسلما وتله للجبين . وناديناه أن يا إبراهيم . قد صدقت الرؤيا إنا كذلك نجزى المحسنين * إن هذا لهو البلاء المبين * وفديناه بذبح عظيم * وتركنا عليه فى الآخرين * سلام على إبراهيم . كذلك نجزى المحسنين * إنه من عبادنا المؤمنين * وبشرناه بإسحاق نبيا من الصالحين . وباركنا عليه وعلى إسحاق ومن ذريتهما محسن وظالم لنفسه مبين ". الصافات : 101 -113 . ثالثا السنة الشريفة : وروى الحاكم فى المستدرك: 3512 - عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما، في قوله عز وجل {وإن من شيعته لإبراهيم} [الصافات: 83] قال: " من شيعة نوح إبراهيم على منهاجه وسنته بلغ معه السعي شب حتى بلغ سعيه سعي إبراهيم في العمل، فلما أسلما ما أمرا به وتله للجبين وضع وجهه إلى الأرض فقال: لا تذبحني وأنت تنظر عسى أن ترحمني فلا تجهز علي اربط يدي إلى رقبتي، ثم ضع وجهي على الأرض فلما أدخل يده ليذبحه فلم يحك المدية حتى نودي {أن يا إبراهيم قد صدقت الرؤيا} [الصافات: 105] فأمسك يده ورفع قوله {وفديناه بذبح عظيم } [الصافات: 107] بكبش عظيم متقبل « وزعم ابن عباس أن الذبيح إسماعيل » هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين ولم يخرجاه " [التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] 3612 - على البخاري ومسلم وروى الحاكم فى المستدرك: 4038 - عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما، أنه قال في الذي فداه الله بذبح عظيم ، قال: «هو إسماعيل» هذا حديث صحيح على شرط الشيخين ولم يخرجاه " [التعليق - من تلخيص الذهبي] 4038 - على شرط البخاري ومسلم. الخلاصة : وعليه مما سبق الغلام الحليم هو نبي الله إسماعيل عليه السلام وليس نبي الله اسحاق. لنص الآية "وبشرناه بإسحاق نبيا "هو نبي الله إسحاق عليه السلام . و فارق 14 سنة كما ذكرت التوراة. رابعا البشارة : أتت البشارة باسحاق عليه السلام أتت بعد بعد ان اجتاز رسول الله إبراهيم والغلام الحليم إسماعيل عليهما السلام الإجتبار والبلاء المبين . خامسا ما سطره الشيخ في كتابه الإسفار عن نتيجة الأسفار: ماسطره الشيخ على أن الاعتقاد بكون الذبيح إسماعيل عليه السّلام ظاهر مما أورده الشيخ ابن العربي نفسه في كتابه الإسفار عن نتيجة الأسفار ( ص 37 ، سفر الهداية ) : « ولم ابتلي بذبح ما سأله من ربه وتحقق نسبة الابتلاء ، وصار بحكم الواقعة ، فكأنه قد ذبح - وإن كان حيّا - بشّر بإسحاق عليه السّلام من غير سؤال ، فجمع له بين الفداء وبين البدل مع بقاء المبدل منه." وعليه يكون النص الصحيح كالأتي : قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه : (قال) إسماعيل عليه السلام بل الحق متلبسا بصورة اسماعيل عليه السلام مخاطبا لنفسه في صورة إبراهيم عليه السلام ("يا أبت") يا من ظهر الحق بصورتي بواسطة ظهوره في صورتك وصورتي بك ( افعل ) [الصافات: 102]، أي هيىء لظهور فعل الحق فيك لتفعل ما تؤمر به في رؤياك من ذبحي إفناء نيابتي. (والولد) في الحقيقة المطلقة بل الحقيقة الإنسانية التي هي من التعينات الكلية له

