Mashrabaمشربة

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فَصُّ حِكْمَةٍ قُدُّوسِيَّةٍ فِي كَلِمَةٍ إِدْرِيسِيَّةٍ

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11 · 83 words · shading: how many commentators stop on each word

فَمَا ثَمَّ إِلَّا حَيْرَةٌ لِتَفَرُّقِ النَّظَرِ وَمَنْ عَرَفَ مَا قُلْنَاهُ لَمْ يَحَرّ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي مَزِيدِ عِلْمٍ فَلَيْسَ إِلَّا مِنْ حُكْمِ المَحَلِّ وَالمَحَلُّ عَيْنُ العَيْنِ الثَّابِتَةِ فِيهَا يَتَنَوَّعُ الحَقُّ فِي المَجْلَى فَتَتَنَوَّعُ الأَحْكَامُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَقْبَلُ كُلَّ حُكْمٍ وَمَا يَحْكُمُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا عَيْنُ مَا تَجَلَّى فِيهِ مَا ثَمَّ إِلَّا هَذَا فَالحَقُّ خَلْقٌ بِهَذَا الوَجْهِ فَاعْتَبِرُوا وَلَيْسَ خَلْقًا بِذَاكَ الوَجْهِ فَادَّكِرُوا مَنْ يَدْرِ مَا قُلْتُ لَمْ تُخْذَلْ بَصِيرَتُهُ وَلَيْسَ يَدْرِيهِ إِلَّا مَنْ لَهُ بَصَرٌ جَمِّعْ وَفَرِّقْ فَإِنَّ العَيْنَ وَاحِدَةٌ وَهِيَ الكَثِيرَةُ لَا تَبْقِي وَلَا تَذَرُ

So there is nothing there but bewilderment, because [rational] consideration is dispersed. But whoever knows what we have said is not bewildered. And if he is in [a state of] increase of knowledge, that is only from the property of the locus, and the locus is the very self of the fixed entity. In it the Real takes on diverse forms in the place of disclosure, so the properties [ascribed] to Him become diverse, and He accepts every property. Nothing passes judgement upon Him except the very self of that in which He discloses Himself. There is nothing there but this. So the Real is creation in this respect, so take heed! And He is not creation in that respect, so remember! Whoever discerns what I have said, his inner sight will not be forsaken; yet none discerns it but one who has sight. Gather and separate, for the Entity is one, and it is the many, which 'leaves nothing and spares nothing' [Q 74:28].

On the whole passage · 1 of 6

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿ومن عرف ما قلناه لم يحر. و إن كان في مزيد علم فليس إلا من حكم المحل ، و المحل عين العين الثابتة: فيها يتنوع الحق في المجلى فتتنوع الأحكام عليه، فيقبل كل حكم، و ما يحكم عليه إلا عين ما تجلى فيه، و ما ثم إلا هذا: فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبروا %~% و ليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذكرو من يدر ما قلت لم تخذل بصيرته %~% و ليس يدريه إلا من له بصر جمع و فرق فإن العين واحدة %~% وهي الكثيرة لا تبقى ولا تذر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

ويقول رضي الله عنه : العجز عن درك الإدراك إدراك (و) أم

and he, may God be pleased with him, says: Incapacity to attain perception is [itself] a perception, and

al-Qāshānī

﴿فما ثم إلا حيرة لتفرق النظر﴾

أي نظر أهل الحجاب الناظرين بالفكر العقلي ، لتحيرهم في أنه واحد في مرايا مختلفة أو كثير في مرآة واحدة . قال رضي الله عنه

that is, the vision of the people of the veil who look with rational reflection, on account of their bewilderment as to whether it is one in differing mirrors or many in one mirror. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿فما ثمّ إلَّا حيرة ، لتفرّق النظر﴾

يعني في نظر أهل الحجاب . قال رضي الله عنه

He means: in the vision of the people of the veil (ahl al-ḥijāb). He - may God be pleased with him - said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فما ثمة إلا حيرة لتفرق النظر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، نظر العقل في الوجوه المتعددة المتضادة والمتناقضة وغيرها، فإنه لا يعرف أنه حقيقة واحدة ظهرت في صور مختلفة أو حقائق كثيرة. قال رضي الله عنه

That is, the vision of the intellect among the multiple forms—opposing, contradicting, and otherwise—for it does not know whether it is one single reality that has manifested in differing forms, or many realities. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿فما ثمّ إلَّا حيرة لتفرّق النظر﴾

فإنّه كلَّما استحصل من ذلك المشهد علما حار ورجع مما كان عليه ، فإنّ « الحيرة » لغة هي الرجعة ، فليس له من ذلك إلَّا الحيرة والعجز - كما قيل : « العجز عن درك الإدراك إدراك » - فكلَّما ازداد منه علما ، ازداد فيه تحيّرا ، وعليه ورد: « ربّ زدني تحيّرا » و " رَبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْماً " * [ 20 / 114 ] . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

for whenever he obtains knowledge from that witnessing-place, he becomes bewildered and reverts from what he was upon, for "bewilderment" (ḥayra) linguistically means "returning" (rajʿa); so he has nothing from that except bewilderment and incapacity—as it has been said: "incapacity to attain comprehension is itself a comprehension"—so the more his knowledge increases from it, the more his bewilderment in it increases, and upon this is based: "My Lord, increase me in bewilderment" and "My Lord, increase me in knowledge" [20:114]. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿فما ثم﴾

أي عند تعدد المرآتين

that is, when there is multiplicity of the two mirrors

Words 3–4 · 1 of 6

إِلَّا حَيْرَةٌ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿إلا حيرة﴾

للموحد المشاهد

for the one professing unity (al-muwaḥḥid) who witnesses

Words 5–6 · 1 of 6

لِتَفَرُّقِ النَّظَرِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿لتفرق النظر﴾

أي تفرق نظر شهوده فإنه يقع تارة على صور كثيرة في مرآة واحدة وتارة على صورة واحدة في مرايا متعددة ، ولا يتمكن من التمييز بين المراتب بل يجهلها في عين علمه بها بطريق الذوق والوجدان فيتحير ويعترف بالعجز . قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه

that is, the dispersal of the vision of his witnessing. For it falls sometimes upon many forms in a single mirror, and sometimes upon a single form in multiple mirrors, and he is unable to distinguish between the levels - rather he is ignorant of them even while knowing them by way of tasting (dhawq) and direct experience (wijdān) - so he becomes bewildered and acknowledges his incapacity. The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qāshānī

