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Mashrabaمشربة

حشي (root hshy)

حشي
English: AI translation
  • al-Khalīl · 170Al-ḥashw (الحشو): what you stuff a mattress or the like with.

    al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad (d. c. 170/786), Kitāb al-ʿAyn. The first Arabic dictionary, arranged by permutations of the root letters.

    Al-ḥashw (الحشو): what you stuff a mattress or the like with. Al-ḥashiyya (والحشية): the stuffed mattress. Iḥtashaytu (واحتشيت) means "I became full." You say: "a sound was inserted into a sound" (inḥashā ṣawtun fī ṣawt), and "a letter was inserted into a letter" (inḥashā ḥarfun fī ḥarf). Al-iḥtishāʾ (والاحتشاء): the iḥtishāʾ of the man who has the ibrada (الإبردة). The woman with irregular bleeding (al-mustaḥāḍa) packs herself [with cotton] (taḥtashī). Al-ḥashw also means small camels, and their ḥashw is also their ḥāshiya. He said: "The small camels bunch together tightly, when he ransoms with her..." Ḥāshiyatā al-thawb (وحاشيتا الثوب): the two long sides of a garment, at whose ends is the fringe. Ḥāshiyat al-sarāb (وحاشية السراب): every side of the mirage; they are the ḥawāshī. Al-ḥashw of speech: the surplus that is not relied upon. Al-ḥashw of people: one who is not counted. Al-ḥashā (والحشا): what is below the diaphragm (al-ḥijāb) of everything in the belly, such as the spleen, the paunch and the liver; whatever follows that is all ḥashā. Al-ḥashā is also the outside of the belly, which is the waist. "I hit him with an arrow" (ḥashawtuhu [sahman]) when you strike his ḥashā. Ḥashaʾtuhu (وحشأته) with the stick, ḥashʾan, with a hamza, when you strike his belly with it; they distinguished between the two by the hamza. Ḥashaʾtu the fire (حشأت النار): I covered it. The saying of the Arabs: ḥashyāʾ rābiya (حشياء رابية): swollen from breathlessness (bahr) or the like. Ḥashyāʾ: large in the innards (aḥshāʾ).

    AI translation of the Arabic below

    الحشو: ما حشوت به فراشا وغيره. والحشية: الفراش المحشو. واحتشيت: بمعنى امتلأت. وتقول: انحشى صوت في صوت، وانحشى حرف في حرف. والاحتشاء: احتشاء الرجل ذي الإبردة. والمستحاضة تحتشي [بالكرسف] «1» والحشو: صغار الإبل، وحشوها: حاشيتها أيضا. قال:» يعصوصب الحشو، إذا افتدى بها وحاشيتا الثوب: جانباه الطويلان في طرفيهما الهدب. وحاشية السراب: كل ناحية منه، وهن الحواشي. والحشو من الكلام: الفضل الذي لا يعتمد عليه. والحشو من الناس: من لا يعتد به. والحشا: ما دون الحجاب مما في البطن كله من الطحال والكرش والكبد، وما تبع ذلك حشا كله. والحشا: ظاهر البطن وهو الخصر. وحشوته [سهما] إذا أصبت حشاه. وحشأته بالعصا حشأ- مهموزا-: إذا ضربت بها بطنه، وفرقوا بينهما بالهمز. وحشأت النار: غشيتها. وقول العرب: حشياء رابية: منتفخة من بهر ونحوه. وحشياء: ضخمة الأحشاء.

How each letter is made, in brief, from Sībawayh's and Ibn Jinnī's own sentences (linked); their words are under Reference.

Sharing two of its three letters (computed; kinship of form, not of meaning)

16 more
How it is madeSībawayh and Ibn Jinnī · phonetics

English throughout: AI translation of the Arabic

ح

ومن أوسط الحلق مخرج العين والحاء

From the middle of the throat is the place of the ʿayn and the ḥāʾ. Sībawayh, lines 26548–26549 ↗

ومن وسط الحلق مخرج العين والحاء

From the middle of the throat is the place of the ʿayn and the ḥāʾ. Ibn Jinnī, line 970 ↗

ش

ومن وسط اللسان بينه وبين وسط الحنك الأعلى مخرج الجيم والشين والياء

From the middle of the tongue, between it and the middle of the upper palate, is the place of the jīm, the shīn and the yāʾ. Sībawayh, line 26553 ↗

ومن وسط اللسان بينه وبين وسط الحنك الأعلى، مخرج الجيم والشين والياء

From the middle of the tongue, between it and the middle of the upper palate, is the place of the jīm, the shīn and the yāʾ. Ibn Jinnī, line 974 ↗

ي

ومن وسط اللسان بينه وبين وسط الحنك الأعلى مخرج الجيم والشين والياء

From the middle of the tongue, between it and the middle of the upper palate, is the place of the jīm, the shīn and the yāʾ. Sībawayh, line 26553 ↗

ومن وسط اللسان بينه وبين وسط الحنك الأعلى، مخرج الجيم والشين والياء

From the middle of the tongue, between it and the middle of the upper palate, is the place of the jīm, the shīn and the yāʾ. Ibn Jinnī, line 974 ↗

Sībawayh, al-Kitāb (ed. Hārūn) and Ibn Jinnī, Sirr ṣināʿat al-iʿrāb; OpenITI digital texts (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Full credits on each letter's page.