I only presented it this way to make explicit the correspondence (taqābul), because manifestation in the form of two correlates is more marvelous. Then he, may God be pleased with him, ascended to mention one closer to scrutiny than Abraham and Isaac, peace be upon them both — namely Adam, peace be upon him, and Eve, and their child. — A necessary correction owed to Shaykh al-Jāmī, may God have mercy on him. The servant of God says: The first one sacrificed (al-dhabīḥ al-awwal) was the Prophet of God Ishmael, son of Abraham, peace be upon them both, and not Isaac, peace be upon him, who had not yet been born when God, exalted, commanded Abraham, peace be upon him, to sacrifice his only son at that time — Ishmael, peace be upon him, whose brother Isaac, peace be upon him, was younger than him by 14 years. The second one sacrificed (al-dhabīḥ al-thānī) was ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, father of the Messenger of God, may God's peace and blessings be upon him. This is not as the commentators on the Torah and the Gospels hold — that God's sacrifice was Isaac, peace be upon him. First, from the texts of the Torah: God swore by His own Essence, saying to the father of the prophets, Abraham: "(16) And He said: 'By Myself I have sworn, says the LORD, because you have done this thing and have not withheld your son, your only son, (17) that in blessing I will bless you, and in multiplying I will multiply your descendants as the stars of the heaven and as the sand which is on the seashore; and your descendants shall possess the gate of their enemies, (18) and in your seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed, because you have obeyed My voice.'" Genesis 22:16–18. God's oath came before Isaac had yet been born, since the difference in age between them is 14 years: "(16) Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore Ishmael to Abram." Genesis 16:16; and "(5) Abraham was a hundred years old when his son Isaac was born to him." Genesis 21:5. This contradicts what is stated in the Noble Qurʾān in Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt, while these Torah texts support it. Second, the Noble Qurʾān: God, exalted, said concerning Abraham, peace be upon him: "So We gave him glad tidings of a forbearing boy. And when he reached the age of working with him, he said: O my son, I see in a dream that I am slaughtering you, so look — what do you see? He said: O my father, do as you are commanded; you will find me, if God wills, among the patient. And when they had both submitted, and he laid him down upon his forehead, We called out to him: O Abraham, you have fulfilled the vision; indeed thus do We reward the doers of good. Indeed this was the clear trial. And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice. And We left for him [a remembrance] among later generations: Peace be upon Abraham. Thus do We reward the doers of good. Indeed he was among Our believing servants. And We gave him glad tidings of Isaac, a prophet among the righteous. And We blessed him and Isaac; and among their descendants are some who do good and some who clearly wrong themselves." Al-Ṣāffāt: 101–113. Third, the noble Sunna: Al-Ḥākim related in al-Mustadrak (3512), from Ibn ʿAbbās, may God be pleased with him, concerning His saying, mighty and exalted, "{And indeed, among his party was Abraham}" [Al-Ṣāffāt: 83]: he said: 'From the party of Noah was Abraham, following his path and way (sunna). He [the boy] reached the age of working with him, growing up until his striving reached the level of Abraham's striving in deeds. When they had both submitted to what they were commanded, and he laid him down upon his forehead — placing his face upon the ground — he said: Do not slaughter me while you are looking [at me]; perhaps you will have mercy on me, so do not finish me off; tie my hands to my neck, then place my face upon the ground. When he put forth his hand to slaughter him, the knife would not cut, until it was called out: {O Abraham, you have fulfilled the vision} [Al-Ṣāffāt: 105]. So he withheld his hand and lifted [the knife]. His saying {And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice} [Al-Ṣāffāt: 107] means with a great, accepted ram.' And Ibn ʿAbbās held that the one sacrificed was Ishmael. This is a sound ḥadīth by the criterion of the two Shaykhs [al-Bukhārī and Muslim], though they did not transmit it. [Commentary — from al-Dhahabī's summary]: 3612 — [sound] by the criterion of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. Al-Ḥākim also related in al-Mustadrak (4038), from Ibn ʿAbbās, may God be pleased with him, that he said concerning the one whom God ransomed with a great sacrifice: 'He is Ishmael.' This is a sound ḥadīth by the criterion of the two Shaykhs, though they did not transmit it. [Commentary — from al-Dhahabī's summary]: 4038 — by the criterion of al-Bukhārī and Muslim. Conclusion: From the foregoing, the forbearing boy (al-ghulām al-ḥalīm) is the Prophet of God Ishmael, peace be upon him, and not the Prophet of God Isaac — for the text of the verse 'And We gave him glad tidings of Isaac, a prophet' refers to the Prophet of God Isaac, peace be upon him, with a 14-year difference, as the Torah states. Fourth, the glad tidings: The glad tidings of Isaac, peace be upon him, came after the Messenger of God Abraham and the forbearing boy Ishmael, peace be upon them both, had passed through the testing and the clear tribulation (al-balāʾ al-mubīn). Fifth, what the Shaykh recorded in his book al-Isfār ʿan Natījat al-Asfār: What the Shaykh recorded makes evident that the belief that the one sacrificed was Ishmael, peace be upon him, is apparent from what Shaykh Ibn al-ʿArabī himself stated in his book al-Isfār ʿan Natījat al-Asfār (p. 37, Safar al-Hidāya): 'He was not tried with the sacrifice of what he had asked of his Lord, and the relation (nisba) of trial was realized, and it became, by the ruling of the actual occurrence, as though he had indeed been sacrificed — even though he remained alive. He [Abraham] was given glad tidings of Isaac, peace be upon him, without having asked for it, so there was combined for him both the ransom (fidāʾ) and the substitute (badal), along with the continued existence of that for which the substitution was made.' Accordingly, the correct text should read as follows: The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: (He said) Ishmael, peace be upon him — rather the Real clothed in the form of Ishmael, peace be upon him, addressing Himself in the form of Abraham, peace be upon him — ("O my father") O you in whom the Real became manifest in my form by means of His manifestation in your form, my form being through you (do [it]) [Al-Ṣāffāt: 102], that is, make ready for the manifestation of the Real's act within you, that you do what you are commanded in your vision — namely my slaughter — as an annihilation of my deputyship. (And the son), in the absolute reality — rather the human reality which is among the universal entifications for Him,