﴿ومن عرف ما قلناه لم يحر﴾

أي من عرف أن الوجود الحق يظهر في الأعيان بحسب التعينات المختلفة بصور مختلفة فيقبل أحكاما مختلفة لم يتحير لصدق الأمرين جميعا ، باعتبار شهود الكثرة في الذات الواحدة لتجليها بصور الأعيان ، ولاعتبار شهود الوحدة في صور الكثرة لتحققها بالحقيقة الأحدية. قال رضي الله عنه

that is, whoever knows that the Real Existence manifests in the entities according to differing entifications in differing forms, and thus receives differing rulings, is not bewildered, since both matters are equally true — by consideration of witnessing multiplicity in the one Essence through its self-disclosure in the forms of the entities, and by consideration of witnessing unity in the forms of multiplicity through their realization by the One Reality. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿ومن عرف ما قلناه لم يحر﴾

يعني رضي الله عنه : إذا عرف أنّ حقيقة الوجود الواحد الحق لذاتها تقبل كلّ ذلك ومن عينها تقتضي الظهور بجميع ذلك ، فإنّه لن يحار أصلا إلَّا الحيرة الأخيرة التي هي عين الشهود الحق والأمثلة قد تقدّمت ، فانظر وتدبّر ، والله الموفّق ، والعارف ممّا قلنا في مزيد علم ، والله أعلم . قال رضي الله عنه

- he (may God be pleased with him) means: when one knows that the reality of the one true Existence, by virtue of its own essence, accepts all of this, and from its very identity (ʿayn) demands manifestation in all of this, then he will not be bewildered at all, except for that final bewilderment which is itself the true vision (al-shuhūd al-ḥaqq). The examples have already been given, so look and reflect - God is the Grantor of success. And the knower (al-ʿārif) will attain increased knowledge from what we have said. God knows best. He (may God be pleased with him) said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿ومن عرف ما قلناه، لم يحر﴾

بفتح الحاء. أي ومن عرف ما قررناه، من أن الحقيقة الواحدة هي الظاهرة في صور المراتب المتكثرة والمظاهر المختلفة، لم يقعفي الحيرة. قال رضي الله عنه

(lam yaḥir, with fatḥa on the ḥāʾ). That is, he who knows what we have established—that the one single reality is that which is manifest in the forms of the multiple levels and the differing loci of manifestation—does not fall into bewilderment. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿ومن عرف ما قلناه﴾

من الجمعيّة الكماليّة الختميّة التي أشير إليه

of the perfecting, sealed comprehensiveness (jamʿiyya) to which reference has been made

Jāmī

﴿من عرف ما قلناه﴾

من الفرق بين المرتبتين و ميز بينهما بالعلم والعرفان كما علمهما بالذوق والوجدان

of the distinction between the two levels, and has distinguished between them through knowledge and gnosis (ʿirfān), just as he knew them both through tasting and direct experience

Bālī Zāde

﴿ومن عرف ما قلناه﴾

من أن الحي المنزه هو الخلق المشبه

namely, that the Living One who is declared incomparable (al-ḥayy al-munazzah) is the creation declared similar (al-khalq al-mushabbah)

Ibn Turka

﴿لم يحر - وإن كان في مزيد علم﴾

من تلك الجمعيّة الإطلاقيّة ، وذلك لأنّ العجز والحيرة التي للمحجوبين بالعقول والقوى وإدراكاتها المختصّة بالإنسان وموطن حقيقته - وهو مفترق المتقابلين ، ومثار المتناقضين الذين يوجبان الحيرة . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه : ( فليس ) ذلك الحيرة

from that absolute comprehensiveness, and that is because the incapacity and bewilderment belonging to those veiled by intellects and faculties and their perceptions specific to man and the abode of his reality—which is the point of divergence of the two opposites and the point of emergence of the two contradictories that necessitate bewilderment. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said: (So) that bewilderment is

Jāmī

﴿لم يحر﴾

يفتح الحاء المهملة. أي لم يقع في هذه الحيرة

[yaḥīr] with ḥāʾ unpointed open - that is, he will not fall into this bewilderment

Bālī Zāde

﴿لم يحر﴾

لعدم تفرق النظر فيه أو ما قلناه من أن العين الواحدة ظهرت بالصور المختلفة في المرايا المختلفة . فلا تفرق النظر يحصل من تفرق الطريق وما بينه طريق واحد حق لا تفرق فيه

due to the absence of a scattering of vision in him, or due to what we have said, namely that the single entity became manifest through the differing forms in the differing mirrors. For no scattering of vision results from a scattering of path; and between these two there is but a single true path in which there is no scattering

al-Qāshānī

﴿وإن كان في مزيد علم﴾

أي لم يتحير وإن كان في مزيد علم باعتبار المشهدين. كما قيل : إن معنى قوله رب زدني تحير " رَبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْماً " ، فإن علم العارف المحقق في المشهدين جميعا عائد إلى العين الثابتة لا إلى الحق . قال رضي الله عنه

that is, he is not bewildered even though he be in increase of knowledge by consideration of the two vantage points — just as it was said that the meaning of his saying 'My Lord, increase me' is bewilderment — "My Lord, increase me in knowledge" — for the knowledge of the realizing knower, in both vantage points together, returns to the fixed entity (al-ʿayn al-thābita), not to the Real. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Jandī

﴿وإذا كان في مزيد علم فليس إلَّا من حكم المحلّ ، والمحلّ عين العين الثابتة ، فيها يتنوّع الحق في المجلى ، فتتنوّع الأحكام عليه ، فيقبل كلّ حكم ، وما يحكم عليه إلَّا عين ما تجلَّى فيه ، ما ثمّ إلَّا هذا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

