al-Amīr ʿAbd al-Qādir b. Muḥyī al-Dīn al-Jazāʾirī · Kitāb al-Mawāqif fī baʿḍ ishārāt al-Qurʾān ilā al-asrār wa-l-maʿārif
المواقف
The Book of Stations
Mawqif 284 · “Except love for the near of kin”
In briefAI
Starting from Q 42:23, “except love for the near of kin”, the Emir reads the verse by allusion with God as speaker: the near ones are the friends of God and the knowers. The perfect human manifests all the divine names except necessity by essence, and says “I am God” by divine command, as reported of Abū Yazīd. The Emir rejects any charge of indwelling or union, and holds that the Qurʾān's meanings have no end, explained by God's speech on the tongues of whom He wills.
Context: the Emir reports sayings in which a perfected human being speaks in God’s voice, and at once rejects reading them as indwelling, union or mingling.
See the print: Damascus 1966, p. 867, Damascus 1966, p. 868, Damascus 1966, p. 869, Damascus 1966, p. 870 (archive.org)
قَالَ تَعَالَى: «قُلْ لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى⁽³⁾».
He, exalted is He, said: “Say: I ask of you no wage for it, except love for the near of kin” (Q 42:23).
اعْلَمْ: أَنَّ آيَاتِ الْقُرْآنِ الْكَرِيمِ، مِنْهَا مَا هُوَ مُخْلَصٌ لِلْحَقِّ ـ تَعَالَى ـ، وَمِنْهَا مَا هُوَ مُخْلَصٌ لِلْعَبْدِ، وَمِنْهَا مَا يَحْتَمِلُ الْوَجْهَيْنِ،
Know that, of the verses of the noble Qurʾān, some are devoted exclusively to the Real, exalted is He, some are devoted exclusively to the servant, and some admit both aspects.
فَمِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ: «قُلْ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ⁽⁴⁾، قُلْ لَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ عِنْدِي خَزَائِنُ اللَّهِ⁽⁵⁾، مُخْلَصٌ لِلْعَبْدِ•
Thus such words of His as “Say: I am only a human being” (Q 18:110) and “Say: I do not tell you that I have the treasuries of God” (Q 6:50) are devoted exclusively to the servant.
وَمِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ: «قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ». مُخْلَصٌ لِلْحَقِّ تَعَالَى•
And such words of His as “Say: He is God, One” (Q 112:1) are devoted exclusively to the Real, exalted is He.
وَمِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ: «قُلْ لاَأَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إلاَّ الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى». مُحْتَمِلٌ لِلْوَجْهَيْنِ، مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْاِشَارَةِ، لَا التَّفْسِيرِ•
And such words of His as “Say: I ask of you no wage for it, except love for the near of kin” (Q 42:23) admit both aspects, by way of allusion, not of exegesis.
أَيْ: قُلْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ لِعِبَادِيَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ، أَيْ عَلَى مَا بَشَّرْتُكُمْ بِهِ وَأَكْرَمْتُكُمْ، فِي قَوْلِي: «وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فِي رَوْضَاتِ الْجَنَّاتِ لَهُمْ مَا يَشَاءُونَ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْكَبِيرُ».
That is: Say, O Muḥammad, to My believing servants: I ask of you nothing for it, that is, for the glad tidings I gave you and the honour I showed you in My words: “And those who believe and do righteous deeds are in the meadows of the Gardens; they have whatever they wish with their Lord; that is the great bounty” (Q 42:22).
ذَلِكَ الَّذِي يُبَشِّرُ اللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ،
“That is what God gives as glad tidings to His servants who believe and do righteous deeds” (Q 42:23).
فَاِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ أَجْراً، اِذَا فَعَلَ بِهِمْ مَا يُرْضِيهِمْ، وَلِلْعِبَادِ عَلَى رَبِّهِمْ أَجْرٌ اِذَا فَعَلُوا مَا أَمَرَهُمْ بِهِ•
For God is owed a wage by His servants when He does for them what pleases them, and the servants are owed a wage by their Lord when they do what He commanded them.
أَوْجَبَهُ اللَّهُ- تَعَالَى- عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنَّةً وَاِفْضَالاً، وَلِلْعِبَادِ عَلَى رَبِّهِمْ أَجْرٌ مِنْ أَجْلِ الْعِبَادِ، كَمَا فِي قَوْلِهِ: «فَمَنْ عَفَا وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ».
God, exalted is He, made it binding on Himself as a favour and a bounty; and the servants are owed a wage by their Lord on account of other servants, as in His words: “Whoever pardons and makes peace, his wage is upon God” (Q 42:40).
