Atlas
About this atlas
The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.
أبو حنيفة النعمان بن ثابت
Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit
Died 150/767 · born 80/699 · Kufa, Baghdad
Eponym of the Ḥanafī school
Sources for this person
The chain up to the Prophet
Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.
Route 1 of 3, the best-sourced: Schools of law and ḥadīth. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
companionship (ṣuḥba) · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd · Two independent sources
Companion of the Prophet (Siyar entry, heading read only).
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 32384)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L102645 · agreesIbn Masʿūd’s entry opens his sources with the Prophet.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, Shamela0010906 #L32388 · agreesSiyar: early convert and Badr veteran, i.e. a Companion of the Prophet.
ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūdعبد الله بن مسعود652two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · ʿAbd Allāh b. Masʿūd to ʿAlqama b. Qays al-Nakhaʿī · Two independent sources
Siyar: ʿAlqama went to Kufa and kept close company with Ibn Masʿūd.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry ʿAlqama b. Qays (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 55330)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L133258 · agreesʿAlqama’s entry lists Ibn Masʿūd among those he narrated from, and Ibn Masʿūd’s companions in Kufa include ʿAlqama.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, Shamela0010906 #L32388 · agreesIbn Masʿūd entry: early convert, fought at Badr; Kufan circle context (heading and opening read).
ʿAlqama b. Qays al-Nakhaʿīعلقمة بن قيس682two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · ʿAlqama b. Qays al-Nakhaʿī to Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī · Two independent sources
Siyar lists ʿAlqama b. Qays among those from whom Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī narrated; ʿAlqama was his maternal uncle.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 64219)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L8852, 133258 · agreesal-Nakhaʿī’s entry lists ʿAlqama among his sources; ʿAlqama’s entry calls him maternal uncle (khāl) and lists his nephew as pupil.
Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿīإبراهيم النخعيtwo sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī to Ḥammād b. Abī Sulaymān · Two independent sources
Siyar: Ḥammād studied fiqh with Ibrāhīm al-Nakhaʿī, his most gifted pupil.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Ḥammād (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 70727)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L43464, 8852 · agreesḤammād’s entry lists al-Nakhaʿī first among his sources; al-Nakhaʿī’s entry lists Ḥammād among his pupils. Ḥammād’s death given as 120, or 119 per others.
Ḥammād b. Abī Sulaymānحماد بن أبي سليمان738two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · Ḥammād b. Abī Sulaymān to Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit · Two independent sources
Siyar: Abū Ḥanīfa studied fiqh with Ḥammād; TDV: attended his circle 102-120/720-738, his 'main teacher'.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Abū Ḥanīfa (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 84378)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Ebû Hanîfe'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L201047, 43464 · agreesAbū Ḥanīfa’s entry lists Ḥammād among his teachers. Death dates there: 151 or 153, unlike the 150 used here (TDV).
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L44192 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Abū Ḥanīfa took fiqh from Ḥammād b. Abī Sulaymān; also heard ʿAṭāʾ and Abū Isḥāq al-Sabīʿī.
Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābitأبو حنيفة النعمان بن ثابت767
Other routes (2)
Route 2 of 3: Schools of law and ḥadīth
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
companionship (ṣuḥba) · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar · Two independent sources
Companion of the Prophet (TDV Mālik names Ibn ʿUmar's rulings as Nāfiʿ's subject).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Mâlik b. Enes'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L98639 · agreesIbn ʿUmar’s entry opens his sources with the Prophet.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, Shamela0010906 #L48157 · agreesSiyar: Ibn ʿUmar narrated much beneficial knowledge from the Prophet and his father.
ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmarعبد الله بن عمرtwo sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar to Nāfiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Madanī · Two independent sources
Siyar: Nāfiʿ was Ibn ʿUmar's freedman and transmitter.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Nāfiʿ (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 68010)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L199586, 98639 · agreesNāfiʿ’s entry heads him as mawlā of Ibn ʿUmar and lists Ibn ʿUmar among his sources; Ibn ʿUmar has the Prophet as source.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L43453 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Nāfiʿ, freedman of ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar; heard his master; Mālik among his transmitters.
Nāfiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Madanīنافع بن عبد الرحمنc. 786two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · Nāfiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Madanī to Mālik b. Anas · Two independent sources
Siyar: Mālik took from Nāfiʿ; TDV: attended Nāfiʿ's circle for years for Ibn ʿUmar's rulings.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Mālik (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 94438)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Mâlik b. Enes'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L183246, 199586 · agreesMālik’s entry lists Nāfiʿ mawlā Ibn ʿUmar first among his sources; Nāfiʿ’s entry lists Mālik among those who narrated from him.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L29992, 43453 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Mālik heard al-Zuhrī and Nāfiʿ mawlā Ibn ʿUmar; Nāfiʿ’s entry names Mālik among his transmitters.