يعني رضي الله عنه : أنّ زيادة علم العارف المحقّق في المشهدين جميعا عائدة إلى العين الثابتة التي ظهر فيها الوجود الواحد الحق بحسبها ، أو ظهرت الأعيان الثابتة فيه بحسبها أيضا كذلك ، إذ لا حيثية ولا خصوصية للوجود الحق ، كما قرّرنا مرارا ، فهو حقّ كلّ حقيقة ، وبه تحقّقت الأعيان في حقائقها بأحكامها وخصائصها وآثارها . قال رضي الله عنه : فالحقّ خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبرو %~% وليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فادّكرو يعني رضي الله عنه : أنّ الوجود الواحد الحق من كونه متعيّنا في مرتبة الألوهيّة هو عين الله ، فهو بحسب الله وبحسب الصورة الأحدية الجمعيّة الإلهية ليس خلقا مخلوقا ، بل خالق المخلوقات ، موجد الموجودات ، فليس هو هي ، ولا هي هو. « ما للتراب وربّ الأرباب ؟ » فادّكر ، ولا تخلَّط بين المراتب ، ولا تخبط خبط عشواء في الحقائق والمذاهب . ثم الوجود الواحد الحق من كونه متعيّنا في المرتبة الخلقية المنفعلة والأعيان المتأثّرة الكونية ، قابلا لصور الأكوان خلق ليس حقّا كذلك. ولكنّ الوجود الحق الواحد المطلق من كونه قابلا لصور الحقيقة الإلهية ، وقابلا أيضا لصور الخلقيّة عين الحق والخلق ، فهو فيهما معا حق وخلق . فيصدق من حيث هذا الوجه وضع كلّ منهما أعني الحقّ والخلق وحمل الآخر عليه . فاعتبر هذه الاعتبارات كلَّها ، ولا تطلق القضايا إلَّا بوجوهها المعتبرة ، ولا تغفل عن الحقيقة الوجودية المطلقة الظاهرة في المراتب كلَّها ، إن شاء الله تعالى . قال رضي الله عنه : من يدر ما قلت ، لم تخذل بصيرته %~% وليس يدريه إلَّا من له بصر جمّع وفرّق ، فإنّ العين واحدة %~% وهي الكثيرة لا تبقي ولا تذر وعين الوجود الحق واحد ، ولا تحقّق إلَّا له في عينه كما عرفت ، فما ثمّ إلَّا هو ، تعيّن في مرتبة الجمع واحدا إلها ، وفي مرتبة التفرقة كثيرا خلقا ، والوحدة والكثرة ، والجمع والفرق ، والحق والخلق ، والإطلاق والتقييد ، والتعيّن واللاتعيّن ، والظهور والبطون نسب نفسيّة له ، ولا تحقّق لها بدونه ، فما ثمّ موجود إلَّا هو. قال رضي الله عنه

- he (may God be pleased with him) means: that the increase in the knowledge of the realized knower (al-ʿārif al-muḥaqqiq) in both vantage points together returns to the fixed entity in which the one true Existence manifested according to it, or in which the fixed entities manifested according to it as well - likewise - since there is no particular aspect (ḥaythiyya) or specification (khuṣūṣiyya) for the true Existence, as we have established repeatedly. For It is the reality (ḥaqq) of every reality, and through It the entities became realized in their realities, with their rulings, properties, and effects. He (may God be pleased with him) said: 'The Real is creation from this aspect, so take heed, / and It is not creation from that aspect, so remember.' He (may God be pleased with him) means: that the one true Existence, insofar as it is determined (mutaʿayyin) in the level of divinity (al-ulūhiyya), is the very identity of God (ʿayn Allāh). So according to God and according to the unitary all-comprehensive divine form, It is not a created creation, but rather the Creator of creatures, the Bringer-into-being of existents. So It is not it (i.e., creation), nor is creation It. 'What has dust to do with the Lord of lords?' So remember, and do not confuse the levels, nor blunder blindly among the realities and doctrines. Then the one true Existence, insofar as it is determined in the created, receptive level and the affected cosmic entities, receptive to the forms of the cosmos, is creation and not the Real in that respect. But the one absolute true Existence, insofar as it is receptive to the forms of the divine reality and also receptive to the forms of creation, is the very identity of the Real and of creation. So in both together It is Real and creation. Thus it is true, from this aspect, to posit each of the two - I mean the Real and creation - and to predicate the other of it. So consider all these considerations, and do not pronounce judgments except according to their proper considered aspects, and do not be heedless of the absolute existential reality manifest in all the levels, if God Most High wills. He (may God be pleased with him) said: 'Whoever understands what I have said, his insight will not be forsaken, / and none understands it except one who has an eye that gathers and separates. For the identity (al-ʿayn) is one, / yet it is the many that neither remains nor departs.' And the identity of the true Existence is one, and there is no realization except for It in Its own identity, as you have come to know; so there is nothing there but It. It became determined, in the level of gathering (al-jamʿ), as one - as God; and in the level of differentiation (al-tafriqa), as many - as creation. And oneness and multiplicity, gathering and separation, the Real and creation, absoluteness and restriction, determination and non-determination, manifestation and non-manifestation, are relations pertaining to Its very selfhood (nisab nafsiyya), having no realization apart from It. So there is no existent there but It. He (may God be pleased with him) said:

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وإن كان في مزيد علم، فليس إلا من حكم المحل، والمحل هو عين العين الثابتة﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

(إن) هاهنا يجوز أن يكون للمبالغة فلا يقتضى الجواب، ويجوز أن يكون شرطية. وعلى الأول معناه: ومن عرف ما قلنا لم يحر، إن كان هذا العارف في مزيد العلم بالوجوه الإلهية، كما قال، صلى الله عليه وسلم: "رب زدني علما". فليس عدم الحيرة هنا إلا من حكم المحل، وهو العين الثابتة التي لهذا العارف، كما أن الحيرة مقتضى عين الحائر. وعلى الثاني فمعناه: وإن كان التحير حاصلا في مزيد علم، فليس ذلك التحير إلا من حكم المحل وهو عين الحائر. قال رضي الله عنه

(in, "if") here may be for emphasis, in which case it does not require an apodosis, or it may be conditional. On the first reading, its meaning is: whoever knows what we have said is not bewildered, if this knower is in increasing knowledge of the divine aspects, as he, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "My Lord, increase me in knowledge." So the absence of bewilderment here is only due to the ruling property of the locus, which is the fixed entity belonging to this knower, just as bewilderment is required by the entity of the bewildered one. On the second reading, its meaning is: and if bewilderment occurs in increasing knowledge, that bewilderment is only due to the ruling property of the locus, which is the entity of the bewildered one. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿وإن كان﴾

منها العارف (في مزید علم) وزيادة العلم توجب الحيرة كما يشعر به قوله عليه السلام: "رب زدني تحيرا" فإنه عليه السلام أراد الزيادة في الحيرة المسببة عن العلم ."وكان الشبلي يقول: يا دليل المتحيرين زدني تحيراً". فقوله، وإن كان في مزید علم شرطية وصلية (فليس) ، أي المزيد في العلم من عدم الحيرة. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

- that is, [if] from among them the gnostic [is] (in increase of knowledge) - and the increase of knowledge necessitates bewilderment, as indicated by his saying, peace be upon him: 'My Lord, increase me in bewilderment,' for he, peace be upon him, sought increase in the bewilderment occasioned by knowledge. And al-Shiblī used to say: 'O guide of the bewildered, increase me in bewilderment.' So his statement 'and if he is in increase of knowledge' is a concessive conditional (sharṭiyya waṣliyya); (it is not) - that is, the increase in knowledge [is not a cause] of the absence of bewilderment. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Bālī Zāde

