Atlas
About this atlas
The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.
خلف بن هشام البزار
Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār
Died 229 AH · born 150 AH · Kufa
Rāwī of Ḥamza (through Sulaym) and himself the tenth canonical reader (his own choice, ikhtiyār)
Sources for this person
The chain up to the Prophet
Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.
Route 1 of 3, the best-sourced: Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readingssources differ
read the Qurʾān to · Sulaymān b. Mihrān al-Aʿmash to Ḥamza b. Ḥabīb al-Zayyāt · Two independent sources
Ḥamza read to al-Aʿmash.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4156-4158Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7246 · agrees (not independent)Entry: presented to al-Aʿmash.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1113 · agreesAʿmash entry: Ḥamza the reader read to him.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L160-L166 · agreesRijāl of Ḥamza: al-Aʿmash.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Ibn al-Jazarī: ʿarḍan (a full recitation), 'and it is said, the letters only' (al-ḥurūf faqaṭ).Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4156-4157
Ḥamza b. Ḥabīb al-Zayyātحمزة بن حبيب الزياتc. 773two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Ḥamza b. Ḥabīb al-Zayyāt to Sulaym b. ʿĪsā al-Ḥanafī · Two independent sources
Khalaf and Khallād read to Sulaym, who read to Ḥamza (Ibn al-Jazarī: 121 paths from Ḥamza).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4152-4154Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L8914 · agrees (not independent)Entry: presented the Qurʾān to Ḥamza, his closest companion.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1833 · agreesEntry: Ḥamza's reader, with al-Kisāʾī the two foremost.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L70-L135 · agreesDānī: Khalaf and Khallād read to Sulaym, from Ḥamza.
Sulaym b. ʿĪsā al-Ḥanafīسليم بن عيسىc. 804two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Sulaym b. ʿĪsā al-Ḥanafī to Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār · Two independent sources
Khalaf, as Ḥamza's rāwī, read to Sulaym.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4152-4154Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7592 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to Sulaym, from Ḥamza.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L2838 · agreesEntry: read to Sulaym, from Ḥamza.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L254-L266 · agreesIsnād of Khalaf: reads to Sulaym, from Ḥamza.
Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzārخلف بن هشام البزارc. 844
Other routes (2)
Route 2 of 3: Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- ʿĀṣim b. Abī l-Najūd al-Kūfīعاصم بن أبي النجودc. 745
two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · ʿĀṣim b. Abī l-Najūd al-Kūfī to Shuʿba (Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh) · Two independent sources
Ḥafṣ and Abū Bakr (Shuʿba) read to ʿĀṣim, imām of Kufa.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3919Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L9169 · agrees (not independent)Entry: presented the Qurʾān to ʿĀṣim three times.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1748 · agreesEntry: read to ʿĀṣim.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L237-L253 · agreesIsnād of Shuʿba reaches ʿĀṣim.
Shuʿba (Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh)شعبة أبو بكر بن عياشc. 809two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Shuʿba (Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh) to Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā · Two independent sources
Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa was a pupil of Abū Bakr (Shuʿba); Abū Bakr, al-Mufaḍḍal and Abān read to ʿĀṣim.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4802-4805Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L9169 · agrees (not independent)Entry: Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā read to Shuʿba.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L2133 · agreesEntry: read to Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh.
Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshāيعقوب بن خليفة الأعشىtwo sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā to Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār · Two independent sources
Khalaf read to Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā, pupil of Abū Bakr (Shuʿba).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4801-4803Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7592 · agrees (not independent)Entry: ʿarḍ from Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā (on ʿĀṣim).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L2838 · agreesEntry: read to Abū Yūsuf al-Aʿshā for ʿĀṣim.
Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzārخلف بن هشام البزارc. 844
Route 3 of 3: Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- ʿĀṣim b. Abī l-Najūd al-Kūfīعاصم بن أبي النجودc. 745
two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · ʿĀṣim b. Abī l-Najūd al-Kūfī to Shuʿba (Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh) · Two independent sources
Ḥafṣ and Abū Bakr (Shuʿba) read to ʿĀṣim, imām of Kufa.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3919Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L9169 · agrees (not independent)Entry: presented the Qurʾān to ʿĀṣim three times.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1748 · agreesEntry: read to ʿĀṣim.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L237-L253 · agreesIsnād of Shuʿba reaches ʿĀṣim.
Shuʿba (Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh)شعبة أبو بكر بن عياشc. 809two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Shuʿba (Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh) to Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā · Two independent sources
Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa was a pupil of Abū Bakr (Shuʿba); Abū Bakr, al-Mufaḍḍal and Abān read to ʿĀṣim.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4802-4805Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L9169 · agrees (not independent)Entry: Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā read to Shuʿba.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L2133 · agreesEntry: read to Abū Bakr b. ʿAyyāsh.
Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshāيعقوب بن خليفة الأعشىtwo sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā to Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār · Two independent sources
Khalaf read to Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā, pupil of Abū Bakr (Shuʿba).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4801-4803Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7592 · agrees (not independent)Entry: ʿarḍ from Yaʿqūb b. Khalīfa al-Aʿshā (on ʿĀṣim).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L2838 · agreesEntry: read to Abū Yūsuf al-Aʿshā for ʿĀṣim.
Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzārخلف بن هشام البزارc. 844
How to read the marks
- Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
- One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
- The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
- A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
- The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
- A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).
Who received from Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār
2 recorded, each with the chain set it belongs to.
- Idrīs b. ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ḥaddādإدريس الحدادc. 905
two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār to Idrīs b. ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Ḥaddād · Two independent sources
Idrīs read to Khalaf b. Hishām.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4786-4792Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L4163 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to Khalaf, his riwāya and ikhtiyār.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L3425 · agreesEntry: read to Khalaf al-Bazzār.
- Isḥāq al-Warrāqإسحاق الوراق
one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār to Isḥāq al-Warrāq · One source
al-Ḥaddād and al-Warrāq read to Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār, 'master of the choice' (ṣāḥib al-ikhtiyār).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4786-4792Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L4204 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to Khalaf and kept his selection.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L2838 · silentEntry does not state this link.
How to cite
Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “Khalaf b. Hishām al-Bazzār”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/khalaf (data of 31 October 2026).