وَ «عَلَى» تَقْتَضِي الْوُجُوبَ،
And “upon” entails obligation.
اِلاّ الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى، أَيْ مَحَبَّةَ الْقَرِيبِينَ مِنِّي، وَهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللَّهِ وَخَاصَّتُهُ الْوَاقِفُونَ عِنْدَ حُدُودِهِ الْعَارِفُونَ بِهِ وَبِجَلَالِهِ الَّذِينَ قَالَ فِيهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فِيمَا يَرْوِيهِ عَنْ رَبِّهِ: «مَنْ آذَى لِي وَلِيّاً فَقَدْ بَارَزَنِي بِالْمُحَارَبَةِ» وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ «فَقَدْ آذَنْتُهُ بِالْحَرْبِ»
“Except love for the near of kin”: that is, love for those who are near to Me, and they are the friends of God and His elect, who stop at His bounds, who know Him and His majesty, about whom the Messenger of God, God bless him and give him peace, said, in what he relates from his Lord: “Whoever harms a friend of Mine has come out to fight Me,” and in one version: “I have declared war on him.”
وَفِي الْخَبَرِ أَيْضاً «أَهْلُ الْقُرْآنِ أَهْلُ اللَّهِ وَخَاصَّتُهُ»•
And in the report too: “The people of the Qurʾān are the people of God and His elect.”
وَالْمُرَادُ بِأَهْلِ الْقُرْآنِ الْعَارِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ•
What is meant by the people of the Qurʾān is the knowers of God.
وَالْأَهْلُ لُغَةً هُمُ الْخَاصَّةُ الْأَقْرَبُونَ•
In the language, “people” (ahl) means the elect, the nearest.
فَالْقُرْبَى الَّذِينَ سَأَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَوَدَّتَهُمْ هُمُ الصَّالِحُونَ الْعُلَمَاءُ بِاللَّهِ•
So the near ones whose love God asked of His believing servants are the righteous, those with knowledge of God.
قَالَ بَعْضُ سَادَاتِ الْقَوْمِ فِي خَبَرِ: «الْأَقْرَبُونَ أَوْلَى بِالْمَعْرُوفِ» الْمُرَادُ: الْأَقْرَبُونَ اِلَى اللَّهِ، فَهُمْ أَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِالْمُقَابَلَةِ بِكُلِّ مَعْرُوفٍ، وَبِالتَّحَبُّبِ اِلَيْهِمْ بِكُلِّ جَمِيلٍ.
One of the masters of the Folk said about the report “The nearest have the first claim to kindness”: what is meant is those nearest to God, so they are the people most deserving to be met with every kindness and to be shown affection with every fine deed.
وَفِي الْقُرْبَى اِلَى اللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ وَأَقْرَبُ ، فَمَنْ كَانَ قُرْبُهُ قُرْبَ النَّوَافِلِ فَهُوَ قَرِيبٌ ، وَمَنْ كَانَ قُرْبُهُ قُرْبَ الْفَرَائِضِ فَهُوَ أَقْرَبُ .
وَقُرْبُهُمْ مِنْهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى قَدْرِ تَخَلُّقِهِمْ وَتَحَقُّقِهِمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِ تَعَالَى ،
وَالْكَامِلُ الْمُكَمَّلُ هُوَ الَّذِي لَهُ الظُّهُورُ بِجَمِيعِ الْأَسْمَاءِ الْاِلَهِيَّةِ مَا عَدَا الْوُجُوبَ بِالذَّاتِ ، وَذَلِكَ مَجْمُوعُ الصُّورَةِ الْاِلَهِيَّةِ الَّتِي خَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ – عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ – عَلَيْهَا ، كَمَا وَرَدَ : « اِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ آدَمَ عَلَى صُورَتِهِ » .
وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ خَرَّجَهَا ابْنُ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَصَحَّحَهَا الْكَشْفُ عَلَى صُورَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ : « فَاِذَا تَقَابَلَتِ الصُّورَتَانِ سَجَدَتْ كُلُّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا لِلْاُخْرَى » .
وَالْمُتَحَقِّقُ بِهَذِهِ الْمَرْتَبَةِ ؛ هُوَ الَّذِي يُسَمَّى بِالْاِنْسَانِ الْكَامِلِ ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَقُولُ : « أَنَا اللَّهُ بِالْأَمْرِ الْاِلَهِيِّ » كَمَا نُقِلَ عَنْ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْبِسْطَامِيِّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ : اِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا آلَهَ الاَّ أَنَا فَاعْبُدْنِي ،
وَكَمَا نُقِلَ عَنِ الشَّيْخِ الْأَكْبَرِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي جُمْلَةِ أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ : يَا قِبْلَتِي خَاطِبِينِي بِالسُّجُودِ لَقَدْ وَجَدْتُ شَخْصاً لِشَخْصِي فِيَّ قَدْ سَجَدَا لَاهُوتُهُ حَلَّ نَاسُوتِي فَقَدَّسَهُ حَتَّى عَجِبْتُ لِمِثْلِي كَيْفَ مَا عُبِدَا ؟!