﴿وإن كان في مزید علم﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي وإن كان العارف ما قلناه يعلم الحق من وجوه كثيرة فإن ما ذكره من التعريف الإلهي يرفع حيرة المعارف في عرفان كل وجه إذ لا ينفك العلم منه إذا علم . ولو كان في مزید علم فلم يحر لخلوصه عن تفرق النظر بسبب هذا العلم فإذا كان الحق حقيقة واحدة يظهر بصور مختلفة . (فلیس) ذلك الظهور المختلفة العين الواحدة

that is, even if the knower (ʿārif) knows what we have said from many aspects, still what has been mentioned by way of the divine definition removes the knower's perplexity in the recognition of every aspect, since the knowledge is inseparable from it once known. And even if there be an increase of knowledge, he is not perplexed, due to his freedom from the scattering of vision by reason of this knowledge. So since the Real is a single reality that becomes manifest through differing forms — (that) differing manifestation is not the single entity

al-Qāshānī

﴿فليس إلا من حكم المحل والمحل عين العين الثابتة فيها ، يتنوع الحق في المجلى فتتنوع الأحكام عليه فيقبل كل حكم ، وما يحكم عليه إلا عين ما تجلى فيه وما ثم إلا هذا﴾

فالتحير إنما يكون في البداية إذا كان النظر العقلي باقيا والحجاب الفكرى مبتدأ . فإذا تم الكشف وصفا العلم الشهودى والعرفان الذوقي ارتفع التحير مع زيادة العلم بشهود الوجود الواجد الحق المتجلى في صور الأعيان التي هي مقتضى الاسم العليم والتجلي الذاتي والفيض الأقدس ، أو شهود الأعيان الثابتة في الوجود الواحد الحق الذي لا خصوصية ولا حيثية له . فإنه حق كل حقيقة وبه تحققت الأعيان في حقائقها بعد التعين الأول الذي ظهر به العين الواحدة المتكثرة بالتعينات المتنوعة ، فيتنوع الحق في الأعيان المختلفة الخصائص والأحكام ، فيقبل حكم كل ما يتجلى فيه من الأعيان ، فيكون كل عين عين حاكمة عليه بما فيه ولا يقبل الحكم إلا من ذاته ، فإن الذات هي الحاكمة أولا على كل عين بما فيه بعالميتها ، وما ثم أي في الوجود إلا هو وحده

bewilderment occurs only at the beginning, when rational reflection still persists and the veil of thought has just begun. But when unveiling is complete, and witnessing-knowledge and tasted gnosis become pure, bewilderment is lifted, along with increase of knowledge through witnessing the Existence of the One Finder, the Real, self-disclosed in the forms of the entities — which is the requirement of the Name the All-Knowing, the essential self-disclosure (al-tajallī al-dhātī), and the Most Holy Effusion (al-fayḍ al-aqdas) — or through witnessing the fixed entities within the one Real Existence, which has no particularity and no aspect of its own. For it is the reality of every reality, and through it the entities became realized in their realities after the First Entification by which the one entity, multiplied through diverse entifications, manifested. So the Real diversifies in entities differing in properties and rulings, and receives the ruling of whatever entity discloses itself within it; thus every entity becomes a ruling entity over it by virtue of what is in it, and it receives ruling only from its own Essence, for the Essence is what first rules over every entity by what is in it, through its being all-encompassing-in-knowledge (ʿālamiyya); and there is nothing there — that is, in existence — but He alone

Ibn Turka

﴿إلَّا من حكم المحل ، والمحلّ عين العين الثابتة ، فيها يتنوّع الحقّ في المجلى ، فيتنوّع الأحكام عليه ، فيقبل كلّ حكم ، وما يحكم عليه إلَّا عين ما تجلَّى فيه ما ثمّ إلَّا هذا﴾

أي ليس في موطن الحيرة إلَّا هذا التقابل الذي في الأمر مطلقا ، وهذه الحيرة من جملته ، وهو أنّ الأعيان الثابتة - بما لها من العدميّة والعجز والافتقار - حاكمة على ما ظهر فيها بما ظهرت ، مع وجوده واستغنائه واقتداره ، فالعارف بهذا ما يتحيّر عند تنوّع تلك الأحكام المتقابلة ولا يرجع بظهور أحد المتقابلين عن الآخر ، رجوع المحجوب وتحيّره . وملخّص هذا الكلام أنّ العالم الذي هو العين الواحدة التي ذات تكثّر وتنوّع ، يمكن أن يشهد الكثرة هي الذاتيّة لها ، والوحدة الجمعيّة إنّما لحقت إيّاها وأحاطت بها بحسب المدارك والمشاهد التي بها يتّحد الكثير - اتّحاد الصور في مرآة واحدة - كما أشار إليه أوّلا ، على ما هو مدرك العقل ويمكن أن يشهد الوحدة هي الذاتيّة لها ، والكثرة إنّما طرأت عليها في المدارك والمشاعر المتنوّعة التي بها يتكثّر الواحد - تكثّر الصورة الواحدة في المرايا المختلفة - كما أشار إليه ثانيا على ما هو مشهد الذوق . وإلى ذينك الوجهين أشار بقوله نظم قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

that is, there is nothing in the station of bewilderment except this opposition that is in the matter absolutely, and this bewilderment is part of it, namely that the fixed entities (al-aʿyān al-thābita)—with what belongs to them of nonexistence, incapacity, and need—exercise judgment over what appeared in them by virtue of their appearance, together with His existence, self-sufficiency, and power. So the knower (ʿārif) of this is not bewildered at the diversification of those opposing rulings, nor does he revert at the appearance of one of the two opposites over against the other with the reversion and bewilderment of the veiled one. The summary of this discourse is that the world, which is the single identity that possesses multiplicity and diversity, may be witnessed such that multiplicity is essential to it, while the comprehensive unity only attaches to it and encompasses it according to the perceptions and witnessing-places by which the many become unified—the unification of forms in a single mirror—as was indicated first, according to what is the perception of the intellect; and it may be witnessed such that unity is essential to it, while multiplicity only befalls it in the diverse perceptions and senses by which the one becomes multiplied—the multiplication of a single form in diverse mirrors—as was indicated second, according to what is the witnessing-place of taste (dhawq). And to these two aspects he pointed in his verse. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Jāmī