In the Breath of the All-MercifulIbn ʿArabī · metaphysics

English throughout: AI translation of the Arabic

ح

Level of existence: الجوهر الهبابي · the dust-like substance (spelled الهبابي in the text)

Divine Name: الآخر · al-Ākhir, the Last

Lunar mansion: الدبران · al-Dabarān

Futūḥāt ch. 198, line 62076

Spheres of its simples (ch. 2): 10 line 2573 ↗

ش

Level of existence: فلك الكواكب الثابتة والجنات · the sphere of the fixed stars and the Gardens

Divine Name: المقدر · al-Muqaddir, the Determiner

Lunar mansion: الجبهة · al-Jabha

Futūḥāt ch. 198, line 62087

Spheres of its simples (ch. 2): 9 line 2572 ↗

السين والشين فطبعهما الحرارة واليبوسة

Sīn and shīn: their nature is heat and dryness.

Ibn ʿArabī, al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya, line 2581

ي

Level of existence: السماء الأولى · The First Heaven

Divine Name: الرب · The Lord (al-Rabb)

Lunar mansion: الخرتان · al-Kharatān

Futūḥāt ch. 198, line 64500

Spheres of its simples (ch. 2): 10 line 2573 ↗

المرتبة العشرية فحروفها حارة يابسة

The tenfold rank: its letters are hot and dry.

Ibn ʿArabī, al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya, line 2582
Meaning by vowelal-Dabbāgh · a visionary claim about a primordial “Syriac”, not historical Syriac

English throughout: AI translation of the Arabic

ح

فهي تدل على الإحاطة والشمول للجميع.

It denotes encompassing and inclusion of everything.

فهي العدد الكثير الخارج عن بني آدم كالنجوم.

It is a great number external to the children of Adam, such as the stars.

فهي العدد الداخل في الذات أو للذات عليه ولاية كملكية العبيد والدنانير والدراهم وغير ذلك.

It is a number contained within the self, or over which the self has authority, such as ownership of slaves, dinars, dirhams and the like.

al-Dabbāgh (d. 1132/1719), al-Ibrīz, ch. 2 §15, compiled by al-Lamaṭī

ش

فهي إشارة إلى الرحمة التي لا يعقبها عذاب، وتكون إشارة إلى من خرجت منه النقمة ودخلت عليه الرحمة وتظهر.

It is an indication of mercy that is not followed by punishment. It also indicates one from whom vengeance has departed and upon whom mercy has entered and becomes manifest.

فهي إشارة إلى عال في نفسه مع التعظيم.

It is an indication of something lofty in itself, with veneration.

فهي إشارة إلى الشيء الذي من طبعه الستر، وقد تكون الإشارة إلى ما هو مستور في القلب وما أشبه ذلك.

It is an indication of the thing whose nature is concealment; the indication may be to what is concealed in the heart and the like.

al-Dabbāgh (d. 1132/1719), al-Ibrīz, ch. 2 §15, compiled by al-Lamaṭī

ي

فهي للنداء، وقد يؤكد بها.

It is for the vocative (calling), and it may be used for emphasis.

فهي إشارة إلى الشيء الذي لا يثبت كالبرق ونحوه.

It is an indication of the thing that does not remain fixed, like lightning and the like.

فهي إشارة إلى الشيء الذي يستحيا به أو يستحيا منه كالعورة.

It is an indication of the thing that causes shame, or of which one is ashamed, like the private parts.

al-Dabbāgh (d. 1132/1719), al-Ibrīz, ch. 2 §15, compiled by al-Lamaṭī
Two-letter nucleus6 roots in Ibn Fāris’s chapterح ش

Ibn Fāris groups his roots under two-letter chapters (“the X and the Y and what makes them three”). These are the roots of this root's chapter with the core sense he gives each. Setting them side by side is our juxtaposition; he does not himself draw a shared meaning. His chapter heading, line 7042 ↗

  • حشفالحاء والشين والفاء أصل واحد يدل على رخاوة وضعف وخلوقة فأول ذلك الحشف وهو أردأ التمر ويقولون في أمثالهم أحشفا وسوء كيلة للرجل يجمع أمرين رديبنL7043
  • حشكالحاء والشين والكاف أصل واحد وهو تجمع الشيءL7052
  • حشمالحاء والشين والميم أصل مشترك وهو الغضب أو قريب منهL7058
  • حشوىالحاء والشين وما بعدها معتل أصل واحد وربما همز فيكون المعنيان متقاربين أيضا وهو أن يودع الشيء وعاء باستقصاءL7071
  • حشبالحاء والشين والباء قريب المعنى مما قبله فيقال الحوشب العظيم البطنL7088
  • حشرالحاء والشين والراء قريب المعنى من الذي قبله وفيه زيادة معنى وهو السوق والبعث والانبعاث وأهل اللغة يقولون الحشر الجمع مع سوق وكل جمع حشر والعرب تقول حQ 43 · L7096
In the sister scriptsHebrew ח ש יSyriac ܚ ܣ ܝ
Arabicح ش ي
Hebrewח ש י
Syriacܚ ܣ ܝ
Ancient South Arabian (musnad)𐩢 𐩦/𐩪 𐩺
Phoenician𐤇 𐤔 𐤉

Letter for letter, by the regular sound correspondences of the Semitic languages (Arabic keeps several sounds the others merged). This shows how the root would be spelled; whether a related word exists is a separate question, answered in the Semitic lens. Where an Arabic sibilant (s, sh) continues two older sounds, both spellings are shown.

Neighbouring rootsThe roots that share letters with this one, as a map you can open out