تيم (root tym)

The first of the names of the arrows is al-fadhdh (الفذ), then al-tawʾam (التوأم), then al-raqīb (الرقيب), then al-ḥils (الحلس), then al-nāfir (النافر), then al-musbil (المسبل), then al-muʿallā (المعلى). Those that have no share are al-manīḥ (المنيح), al-safīḥ (السفيح) and al-waghd (الوغد). Al-tūmah (التومة) is the earring. Al-tawʾamān (التوأمان) are two children in one womb; one says atʾamat al-marʾah (أتأمت المرأة), and she is mutʾim (متئم). Al-tawʾam is also one of the stars of al-Jawzāʾ (Gemini). One says atʾamat al-marʾah when she was afḍat (أفضيت); the noun is al-mutʾamah (المتأمة) and al-tiʾām (التآم). Al-Ḥuṭayʾah said: "The neighbour woman of the house of Luʾay does not slaughter her own taymah (tatāʾamu, تتآم), but they guarantee her her hospitality." [Footnote marker 81.] One says atāma l-rajul (أتام الرجل) and atʾamat al-marʾah, meaning he slaughtered his rabībah sheep (الربيبة); the name of his sheep is al-nǐʾmah (النئمة).

Al-tūmah (التومة), with ḍammah, is the singular of al-tūm (التوم): a bead made of silver like a pearl. As for the verse of Dhū l-Rummah: "Until there came a day from whose scorching heat the tūm in its nest-hollow almost cracks open." Abū ʿUbayd said: he means the eggs.

The tāʾ, yāʾ and mīm form a single root, which is enslavement (taʿbīd, التعبيد). One says tayyamahu l-ḥubb (تيمه الحب) when love has enslaved him. The language scholars said: from this comes Taymu llāh (تيم الله), meaning 'servant of God'. Among what departs from this chapter is the taymah (التيمة), which is the sheep in excess of forty; it is also said that it is the sheep a man milks in his own home. One says ittāma l-rajul (واتام الرجل) when he slaughters his taymah. Al-Ḥuṭayʾah said: "The neighbour woman of the house of Laʾy does not slaughter her own taymah (tatāmu, تتام), but they guarantee her her hospitality."

Al-tūmah (التومة) is the pearl; the plural is tūm and tuwam. Dhū l-Rummah said: "A thick growth, as if the dew, while the sun was lingering, when the tūm kindled in its branches." Abū ʿAmr said: it is the durrah (pearl), the tūmah, the tawʾamiyyah (التؤامية) and the laṭmiyyah (اللطمية). Al-Jawharī said: al-tūmah, with ḍammah, is the singular of al-tūm, a bead made of silver like a pearl; this is how it was explained in the poetry of Dhū l-Rummah. Al-tūmah is also the earring with a bead in it. Al-Layth said: al-tūmah is the earring. Ibn al-Sikkīt said: Ayyūb and Musḥil, the sons of Rabdāʾ, daughter of Jarīr, said: Jarīr used to call his two poems in which he praised ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Marwān and satirized the poets by this name. One of them is: "The companions departed for a distant land and parting, and at Rāmatayn I have indeed forgotten my consolation." The other is: "O my two companions, evening has drawn near, so travel on." They said: he used to call them 'the two tūmahs' (al-tūmatayn, التومتين). In the hadith of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace: he said to the women, "Is any of you unable to make two tūmahs of silver and then smear them with ambergris?" Abū Manṣūr said: whoever calls the pearl tūmah likens it to what is fashioned from silver, like a rounded pearl that a girl puts in her ears; and whoever says tawʾamiyyah means two pearls for the two ears, one the twin (tawʾamah) of the other. In the hadith of al-Kawthar: "and its pebbles are al-tūm," that is, pearls. Al-tūmah is also the ostrich egg, by analogy with the pearl tūmah; the plural is as the plural above. Dhū l-Rummah said: "Until there came a day from whose scorching heat the tūm in its nest-hollow almost cracks open." Abū ʿUbayd said: he means the eggs. Yatasayyaḥ (يتصيح) is a dialectal variant of yatasawwaḥ (يتصوح), meaning to split open. Dhū l-Rummah also said, describing a plant on which the dew had fallen and clung to its branches like pearls: "A thick growth, as if the dew, while the sun was lingering, when the tūm kindled in its branches." Afnānuhu (أفنانه) are its branches, singular fanan (فنن). Tawaqqada (توقد) means it shone because the sun rose upon it. Tawmāʾ (توماء) is a place within the administrative district of Damascus. Jarīr said: "They arrived at Tawmāʾ in the morning, while the priest of the Christians struck the bell, on lean, swift she-camels that raced with us."