﴿إلا من حكم المحل والمحل عین العين الثابتة، فبها﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي بالعين الثابتة التي للموجودات وتنوع استعداداتها (بتنوع الحق سبحانه) وتجلياته في المجلى العيني الخارجي الذي هو صورة العين الثابتة . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

that is, through the fixed entity which belongs to existents and the diversity of their preparednesses (istiʿdādāt) (the Real, glory be to Him, becomes diversified) and [so do] His self-disclosures (tajalliyāt) in the external ontological locus of manifestation (al-majlā al-ʿaynī al-khārijī), which is the form of the fixed entity. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Bālī Zāde

﴿إلا من حكم المحل﴾

لا من جهتها . (والمحل) وهو الموجودات وأحواله

not from its own aspect. (And the locus) is the existent things and their states

Words 24–27 · 1 of 6

عَيْنُ العَيْنِ الثَّابِتَةِ فِيهَا

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿عين العين الثابتة فيها﴾

أي فبسبب العين الواحدة

that is, by reason of the single entity

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فبها يتنوع الحق في المجلى فتتنوع الأحكام عليه، فتقبل كل حكم ولا يحكم عليه إلا عين ما تجلى فيه، وما ثمة إلا هذا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، فبسبب الأعيان الثابتة التي للموجودات، أو فيها، يتنوع الحق في مجاليه وظهوراته، كما يتنوع ظهورات الوجه في المرايا المتعددة، فيتنوع أحكام العين الثابتة على الحق بحسب ما يطلب استعداداتها منه، فيقبل الحق كل حكم يعطيه العين الثابتة التي تجلى الحق فيها، كظهور الوجه في المرآة المستديرة مستديرا وفي المستطيلة مستطيلا. وما في نفس الأمر إلا ما أشرت إليه لا غير. شعر

That is, by reason of the fixed entities belonging to the existent things, or within them, the Real becomes diversified in His loci of self-disclosure and manifestations, just as the manifestations of a face become diversified in multiple mirrors. Thus the rulings of the fixed entity upon the Real become diversified according to what their preparednesses demand from Him, so the Real accepts every ruling given by the fixed entity in which the Real discloses Himself—just as the appearance of the face in a round mirror is round, and in an elongated mirror is elongated. And there is nothing in actual fact except what I have indicated, nothing else. Poetry:

Bālī Zāde

﴿بتنوع الحق في المجلي﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وهو عين العين الثابتة . فإذا كان الحق يتنوع في المجلي

which is the very entity of the fixed entity. So since the Real diversifies in the locus of self-disclosure

Jāmī

﴿فتتنوع الأحكام عليه﴾

أي على الحق سبحانه بحسب ما تقتضيه استعداداته (فيقبل) الحق سبحانه

that is, upon the Real, glory be to Him, according to what His [the entity's] preparednesses require (so He accepts) - the Real, glory be to Him

Bālī Zāde

﴿فتنوع الأحكام عليه فيقبل … كل حكم وما يحكم عليه إلا عين ما تجلى فيه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

الحق وهو العين الثابتة (وما ثمة إلا هذا) أي وليس في وسع المخلوق في العلم بالله إلا ما قاله فلا مرتبة فوقه . فلما فرغ عن بيان الحق وأحكامه شرع في تلخيصه بالأبيات فقال

namely the Real, which is the fixed entity. (And there is nothing beyond this) that is, it is not within the capacity of the created being's knowledge of God to go beyond what he has said; there is no station above it. Having finished explaining the Real and its rulings, he began to summarize it in verses, saying

Words 36–37 · 1 of 6

كُلَّ حُكْمٍ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿كل حكم﴾

تقتضيه العين الثابتة

that the fixed entity requires

Words 38–40 · 1 of 6

وَمَا يَحْكُمُ عَلَيْهِ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿وما يحكم عليه﴾

أي على الحق سبحانه. قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

that is, upon the Real, glory be to Him. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Words 41–44 · 1 of 6

إِلَّا عَيْنُ مَا تَجَلَّى

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿إلا عين ما تجلى فيه ما ثمة … إلا هذا … فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي وجه ظهور الوجود الحق في المرايا المختلفة والمجالي المتعددة وتنوع الأحكام عليه بحسبه (فاعتبروا) ، أي كونوا عابرین من كثرتها النسبية العارضة له باعتبار ظهوره في تلك المرايا والمجالي إلى وحدته الحقيقية الذاتية. (وليس) الحق سبحانه (خلقة بهذا الوجه) . المذكور أولا وهو كونه مرآة للاعيان الخلقية فالحق ليس خلقا حينئذ بل منزه عن الصفات الخلقية محتجبا بحجاب غيره باق في عينه لا يشهد ولا يرى. وكلما يشهد ويرى فهو خلق (فاذكرو)، أي كونوا ذاكرین له غير ناسين لاحتجابه وراء الصور الخلقية

i.e., the face of the manifestation of the True Existence in the various mirrors and the multiple loci of manifestation, and the diversification of the rulings upon it according to this. (So take heed) — that is, be ones who pass from its relational, accidental multiplicity—occurring to it by virtue of its manifestation in those mirrors and loci of manifestation—to its true, essential oneness. (And) the Real, glory be to Him, (is not) creation by this face mentioned first, namely His being a mirror for the created entities; for the Real in that case is not a creature, but rather is declared incomparable (munazzah) with respect to creaturely attributes, veiled by the veil of other-than-Him, remaining in His own entity, neither witnessed nor seen. And whatever is witnessed and seen is a creature. (So remember Him) — that is, be ones who remember Him, not forgetful of His being veiled behind the created forms.

al-Qāshānī

﴿فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبروا﴾

أي باعتبار ظهوره في صور الأعيان وقبول الأحكام منه (وليس خلقا بهذا الوجه فادكروا ) أي بحسب الأحدية الذاتية وأسمائه الأول في الحضرة الإلهية الواحدية ، فإنه بذلك الوجه موجد الموجودات وخالق المخلوقات ، فلا يكون خلقا بذلك الاعتبار

that is, by consideration of its manifestation in the forms of the entities and its receiving of rulings from them (and it is not created by this aspect — so remember) that is, according to the essential Oneness (al-aḥadiyya al-dhātiyya) and its first Names in the Divine Presence of the Unitary (al-wāḥidiyya), for by that aspect it is the Bringer-into-being of existent things and the Creator of created things, and thus it is not 'created' by that consideration

al-Qayṣarī

﴿فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبرو %~% وليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذكروا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، إذا كان الحق يتنوع في مجاليه ويقبل كل ما يحكم عليه الأعيان من الأحكام الكونية، فالحق خلق من حيث إنه ظهر في المظاهر الخلقية واختفى فيها، فالمشهود، غيبا وشهادة، حق صرف لا غير معه. قال رضي الله عنه