Mālik b. Anasمالك بن أنس795one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · Mālik b. Anas to Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī · One source
TDV: al-Shaybānī attended Mālik's circle about three years; Siyar lists Mālik among his sources.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Mâlik b. Enes'al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry al-Shaybānī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 105477)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L183246 · silentMālik’s entry in the Tahdhīb does not list al-Shaybānī among those who narrated from him.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30862, 29992 · silentIbn Khallikān’s entries on al-Shaybānī and Mālik do not mention study; the link rests on the Siyar and TDV.
Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānīمحمد بن الحسن الشيباني805two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
studied with · Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī to Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit · Two independent sources
Siyar: al-Shaybānī took part of his fiqh from Abū Ḥanīfa and completed it with Abū Yūsuf.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry al-Shaybānī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 105476)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L201047 · agreesAbū Ḥanīfa’s entry lists Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī among those who narrated from him.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30862, 51995 · differsIbn Khallikān: al-Shaybānī sat in Abū Ḥanīfa’s circle two years, then studied fiqh under Abū Yūsuf; Abū Yūsuf’s pupils include him.
- Hallaq, Sharīʿa (2009), hallaq_sharia_2009.txt#L3412-3436 (pp. 63-64) · agreesAbū Ḥanīfa and Abū Yūsuf each had personal followings, later merged into one doctrinal Hanafite school; Shaybānī listed among personal-school jurists.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Ibn Khallikān (entry al-Shaybānī): he sat in Abū Ḥanīfa’s circle about two years and then studied fiqh under Abū Yūsuf, so most of his Hanafite fiqh came through Abū Yūsuf. The Siyar basis (completed with Abū Yūsuf) is consistent.Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, entry Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan (OpenITI Shamela0001000, line 30862)
Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābitأبو حنيفة النعمان بن ثابت767
Route 3 of 3: Schools of law and ḥadīth
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- Nāfiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Madanīنافع بن عبد الرحمنc. 786
two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · Nāfiʿ b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Madanī to Mālik b. Anas · Two independent sources
Siyar: Mālik took from Nāfiʿ; TDV: attended Nāfiʿ's circle for years for Ibn ʿUmar's rulings.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Mālik (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 94438)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Mâlik b. Enes'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L183246, 199586 · agreesMālik’s entry lists Nāfiʿ mawlā Ibn ʿUmar first among his sources; Nāfiʿ’s entry lists Mālik among those who narrated from him.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L29992, 43453 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Mālik heard al-Zuhrī and Nāfiʿ mawlā Ibn ʿUmar; Nāfiʿ’s entry names Mālik among his transmitters.
Mālik b. Anasمالك بن أنس795one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīth
studied with · Mālik b. Anas to Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī · One source
TDV: al-Shaybānī attended Mālik's circle about three years; Siyar lists Mālik among his sources.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Mâlik b. Enes'al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry al-Shaybānī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 105477)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L183246 · silentMālik’s entry in the Tahdhīb does not list al-Shaybānī among those who narrated from him.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30862, 29992 · silentIbn Khallikān’s entries on al-Shaybānī and Mālik do not mention study; the link rests on the Siyar and TDV.
Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānīمحمد بن الحسن الشيباني805two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
studied with · Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī to Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit · Two independent sources
Siyar: al-Shaybānī took part of his fiqh from Abū Ḥanīfa and completed it with Abū Yūsuf.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry al-Shaybānī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 105476)Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L201047 · agreesAbū Ḥanīfa’s entry lists Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan al-Shaybānī among those who narrated from him.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30862, 51995 · differsIbn Khallikān: al-Shaybānī sat in Abū Ḥanīfa’s circle two years, then studied fiqh under Abū Yūsuf; Abū Yūsuf’s pupils include him.
- Hallaq, Sharīʿa (2009), hallaq_sharia_2009.txt#L3412-3436 (pp. 63-64) · agreesAbū Ḥanīfa and Abū Yūsuf each had personal followings, later merged into one doctrinal Hanafite school; Shaybānī listed among personal-school jurists.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Ibn Khallikān (entry al-Shaybānī): he sat in Abū Ḥanīfa’s circle about two years and then studied fiqh under Abū Yūsuf, so most of his Hanafite fiqh came through Abū Yūsuf. The Siyar basis (completed with Abū Yūsuf) is consistent.Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, entry Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan (OpenITI Shamela0001000, line 30862)
Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābitأبو حنيفة النعمان بن ثابت767
How to read the marks
- Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
- One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
- The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
- A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
- The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
- A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).
Who received from Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit
No one is recorded below this person in the sources read.
How to cite
Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/abu-hanifa (data of 31 October 2026).