About this text: Breaths of Intimacy
نفحات الانس من حضرات القدس
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (817–898/1414–1492)
Jāmī's lives of the Sufis (883/1478): a first selection of the people our texts name, and his closing chapter on 34 women, each with his opening words and the Lees page.
81 entries · English: none published
Lees ed., Calcutta 1858–59 (public domain): Persian openings read from the page images · AI English summaries marked
Read itVersions
2 layers, each with its licenceThe original
Jāmī, Nafaḥāt al-uns (Lees edition), for the people named in this textW. Nassau Lees, Mawlawī Ghulām ʿĪsā, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd, Kabīr al-Dīn Aḥmad · 1858–59Public domain
- By
- W. Nassau Lees, Mawlawī Ghulām ʿĪsā, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd, Kabīr al-Dīn Aḥmad (editors) · 1858–59
- Source:
- ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī, Nafaḥāt al-uns min ḥaḍarāt al-quds (completed 883/1478), ed. W. Nassau Lees et al. (Calcutta: Bibliotheca Indica, 1858–59), 784 pp. Asiatic Society copy, Digital Library of India scan · link ↗
- In the reader:
- Per person, in the lineage panel and the Companions: the entry number, the Lees page (linked), and Jāmī's opening words, transcribed from the page image
- Licence:
- Public domain (printed 1858–59; the scan is marked "In Public Domain")
- Notes
- Hagiography: how the tradition remembered these people two centuries on, not a record of fact. Entries located with the printed index and Apple Vision OCR; quoted lines read from the page images. Compared privately with a modern typeset Persian edition and two Arabic translations (research/JAMI_NAFAHAT_SCOPE.md). The standard critical edition (ʿĀbidī, Tehran 1991) is not yet held.
AI layers
English of Jāmī's opening words, and a short summary of each entryClaude (AI) · 2026-10-29AIOur work
- By
- Claude (AI) (summaries from the Lees text, checked against the typeset Persian and two Arabic versions) · 2026-10-29
- In the reader:
- Folded under each person; amber AI badge
- Licence:
- Ours (AI, unreviewed)
- Made by:
- Claude Sonnet 5.5 (drafts and triangulation), Claude Opus 5.5 (edit), 2026-10-29 (No English translation of the Nafaḥāt exists; the summaries are AI from the Persian, triangulated with the Arabic versions)
✦ marks AI that no person has reviewed yet; ✧ marks AI reviewed by a named person. Copyrighted works are cited, never shown. All sources · How texts are established
How this page was made
The base is the Lees edition (Calcutta, 1858–59), a public-domain scan. Each entry was found with the printed index and an Apple Vision OCR pass, and Jāmī's opening words were then read from the page image itself, not from the OCR.
The English is AI, marked, and unreviewed. Each summary was checked against a modern typeset Persian edition and an annotated Arabic translation, both held privately and cited only, never copied. Where they disagree with Lees on a name, a date or a fact, the entry says so under “Witnesses differ”.
The standard critical edition, ʿĀbidī (Tehran, 1991), is not yet held, so the Persian here is Lees's, with his errors.
This is a selection: the men our texts name and the women's chapter. In the Lees edition the book has 611 numbered entries: 577 men, then the 34 women.
Translations that exist
Cited only. We do not host or quote them, and our English owes nothing to their wording.
- Chaghatay Turkish: ʿAlī Shīr Navāʾī, Nasāyim al-maḥabba (1495); abridged, and adds some 170 Turkic and Indian Sufis.
- Ottoman Turkish: Lāmiʿī Çelebi, Futūḥ al-mujāhidīn (1521); a further Tercüme-i Nefehât of the 17th century; full, the first with additions of his own.
- Modern Turkish: Süleyman Uludağ and Mustafa Kara, Evliya Menkıbeleri (1995); full, simplified, from Lāmiʿī.
- Arabic: Tāj al-Dīn b. Zakariyyā al-ʿUthmānī (15th–16th c.) and Zileli Muḥarrem Efendi; a modern annotated edition with sources traced; full.
- French: Silvestre de Sacy, Notices et extraits XII (1831); the preface and extracts.
- Urdu: Sayyid Aḥmad ʿAlī Chishtī Niẓāmī (Lahore 2002); full.
- English: none found; short passages appear inside studies of single figures, but not the book.