That is, since the Real becomes diversified in His loci of self-disclosure and accepts every cosmic ruling that the entities impose upon Him, the Real is creation insofar as He manifests in the created manifestations and becomes concealed within them. So what is witnessed, in the unseen and the visible, is the Real purely, with nothing else alongside Him. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Ibn Turka

﴿فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبرو %~% وليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فادّكروا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وهذا مبدأ بدء المتقابلات ، ومنشأ جمع المتناقضات التي عجزت البصائر المحجوبة المخذولة عن إدراكه ، ووقفت أقدام أفهام ذوي العقول الفكريّة - التي لا تقع قوى شعورها إلا على مجرّد التجريد ومفترق التقديس والتنزيه ، دون بلوغها إليه - محرومة عن مجمع الإطلاق والتوحيد دون العارفين بالحقائق الذوقيّة ، الناظرين إلى العين الواحدة بالبصر الحسّيّ الشهوديّ الواقع أشعّة إدراكه على اللطائف الجمعيّة ، وإليه أشار بقوله

This is the origin of the beginning of opposites and the source of the combination of contradictories, which veiled, abandoned insights have proven incapable of grasping, and at which the feet of the understandings of those possessed of discursive intellects have halted—whose perceptive faculties fall only upon mere abstraction and the point of divergence of sanctification and incomparability, without reaching Him—deprived of the gathering-place of absoluteness and unification, unlike the knowers (ʿārifūn) of experiential realities who look upon the single identity with sensory, witnessing sight, the rays of whose perception fall upon the comprehensive subtleties. And to this he pointed in his saying

Bālī Zāde

﴿فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبروا %~% و ليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذكروا … من يدر ما قلت لم تخذل بصيرته %~% و ليس يدريه إلا من له بصر … جمع و فرق فإن العين واحدة %~% وهي الكثيرة لا تبقى ولا تذر … فالحق خلق بهذا الوجه فاعتبروا %~% و ليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذكروا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

(شعر: فالحق) الفاء نتيجة ما ذكر

(Verse: So the Real) the fā' indicates a conclusion from what was mentioned

﴿خلق بهذا الوجه﴾

و هر گونه متنوعة بأحكام الموجودات (فاعتبروا). وفيه إشارة إلى أن هذا الوجه معتبر عنده و جلیل القدر و عظيم الشأن وإلا لما أمر وأوصى بالاعتبار

and it is diversified in every way by the rulings of the existent things (so consider). And herein is an indication that this aspect is accounted significant by him, and is of great worth and immense importance — otherwise he would not have commanded and counseled consideration of it

Words 52–53 · 1 of 6

بِهَذَا الوَجْهِ

Only al-Qayṣarī comments here.

al-Qayṣarī

﴿بهذا الوجه﴾

إشارة إلى ما مر، من أن الحق هو الظاهر في مرايا الأعيان. وقوله

refers to what was mentioned before, that the Real is what is manifest in the mirrors of the entities. And his saying,

al-Qayṣarī

﴿وليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذكروا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

إشارة إلى أن الظاهر في مرآةالحق هي الأعيان الخلقية، فالحق ليس خلقا حينئذ، بل منزه من الصفات الخلقية ومختف بحجاب عزته، باق في غيبيته لا يشهد ولا يرى، وكل ما يشهد ويرى فهو خلق

refers to the fact that what is manifest in the mirror of the Real is the created entities, so the Real is then not creation; rather He is declared incomparable with regard to the attributes of creation, and concealed behind the veil of His might, remaining in His nonmanifestness, not witnessed nor seen. And everything that is witnessed and seen is creation.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وليس خلقا بذاك الوجه فاذكروا﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وهذا الوجه هو كون الحق مرآة للموجودات والحق مختفي منزه عن أحكام الخلقية

and this aspect is the Real's being a mirror for the existent things, while the Real itself remains hidden, declared incomparable with respect to the rulings of createdness

al-Qāshānī

﴿من يدر ما قلت لم تخذل بصيرته %~% وليس يدريه إلا من له بصر﴾

ظاهر فإن البصيرة التي يدرك بها باطن الحق والبصر الذي يدرك به ظاهره إذا وفقهما الله وأيد صاحبهما بنوره ، فرق بهما بين الاعتبارين ، وعلم أن الحق بأى الاعتبارين خلق وبأيهما حق

clear, for the inner insight (baṣīra) by which one perceives the nonmanifest aspect of the Real, and the outer sight (baṣar) by which one perceives His manifest aspect — when God grants both their success and supports their possessor with His light — distinguishes between the two considerations, and knows by which consideration the Real is 'created' and by which He is 'Real'

al-Qayṣarī

﴿من يدر ما قلت لم تخدل بصيرته %~% وليس يدر به إلا من له البصر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، من عرف ما أشرت إليه من الوجهين، لم يخذل بصيرته. على البناء للفاعل أو المفعول. وليس يدريه إلا من له البصر الحاد الذي لا يعجز عن مشاهدة الحق في عالم الغيب والشهادة، كما قال تعالى في حق نبيه، صلى الله عليه وسلم: (فبصرك اليوم حديد). و (البصيرة) عبارة عن عيني القلب اللتين يشهد بهما المشاهد الغيبية، شهودا معنويا أو مثاليا. قال، صلى الله عليه وسلم: "ما منعبد إلا ولقلبه عينان، هما غيب ينظر بهما الغيوب. فإذا أراد الله بعبد خيرا، فتحعيني قلبه ليرى بهما ما خفى عن بصره". وقال: "تنام عيني ولا ينام قلبي."

That is, whoever knows what I have indicated of the two aspects, his insight will not be forsaken—whether read as active or passive construction. And none understands it except one who possesses the keen sight that is not incapable of witnessing the Real in the world of the unseen and the visible, as God Most High said regarding His Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "So your sight today is sharp." And "insight" (baṣīra) is an expression for the two eyes of the heart by which one witnesses the unseen realities, a witnessing that is either noetic or imaginal. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "There is no servant but that his heart has two eyes, which are unseen, by which he looks upon the unseen things. So when God wills good for a servant, He opens the two eyes of his heart so that he may see with them what is hidden from his sight." And he said: "My eyes sleep, but my heart does not sleep."

