Atlas
About this atlas
The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.
إسماعيل القصري
Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī
Dizful
Sufi master who initiated Kubrā (Dizful)
Sources for this person
The chain up to the Prophet
Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.
Route 1 of 3, the best-sourced: Kubrawiyya. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in Kubrawiyya
read the Qurʾān to · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · Two independent sources
Ibn al-Jazarī: the Companion read the Qurʾān to the Messenger of God (the isnād ends here in each chain).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3922Checked against
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L148 · agreesListed among the first ṭabaqa, those who read to the Messenger of God.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L156-L159 · agreesRijāl of ʿĀṣim: al-Sulamī took from ʿAlī, among others, from the Prophet.
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661one sourcethis step is recorded in Qādiriyya, not in Kubrawiyyasources differ
gave the khirqa · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī · One source
TDV Hasan-ı Basrî: it is 'believed' (inanılır) that he received the khirqa from ʿAlī or from Kumayl b. Ziyād; TDV gives no sources or counter-arguments there.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hasan-ı Basrî'TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13731-13745 (App. A) · differsEarliest silsilas run Hasan via Anas to the Prophet; ʿAlī is not mentioned in silsilas until the 5th/11th century.
- TDV, 'Hasan-ı Basrî', hasan-i-basri · agreesRecords belief that al-Ḥasan received the khirqa from ʿAlī or Kumayl b. Ziyād (belief, not report).
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Chain 'ʿAlī, Ḥasan al-Baṣrī, Ḥabīb al-ʿAjamī, Dāwūd al-Ṭāʾī, Maʿrūf' (silsile-i müzehheb) as transmitted by the order.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Habîb el-Acemî'
- TDV Hasan-ı Basrî records the belief (inanılır) that al-Ḥasan received the khirqa from ʿAlī or from Kumayl b. Ziyād.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hasan-ı Basrî'
- Trimingham (App. A): the oldest silsilas (Ibn al-Nadīm; al-Qushayrī) do not name ʿAlī; he enters Sufi chains only in the 5th/11th century.See checks
al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrīالحسن البصري728two sourcesthis step is recorded in Chishtiyya (Chishti order), not in Kubrawiyya
gave the khirqa · al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī to ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd · Two independent sources
Next link in TDV's first chain.
Nizami, K. A., 'Çiştiyye', TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 8 (1993), pp. 343-346Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'ČEŠTĪYA' (Gerhard Böwering), Vol. V, Fasc. 3, pp. 333-336, section History · agreesSame Chishti chain lists ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd before Ḥasan Baṣrī; Böwering (Iranica) calls this stretch 'historically flawed'.
ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zaydعبد الواحد بن زيدthe community's own accountin Kubrawiyyaomits: unnamed intermediaries (stated in the basis note: "intermediates omitted"; chain via al-Zabīdī as cited by TDV).
initiation · ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd to Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī · The community's own account
Qaṣrī chain passes through ʿAbd al-Wāḥid; intermediates omitted.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i KübrâChecked against
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, grep Qaṣrī chain: not given · silentTrimingham gives Qaṣrī only as Kubrā's master; the ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd chain is not in it.
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'KOBRAWIYA' (Hamid Algar), section i. The Eponym (no print volume shown; online ed. 2021) · silentNo chain behind Qaṣrī given; some sources give primacy to Qaṣrī affiliation (Zabidi).
Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrīإسماعيل القصري
Other routes (2)
Route 2 of 3: Kubrawiyya
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in Kubrawiyya
read the Qurʾān to · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · Two independent sources
Ibn al-Jazarī: the Companion read the Qurʾān to the Messenger of God (the isnād ends here in each chain).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3922Checked against
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L148 · agreesListed among the first ṭabaqa, those who read to the Messenger of God.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L156-L159 · agreesRijāl of ʿĀṣim: al-Sulamī took from ʿAlī, among others, from the Prophet.
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661the community's own accountin Kubrawiyya
initiation · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to Kumayl b. Ziyād · The community's own account
Second chain, via Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī, goes to ʿAlī through Kumayl b. Ziyād.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i KübrâChecked against
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, grep Kumayl: no entry · silentTrimingham does not carry the Kumayl chain; no independent source found for this step.
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'KOBRAWIYA' (Hamid Algar), section i. The Eponym (no print volume shown; online ed. 2021) · silentGives Kubrā's initiation by Ismāʿīl Qaṣrī but no chain behind Qaṣrī.
Kumayl b. Ziyādكميل بن زيادthe community's own accountin Kubrawiyyaomits: unnamed intermediaries; the basis note already records that the chronology does not allow adjacency (TDV, Necmeddîn-i Kübrâ).
initiation · Kumayl b. Ziyād to ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd · The community's own account
Same chain names ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd with Kumayl; their order and adjacency are not stated by TDV (chronology makes a direct link doubtful).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i KübrâChecked against
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, grep ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd: no entry · silentNot in Trimingham. The source itself does not state the order or adjacency.
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'KOBRAWIYA' (Hamid Algar), section i. The Eponym (no print volume shown; online ed. 2021) · silentNo chain behind Qaṣrī given.
ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zaydعبد الواحد بن زيدthe community's own accountin Kubrawiyyaomits: unnamed intermediaries (stated in the basis note: "intermediates omitted"; chain via al-Zabīdī as cited by TDV).
initiation · ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd to Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī · The community's own account
Qaṣrī chain passes through ʿAbd al-Wāḥid; intermediates omitted.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i KübrâChecked against
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, grep Qaṣrī chain: not given · silentTrimingham gives Qaṣrī only as Kubrā's master; the ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd chain is not in it.
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'KOBRAWIYA' (Hamid Algar), section i. The Eponym (no print volume shown; online ed. 2021) · silentNo chain behind Qaṣrī given; some sources give primacy to Qaṣrī affiliation (Zabidi).
Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrīإسماعيل القصري
Route 3 of 3: Kubrawiyya
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in Kubrawiyya
read the Qurʾān to · The Prophet Muhammad to Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī · Two independent sources
Ibn al-Jazarī: the Companion read the Qurʾān to the Messenger of God (the isnād ends here in each chain).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3372-3377Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L12334 · agrees (not independent)Entry: he presented his reading to the Prophet.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L302 · agreesListed among the first ṭabaqa, those who read to the Messenger of God.
Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarīأبو موسى الأشعري662two sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in Kubrawiyya
read the Qurʾān to · Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī to Ḥiṭṭān b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Raqāshī · Two independent sources
Ḥiṭṭān read to Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3366-3368Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7043 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L420 · agreesEntry: read to Abū Mūsā.
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L12334 · agrees (not independent)Abū Mūsā entry: Ḥiṭṭān read to him.
Ḥiṭṭān b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Raqāshīحطان بن عبد الله الرقاشيtwo sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in Kubrawiyya
read the Qurʾān to · Ḥiṭṭān b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Raqāshī to al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī · Two independent sources
al-Ḥasan read to Ḥiṭṭān b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Raqāshī and to Abū l-ʿĀliya.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3366-3368Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7043 · silent (not independent)Entry does not state this link.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L420 · agreesEntry: al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī read to him.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L666 · agreesḤasan entry: read to Ḥiṭṭān, from Abū Mūsā.
al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrīالحسن البصري728two sourcesthis step is recorded in Chishtiyya (Chishti order), not in Kubrawiyya
gave the khirqa · al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī to ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd · Two independent sources
Next link in TDV's first chain.
Nizami, K. A., 'Çiştiyye', TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, vol. 8 (1993), pp. 343-346Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'ČEŠTĪYA' (Gerhard Böwering), Vol. V, Fasc. 3, pp. 333-336, section History · agreesSame Chishti chain lists ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd before Ḥasan Baṣrī; Böwering (Iranica) calls this stretch 'historically flawed'.
ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zaydعبد الواحد بن زيدthe community's own accountin Kubrawiyyaomits: unnamed intermediaries (stated in the basis note: "intermediates omitted"; chain via al-Zabīdī as cited by TDV).
initiation · ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd to Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī · The community's own account
Qaṣrī chain passes through ʿAbd al-Wāḥid; intermediates omitted.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i KübrâChecked against
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, grep Qaṣrī chain: not given · silentTrimingham gives Qaṣrī only as Kubrā's master; the ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd chain is not in it.
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'KOBRAWIYA' (Hamid Algar), section i. The Eponym (no print volume shown; online ed. 2021) · silentNo chain behind Qaṣrī given; some sources give primacy to Qaṣrī affiliation (Zabidi).
Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrīإسماعيل القصري
How to read the marks
- Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
- One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
- The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
- A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
- The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
- A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).
Who received from Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī
1 recorded, each with the chain set it belongs to.
- Najm al-Dīn Kubrāنجم الدين كبرى1221
two sourcesin Kubrawiyyasources differ
gave the khirqa · Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī to Najm al-Dīn Kubrā · Two independent sources
TDV: at Dizful Kubrā joined Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī, who then sent him to Ammār Yāsir for training.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i KübrâChecked against
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3430-3433 · agreesMain training under Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī, on this account (d. 589/1193), who gave him the khirqa of tabarruk.
- Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), owner text, trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L2086-2088 · agreesQaṣrī named with ʿAmmār as master of Kubrā.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- TDV: the accounts of Iqbāl Sīstānī (relaying Simnānī) and Kamāl al-Dīn Khwārazmī of Kubrā's early training differ; TDV says it cannot be decided which is right, Fritz Meier judged Sīstānī's the more plausible, and both name Rūzbihān, Ammār and Qaṣrī.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i Kübrâ
- Some sources (al-Zabīdī, Itḥāf al-aṣfiyāʾ, as cited by TDV) trace Kubrā's silsila through Qaṣrī, ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Zayd and Kumayl b. Ziyād to ʿAlī.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Necmeddîn-i Kübrâ
- Trimingham (1971, p. 55) calls the khirqa from al-Qaṣrī a khirqa of tabarruk (of blessing).Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971)
How to cite
Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “Ismāʿīl al-Qaṣrī”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/ismail-qasri (data of 31 October 2026).