﴿من هو عين الوالد﴾

وإنما أضرب تصريحا بالتقابل ، لأن الظهور بصورة المتقابلين أبدع. ثم ترقی رضي الله عنه إلى ذكر من هو أقرب إلى السبر من إبراهيم و إسماعيل عليهما السلام وهو آدم عليه السلام وحواء وولدهما. "" أهـ. منشور موضوع كامل منقول عن ذبيح الله بعد نهاية الفص لمن أراد الزيادة. قال تعالى: "يا أيها الناس اتقوا ربكم الذي خلقكم من واحدة

He explicitly stated this to make clear the correspondence, for appearance in the form of two correlative things is more wondrous. Then he (may God be pleased with him) ascended to mention one who is closer to contemplation (sabr) than Abraham and Ishmael, peace be upon them, namely Adam, peace be upon him, and Eve and their child. End. [This is] a complete separate treatise transmitted concerning the 'Sacrificed of God' (Dhabīḥ Allāh) after the end of the chapter (faṣṣ), for whoever wishes additional [material]. The Exalted said: "O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one [soul]

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وخلق منها زوجها﴾

فما نكح سوى نفسه، فمنه الصاحبة والولد، والأمر واحد في العدد). لما كان خلق حواء من عين آدم، عليه السلام، موافقا لما هو في تقريره، نقل الكلام إليه استشهادا لما ذكره، فإن آدم وحوا يجمعهما حقيقة واحدة، ويميزهما تعين كل منهما من الآخر. فبالاعتبار الأول، ما ظهر بصورة آدم هو الذي ظهر بصورة حواء، وهو المستشهد لقوله: (ظهر بصورة الولد %~% من هو عين الوالد). لأنها أيضا ولد آدم وإن لم يسم بالولد. وقوله

Since the creation of Eve from the very entity of Adam, peace be upon him, corresponds to what he was establishing, the discourse shifted to it as testimony for what he had mentioned. For Adam and Eve are joined by one single reality, and are distinguished by the entification of each of them from the other. So, by the first consideration, the one who manifested in the form of Adam is the very one who manifested in the form of Eve, and this is the evidence for his saying: 'he appeared in the form of a son, he who is the very entity of the father,' because she too is Adam's offspring (walad), even though she is not called a 'son' (walad) by name. And his saying:

Ibn Turka

﴿" وَخَلَقَ مِنْها زَوْجَها "﴾

[ 4 / 1 ] ) أي من النفس الواحدة

[4/1]) i.e., from the single soul

Jāmī

﴿وخلق منها زوجها﴾

"، أي الذي أوجدكم بظهوره في صوركم ظهورا منتشأ من ظهوره بصورته

that is, He who brought you into existence through His appearing in your forms - an appearance arising from His appearing in His own form

Bālī Zāde

﴿وخلق منها زوجها﴾

فإذا خلق منه

so when he was created from it

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فما نكح سوى نفسه﴾

استشهاد لقوله

is adduced as evidence for his saying:

Ibn Turka

﴿فما نكح سوى نفسه﴾

فتبيّن من هذه الآيات القرآنيّة الكاشفة عن كنه الأشياء أن لا مغايرة في العين بين الوالد وزوجه ، ولا بينه وبين ولده

It thus becomes clear from these Qur'anic verses, which disclose the inmost nature of things, that there is no difference in entity between the father and his spouse, nor between him and his son

Jāmī

﴿فما نكح﴾

أي دم حين نكح

that is, Adam, when he married

Bālī Zāde

﴿فما نكح … سوى نفسه فمنه الصاحبة والولد والأمر واحد في العدد﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

ولا شيء في العدد غير الواحد . فإذا كان أصل الأمور واحدة

and there is nothing in number but the one. So since the root of all matters is one

Words 87–88 · 1 of 7

سِوَى نَفْسِهِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿سوى نفسه﴾

فإن زوجه من حيث الحقيقة المطلقة أو من حيث الحقيقة الإنسانية النوعية التي هي من التعينات الكلية لها عينه (فمنه) ، أي من آدم بالاعتبار المذكور. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

for his mate, from the standpoint of the Absolute Reality, or from the standpoint of the universal human reality which is among its universal determinations (taʿayyunāt), is identical with his own entity (ʿayn). (So from him) that is, from Adam in the aforementioned respect. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0690CafifTilimsani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00081-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/tilmasani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0898NurDinJami.SharhMatnFususHikam.IAC00088-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jami_matn.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 1073MustafaSulaymanBaliZadah.SharhFususHikam.IAC00082-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0673AbuMacaliQunawi.Fukuk.IAC00079-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qunawi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.