Ibn Turka

﴿من يدر ما قلت لم يخذل بصيرته %~% وليس يدريه إلَّا من له بصر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

وذلك لأنّ العين الشاملة للكلّ هي الواحدة بالوحدة الإطلاقيّة - كما هو المشاهد المحسوس - وإنّما يفصّلها الاعتبارات العقليّة ، تفصيل الجمعيّة والتفرقة بفرضه واعتباره - لا أنّها في نفسها كذلك - والمنبّه على ذلك صيغة الأمر في قوله

and that is because the identity encompassing the whole is the One by absolute oneness—as is the sensory witnessed object—and it is only the rational considerations that differentiate it, the differentiation of comprehensiveness and dispersal being by its positing and consideration—not that it is so in itself. And what alerts to that is the imperative form in his saying

Jāmī

﴿من يدر … ما قلت … لم تخذل﴾

بناء على الفاعل أو المفعول، أي لم تزغ ولم تمل على شهود الحق الواحد سبحانه في مراتب الكثرة (بصيرته وليس بدريه) ، أي ليس ما يدري ما قالت

based on it being either the active or passive participle, meaning: his insight did not swerve and did not incline away from witnessing the One Real, glory be to Him, in the levels of multiplicity (by his insight), and it is not [a matter of] what he knows that he said.

Bālī Zāde

﴿من يدر ما قلت لم تخذل بصيرته %~% و ليس يدريه إلا من له بصر … من يدر … ما قلت﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

عن بيان الحق

concerning the exposition of the Real

Words 64–66 · 1 of 6

لَمْ تُخْذَلْ بَصِيرَتُهُ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿لم تخذل بصيرته﴾

وهي بصر القلب

namely the vision of the heart

Words 67–70 · 1 of 6

وَلَيْسَ يَدْرِيهِ إِلَّا مَنْ

Only Bālī Zāde comments here.

Bālī Zāde

﴿وليس يدريه … إلا من له بصر﴾

الذي لا يعجز في مشاهدته الحق في ظهوراته

who does not fail in witnessing the Real in His manifestations

Words 69–72 · 1 of 6

إِلَّا مَنْ لَهُ بَصَرٌ

Only Jāmī comments here.

Jāmī

﴿إلا من له بصر﴾

نافذ في بواطن الأشياء غير متجمد على ظواهرها. (جمع) أي أحكم بالجمع والوحدة في مرتبته (و فرق) ، أي أحكم بالفرق والكثرة في مرتبته . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

that penetrates into the inward realities of things, not frozen upon their outward aspects. (He unites) — that is, he establishes firmly the union and oneness in its proper level — (and differentiates) — that is, he establishes firmly the differentiation and multiplicity in its proper level. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

al-Qāshānī

﴿جمع وفرق فإن العين واحدة %~% وهي الكثيرة لا تبقى ولا تذر﴾

أي الوجود الواحد الحق في مرتبة الجمع الأسمائى إله ، وفي مرتبة الفرق مخلوق ، فليس في الوجود غيره فإنه العين الواحدة ، وهي بعينه الكثيرة بالتعينات ، وهي نسب لا تحقق لها بدونه فلا موجود إلا وحده. قال رضي الله عنه

that is, the one Real Existence, in the station of the gathering of the Names, is God; and in the station of differentiation, is a created thing. So there is nothing in existence other than It, for It is the one entity, and it is, by its very self, the many through the entifications, and these are relations (nisab) having no realization apart from It; so there is no existent save It alone. He, may God be pleased with him, said

al-Qayṣarī

﴿جمع وفرق فإن العين واحدة %~% وهي الكثير لا تبقى ولا تذر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

أي، جمع بين الخلق والحق في مرتبة المعية، كما جمع الحق بقوله: (وهو معكم أينما كنتم). بين هويته وعين العبد، وفي قوله: "كنت سمعه وبصره". - إذ الضمير راجع إلى العبد - وفرق بينهما بمشاهدة الحق وحده عند غلبة الوحدة عليك. كما فرق بقوله: (قل الله ثم ذرهم). وبشهود الخلق وحده عن غلبة الكثرة عليك، كقوله تعالى: "هو الذي خلقكم من نفس واحدة". إذ العين في الحقيقة واحدة وهي الذات الإلهية، وهي الكثيرة أيضا بحسب مظاهرها وأسمائها وصفاتها. وفاعل قوله

That is, join creation and the Real at the level of "withness" (maʿiyya), just as the Real joined, by His saying, "And He is with you wherever you are," His identity and the entity of the servant; and in His saying, "I was his hearing and his sight"—since the pronoun refers to the servant—And separate between them by witnessing the Real alone when unity overwhelms you, as He separated by His saying, "Say: God!—then leave them." And by witnessing creation alone when multiplicity overwhelms you, as in His saying Most High: "He it is who created you from a single soul." For the entity is, in reality, one—it is the Divine Essence—and it is also many according to its manifestations, names, and attributes. And the agent (fāʿil) of his saying,

Ibn Turka

﴿جمّع وفرّق ، فإنّ العين %~% واحدة وهي الكثيرة لا تبقى ولا تذر﴾

تلك العين الواحدة غيره

that single identity other than it

Bālī Zāde

﴿جمع و فرق فإن العين واحدة %~% وهي الكثيرة لا تبقى ولا تذر﴾

Quotes words that differ from our text (wavy underline).

(جمع) بين الحق والخلق وقلت الحق عين الخلق (وفرق بينهما فقلت: الحق لب بخلق

(Combination) between the Real and creation — I said the Real is the very entity of creation (and differentiation between the two) — I said the Real is distinct from creation

Jāmī

﴿فإن العين واحدة﴾

في حد ذاته (وهي) أي العين الواحدة (الكثيرة) بحسب تجلياتها بشؤونها وصفاته

in itself, (and it is) — that is, the one entity — (the many) according to its self-disclosures through its affairs (shuʾūn) and its attributes.

