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Mashrabaمشربة

Atlas

Chains of transmission from the Prophet, read as the sources give them.
About this atlas

The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.

محمد بابا السماسي

Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsī

Died 734/1333-34 (approximate) (sources differ)

Adopted Naqshband as an infant

Sources for this person

Suggest a correction

The chain up to the Prophet

Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.

Route 1 of 3, the best-sourced: Naqshbandiyya. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.

Sources differ on 9 links of this route.

  1. The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
  3. ʿĀrif al-Rīwgarīعارف الريوغري
  4. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyyasources differ

    initiation · ʿĀrif al-Rīwgarī to Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī · Two independent sources

    Next in the Khwājagān sequence (d. 685/1286) (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3924 · agreesAnjīr Faghnawī follows Riwgarī; his death given 643/1245 or 670/1272, not the atlas 685/1286.

    Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.

    • Trimingham gives Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī's death as 643/1245 or 670/1272, not 685/1286.See checks
    Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawīمحمود أنجير فغنوي1286
  5. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya

    initiation · Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī to ʿAlī Rāmītanī · Two independent sources

    Next in the sequence; linked to Kubrawī ʿAlāʾ al-Dawla Simnānī and credited with reintroducing vocal dhikr (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3925 · agreesʿAzīzān ʿAlī al-Rāmitanī follows Anjīr Faghnawī (d. 705/1306 or 721/1321).
    ʿAlī Rāmītanīعلي الرامتيني1321
  6. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya

    initiation · ʿAlī Rāmītanī to Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsī · Two independent sources

    Next in the sequence (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3926 · agreesMuḥammad Bābā al-Sammāsī follows al-Rāmitanī (d. 740/1340 or 755/1354).
    Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsīمحمد بابا السماسي1333
Other routes (2)

Route 2 of 3: Naqshbandiyya

Sources differ on 8 links of this route.

  1. The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
  3. ʿĀrif al-Rīwgarīعارف الريوغري
  4. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyyasources differ

    initiation · ʿĀrif al-Rīwgarī to Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī · Two independent sources

    Next in the Khwājagān sequence (d. 685/1286) (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3924 · agreesAnjīr Faghnawī follows Riwgarī; his death given 643/1245 or 670/1272, not the atlas 685/1286.

    Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.

    • Trimingham gives Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī's death as 643/1245 or 670/1272, not 685/1286.See checks
    Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawīمحمود أنجير فغنوي1286
  5. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya

    initiation · Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī to ʿAlī Rāmītanī · Two independent sources

    Next in the sequence; linked to Kubrawī ʿAlāʾ al-Dawla Simnānī and credited with reintroducing vocal dhikr (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3925 · agreesʿAzīzān ʿAlī al-Rāmitanī follows Anjīr Faghnawī (d. 705/1306 or 721/1321).
    ʿAlī Rāmītanīعلي الرامتيني1321
  6. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya

    initiation · ʿAlī Rāmītanī to Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsī · Two independent sources

    Next in the sequence (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3926 · agreesMuḥammad Bābā al-Sammāsī follows al-Rāmitanī (d. 740/1340 or 755/1354).
    Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsīمحمد بابا السماسي1333

Route 3 of 3: Naqshbandiyya

Sources differ on 7 links of this route.

  1. The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
  3. ʿĀrif al-Rīwgarīعارف الريوغري
  4. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyyasources differ

    initiation · ʿĀrif al-Rīwgarī to Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī · Two independent sources

    Next in the Khwājagān sequence (d. 685/1286) (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3924 · agreesAnjīr Faghnawī follows Riwgarī; his death given 643/1245 or 670/1272, not the atlas 685/1286.

    Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.

    • Trimingham gives Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī's death as 643/1245 or 670/1272, not 685/1286.See checks
    Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawīمحمود أنجير فغنوي1286
  5. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya

    initiation · Maḥmūd Anjīr Faghnawī to ʿAlī Rāmītanī · Two independent sources

    Next in the sequence; linked to Kubrawī ʿAlāʾ al-Dawla Simnānī and credited with reintroducing vocal dhikr (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3925 · agreesʿAzīzān ʿAlī al-Rāmitanī follows Anjīr Faghnawī (d. 705/1306 or 721/1321).
    ʿAlī Rāmītanīعلي الرامتيني1321
  6. two sourcesin Naqshbandiyya

    initiation · ʿAlī Rāmītanī to Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsī · Two independent sources

    Next in the sequence (TDV Hâcegân, which notes that the sources say little about these figures' lives, Amīr Kulāl excepted).

    TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hâcegân'

    Suggest a correction

    Checked against

    • Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L3917-3926 · agreesMuḥammad Bābā al-Sammāsī follows al-Rāmitanī (d. 740/1340 or 755/1354).
    Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsīمحمد بابا السماسي1333
How to read the marks
  • Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
  • One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
  • The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
  • A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
  • The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
  • A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).

Who received from Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsī

1 recorded, each with the chain set it belongs to.

How to cite

Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “Muḥammad Bābā Sammāsī”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/muhammad-baba-samasi (data of 31 October 2026).