وَاِلَى هَذَا يُشِيرُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى : ذَلِكَ بِاَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْوَلِيُّ . اِشَارَةً لَا تَفْسِيراً ،
وَاحْذَرْ أَنْ تَرْمِيَنِي بِحُلُولٍ أَوِ اتِّحَادٍ أَوِ امْتِزَاجٍ أَوْ نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ ، فَاِنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْ جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ وَمِنْ كُلِّ مَا يُخَالِفُ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةَ رَسُولِهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – فَاِنَّنِي فَهِمْتُ مِنْهُمَا مَا فَهِمْتَ أَنْتَ ، وَزِدْتُ عَلَيْكَ،
وَكَلَامُ اللَّهِ وَكَلَامُ رَسُولِهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – بَحْرٌ زَخَّارٌ ، لَا نِهَايَةَ لِمَدْلُولَاتِهِمَا وَلَا قَرَارَ ،
وَكُلُّ مَنْ قَالَ فِي مَسْأَلَةٍ : هَذَا مُرَادُ اللَّهِ - تَعَالَى - لَا زَائِدَ عَلَيْهِ ، أَوْ مُرَادُ رَسُولِهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَا غَيْرُ ؟ فَقَدْ أَعْظَمَ الْفِرْيَةَ .
وَلِهَذَا امْتَنَعَتْ رِوَايَةُ الْقُرْآنِ بِالْمَعْنَى اِجْمَاعاً ، وَرِوَايَـةُ الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ اللَّهِ قَاطِبَـةً ، وَبَعْضِ عُلَمَاءِ الظَّاهِرِ ،
فَاِنَّهُ لَوْ رُوِيَ الْقُرْآنُ أَوِ الْحَدِيثُ بِالْمَعْنَى ؟ مَا أَخَذَ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمَا اِلاَّ مَا فَهِمَهُ الرَّاوِي بِالْمَعْنَى ،
فَاِذَا كَانَ الْقُرْآنُ بِلَفْظِ مَا نَزَلَ ، وَالْحَدِيثُ بِلَفْظِ الرَّسُولِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَخَذَ مِنْهُمَا كُلُّ مَنْ فَتَحَ اللَّهُ فَهْمَـفَهْمَهُ عَنْهُ ، مَا قُسِمَ لَهُ اِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ،
رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ - عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ - اِمَامِ أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الطَّرِيقَةِ وَقُدْوَتِهِمْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - لَمَّا سُئِلَ : هَلْ خَصَّكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ ؟! فَقَالَ : لَا ، وَالَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ ، وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ ، اِلاَّ فَهْماً أُعْطِيَهُ رَجُلٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ .
وَقَدْ وَعَدَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى رَسُولَهُ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْـهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِبَيَانِهِ فَقَالَ :
« ثُمَّ إنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ » .
وَبَيَانُهُ عَامٌّ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي حَيَاتِهِ ، وَلِمَنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ ،
وَلَا يُبَيِّنُهُ تَعَالَى اِلاَّ بِكَلَامِهِ ، عَلَى أَلْسِنَةِ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ.
قَالَ تَعَالَى : « فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلاَمَ اللَّهِ » .
وَمَا سَمِعَهُ اِلاَّ مِنْ مَظْهَرِ مُحَمَّدٍ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - .
Translations, word glosses and term notes are AI-generated (Claude) and marked as such; no published translation is reproduced.Word analysis is automatic (CAMeL Tools), guided by the text's vowelling. How this text was established.
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Tahar Abu al-Qasim Brayek (الطاهر أبو القاسم برايك) · professor; lecture at the Zāwiya Balqāʾidiyya · from 0:45:04 · YouTube ↗
16 - أ. د. الطاهر أبو القاسم برايك - الأمير عبد القادر الجزائري الحسني وكتابه '' المواقف الروحية '' · الزاوية البلقائدية
Reads Mawqif 284 ("I ask no reward except love of kin"): three kinds of verses and the two readings of the reward. (high confidence)
Itzchak Weismann, God and the Perfect Man in the Experience of ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jazāʾirī, Journal of the Muhyiddin Ibn ʿArabi Society 30 (2001) ↗
open (free PDF) · mawāqif cited in the notes, read in full
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