﴿العين واحدة﴾

و هكذا في بعض النسخ ومعناه ظاهر، وفي النسخة المقروءة على الشيخ رضي الله عنه بل في أكثر النسخ لا بل العين الطبيعة ، أي العين الواحدة المعهودة التي ظهرت بصور الموجودات كلها بعد تعينها بتعين كل هي عين الطبيعة فما تجمعها الطبيعة تجمعها العين الواحدة. فالجامع العين الواحدة

- thus it is in some copies, and its meaning is clear. And in the copy read before the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him - indeed in most copies - [it reads]: 'no, rather the entity is Nature,' meaning: the one known entity which has appeared in the forms of all existents, after being determined by every determination, is identical with Nature. So whatever unifies them through Nature, the one entity unifies them. So the unifying factor is the one entity

Bālī Zāde

﴿فإن العين واحدة وهي الكثيرة﴾

فيقبل الجمع والفرق

so it admits both combination and differentiation

al-Qayṣarī

﴿لا تبقى ولا تذر﴾

هو العين الواحدة. أي، إذا تجلت هذه العين الواحدة، لا تبقى ولا تذر من الكثرة شيئا، بل تفنيها وتجعلها هباء منثورا. قال رضي الله عنه

is the one entity. That is, when this one entity discloses itself, it leaves nothing of multiplicity remaining nor departed; rather it annihilates it and renders it as scattered dust. He, may God be pleased with him, said:

Jāmī

﴿"لا تبقي ولا تذر"﴾

[المدثر : 28] عند ظهورها بالوحدة شيئا من صور الكثرة إلا وهي بذاتها تتجلى فيه. اعلم أن للحق سبحانه علوة ذاتي في مرتبة البطون والجمع حيث كان الله ولم يكن معه شيء. فإنه لا شيء هناك حتى يكون علوه بالنسبة إليه وعلوا ذاتيا في مرتبة الظهور والفرق باعتبار اتحاد الظاهر والمظهر فإنه لا شيء سواه هناك أيضا . ولا شك أن له بهذا الاعتبار كما لا يستغرق به جميع الصفات الوجودية والنسب العدمية التي تكون للمظاهر كلها . وكان الشيخ رضي الله عنه بعدما صرح بقبوله، أي قبول الوجود الحق كل حكم حكمت به المظاهر والمحال إلى هذا العلو . قال الشيخ الأكبر رضي الله عنه

['It spares not, nor does it leave anything'] [Q. 74:28] when it manifests, by virtue of oneness, nothing of the forms of multiplicity but that it, by its very essence, discloses itself within it. Know that the Real, glory be to Him, has an essential loftiness (ʿuluww) in the level of nonmanifestation and unification (jamʿ), where 'God was, and nothing was with Him' — for there is nothing there such that His loftiness would be relative to it — and [He has] an essential loftiness in the level of manifestation and differentiation, by virtue of the unity of the manifest (ẓāhir) and the locus of manifestation (maẕhar), for there too there is nothing other than He. And there is no doubt that He, by virtue of this consideration—just as He is not exhausted thereby—[encompasses] all the existential attributes and privative relations (nisab ʿadamiyya) that belong to all the loci of manifestation. And the Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, after having made explicit His acceptance—that is, the acceptance of the True Existence—of every ruling that the loci of manifestation and the recipients ruled by, [proceeded] to this loftiness. The Greatest Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said:

Bālī Zāde

﴿لا تبقى﴾

أنت في الجمع بعد الجمع بل فرقه

you, in combination, after combination — rather its differentiation does

Words 82–83 · 2 of 6

وَلَا تَذَرُ

Ibn Turka

﴿ولا تذر﴾

اشتمال الاسم الجلالة وإحاطته بجميع الأمور والنسب وإذ قد تقرّر أنّ العين لها الشمول والإحاطة . قال الشيخ رضي الله عنه

the encompassment and inclusion of the Name "the Majestic" (al-jalāla) over all matters and relations. And since it has been established that the identity possesses comprehensiveness and encompassment. The Shaykh, may God be pleased with him, said

Bālī Zāde

﴿ولا تذر﴾

أي لا تترك الجمع في التفريق بل أجمع في عين التفريق وفرق في عين الجمع. فإن من فرق فلم يجمع في عين تفريقه وجمع ولم يفرق في عين جمعه فقد تفرق نظره . فما ثمة إلا حيرة وهذا هو خلاصة ما ذكره تفصيلا . ثم رجع إلى ما كان بصدده فقال

that is, the combination is not abandoned in the differentiation; rather, combine in the very state of differentiation, and differentiate in the very state of combination. For whoever differentiates without combining in the very state of his differentiation, and combines without differentiating in the very state of his combination, has had his vision scattered. So there is nothing there but perplexity — and this is the summary of what he detailed at length. Then he returned to what he had been addressing, saying

Sources: where each commentator's text comes from
ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Qāshānī (d. 730/1330), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0730CabdRazzaqKashani.SharhFususHikam.IAC00084-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qashani.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-Jandī (d. c. 691/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0691MuayyadDinJanadi.SharhCalaFususHikam.IAC00080-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/jandi.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Dāwūd al-Qayṣarī (d. 751/1350), Maṭlaʿ khuṣūṣ al-kilam fī maʿānī Fuṣūṣ al-ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0751DawudQaysari.MatlacKhususKalam.IAC00085-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

Print edition behind it: Not recorded by OpenITI: the barzakh file has no .yml metadata record, and the ibnalarabi.com page it was taken from names no printed edition.

Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/qaysari.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

ʿAfīf al-Dīn al-Tilimsānī (d. 690/1291), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣāʾin al-Dīn Ibn Turka (d. 835/1432), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

Digital text: OpenITI barzakh, 0835SainDinTaraka.SharhFususHikam.IAC00087-ara1 (commit 6b19bdc)

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/taraka.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Nūr al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Jāmī (d. 898/1492), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Muṣṭafā b. Sulaymān Bālī Zāde (d. 1073/1663), Sharḥ Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam

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Taken from: ibnalarabi.com/fusus/bali.php. The OpenITI file's own header (#META# source) names this page: the text was copied from the Ibn ʿArabī website directed by Dr Mohamed Ali Haj Yousef. Every IAC-coded file used here names a page of that site in its header; barzakh is OpenITI's repository for texts awaiting integration into the corpus.

Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

Ṣadr al-Dīn al-Qūnawī (d. 673/1274), al-Fukūk fī asrār mustanadāt ḥikam al-Fuṣūṣ

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Licence: OpenITI distributes its texts under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; ibnalarabi.com states © 1999–2024. The commentary itself is a classical work in the public domain; the edition behind the digital text is unidentified.

The ibnalarabi.com texts sometimes print other hands inside a commentary: Bālī Zāde's glosses inside al-Qāshānī («إضافة بالي زادة»), and notes by the modern editor (al-muḥaqqiq) or compiler (al-jāmiʿ). We cut these out of the commentator's own text and show them as separate entries, each labelled with its author and the line of the file it came from.

Arabic of the commentaries from the OpenITI digital texts (each comment links to its line); Bosnevî's Ottoman Turkish from our collation of two OCRs of the 1873 Istanbul print (each comment links to its page scan at HathiTrust); passages matched to the commentators' quotations automatically.English translations of the commentaries and of the passage are AI (Claude) and marked. Differences are computed by comparing the words each commentator quotes with our working text; they may reflect a different manuscript reading, a paraphrase, or an alignment error. About this text.