جررthe stretching and dragging of a thing. (root jrr)

Al-jarrah (الجرة) [the jar], plural al-jirār (الجرار) and al-jurr (الجر). Al-jirārah (الجرارة) is the craft of the jar-maker. Al-jarrārah (الجرارة) [scorpion]: a yellow scorpion, as if it were a piece of straw. Al-jārūr (الجارور): a channel a flood cuts, thereby forming a river. Al-jārūr also: any place to which water descends from above, being low, as though it pulls the water toward itself. Al-jarūr (الجرور), among pregnant females: one that carries her young to the furthest extent [beyond term]. He said: 'She carried to full term, not casting it prematurely.' 'I stabbed a horseman, fa-ajrartuhu al-rumḥ (فأجررته الرمح)' when he walked off [with the spear still trailing in him]. Sometimes the middle of a kid's or young camel's tongue is slit, then a piece of wood tied in it so it cannot suckle; this binding is called al-ijrār (الإجرار). 'The young camel was jarra (جر),' hence majrūr (مجرور). 'Ajarra (أجر)': that was inflicted on it. He said: 'If Jurm's spears had made me speak, I would have spoken, but the spears made [my tongue] slit.' Al-majarrah (المجرة) [the Milky Way]: the seam of the sky. He said: 'Whose is this ruin between the Milky Way and the moon, void of voices, effaced of trace?' Al-majarr (المجر): dragging. 'It was thus in a former year, fa-hallumma jarran (فهلم جرا) until today.' A man 'yajurru 'alā nafsihi jarīrah (يجر على نفسه جريرة),' i.e., an offense; plural jarā'ir (جرائر). One says, meaning 'for your sake': 'min jarīrika (من جريرك)' and 'min jarāka (من جراك).' Abū al-Najm said: 'The eye's tears flowed for her sake.' Al-jirrah (الجرة) is the camel's cud when it chews it (yajtarruhā), gnaws it, then swallows it down. Al-jarjarah (الجرجرة): the repeated rumbling of a camel's groaning in its throat and gullet-pouch before it is brought forth as a bray. He said: 'It rumbled in its throat like [the gurgle of] a jar.' Al-jarjīr (الجرجير): a plant among the fine greens. Al-jarjār (الجرجار): a plant. Al-jurjur (الجرجر): the iron implement used to thresh the heap. Al-tajarjur (التجرجر): gulping water down your throat. Al-jarūr (الجرور): a horse that cannot be led. Al-jarīr (الجرير): the halter-rope. Al-jarjūr (الجرجور): a hundred camels; one says 'a hundred, a jarjūr' as one says 'a full hundred.' Al-Kumayt said: 'And a man of little means whom you gave to drink [of generosity] grew rich — a hundred, a full complement (jarjūr), from your gift.' It is also said: al-jarjūr means noble [she-camels], as in al-A'shā's line: 'He gives away the great she-camels, the jarājir (الجراجر), like a garden, tenderly bending to the little young.' Al-jurr (الجر): hard ground that has ceased to be clay-like and so 'dries' (as the text has it). He said: '...and an embankment like the basin of hard ground (al-jurr), unbroken.'

Al-jarrah (الجرة) [the jar] of pottery, plural jurr (جر) and jirār (جرار). Al-jurr (الجر) also: the base of a mountain. The rajaz poet said: 'And I have crossed a valley and a jurr.' Al-jirrah (الجرة), with kasra: what the camel brings up to chew the cud. Hence their saying: 'I will not do that as long as al-jirrah and al-darrah differ' — their difference being that al-darrah (الدرة) [milk-flow] descends while al-jirrah (الجرة) [cud] rises. Al-jirrī (الجرى): a kind of fish. Al-jirriyyah (الجرية): the crop [of a bird]. Al-jurrah (الجرة): a piece of wood about a cubit long, with a snare-loop at its head and a cord in its middle, used to trap gazelles. In the proverb: 'He struggled against the jurrah, then made peace with it' — because the gazelle, when caught, struggles a while and thrashes, and when overpowered settles into it as if reconciled; said of one who disagreed and then was forced into agreement. A horse that is jarūr (جرور): resists being led. A well that is jarūr (جرور): deep-bottomed, drawn from by hauling. Al-jārūr (الجارور): the channel of a flood. A battalion that is jarrārah (جرارة): slow-marching from its great numbers; likewise an army, jarrār (جرار). Al-jarrārah (الجرارة) also: a scorpion that drags its tail. Al-jarīr (الجرير): a rope placed on the camel like the headstall on a riding-beast, other than the nose-rein; by it a man was named Jarīr. 'Jarartu al-ḥabl (جررت الحبل)' and other things, 'ajurruhu jarran.' Al-majarrah (المجرة) in the sky was so named because it resembles the trace of dragging. 'Jarra 'alayhim jarīrah (جر عليهم جريرة),' i.e., he committed an offense against them. 'Jarrat al-nāqah (جرت الناقة)' when she reaches her due date and passes it by some days without giving birth. Al-jārrah (الجارة): camels led by their halters — [the form] fā'ilah in the sense of maf'ūlah, like ''īshah rāḍiyah' meaning 'pleasing [i.e. approved] life,' and 'mā' dāfiq' meaning 'gushing water.' In the ḥadīth: 'There is no zakat on the jārrah camels' — meaning the people's riding-mounts, since zakat is due on grazing livestock, not working animals. 'Ḥār jār (حار جار)' is a rhyming echo-word attached to it; Abū 'Ubayd said most of their speech has 'ḥār yār' with a yā'. You say: 'That was in such a year, wa-hallumma jarran (وهلم جرا) until today.' 'I did such a thing min jarāka (من جراك),' i.e. for your sake — the pattern fa'lā; do not say 'majrāk.' He said: 'I love the Sabbath for your sake, Laylā — as if I, O Salām, were of the Jews.' Sometimes they said 'min jarāka' unshaddaded, and 'min jarā'ika (من جرائك)' with the hamza-elongation, from the weak form. 'Ajrartu lisān al-faṣīl (أجررت لسان الفصيل),' i.e., I slit it so it could not suckle. Imru' al-Qays said: 'So he turned on him with his sharpened blade, like the piercing of the slit tongue's back (al-mujarr).' 'Amr ibn Ma'dī Karib said: 'If my people's spears had made me speak, I would have spoken, but the spears made [my tongue] slit.' He means: had they fought valiantly I would have mentioned that and boasted... [entry continues]

Jīm and rā' have one root, meaning to extend a thing and drag it. One says jarartu (جررت) the rope or other things, ajurruhu jarran (أجره جرا) [I drag it, a dragging]. Luqayṭ said: 'She dragged, because of what was between us, the rope of aversion, so we see from her neither clear despair nor hope.' Al-jarr (الجر) is the base of a mountain, and it belongs to this root, as if it were something dragged along. He said: 'And I have crossed a valley and a jarr (foot of a mountain).' Al-jarūr (الجرور), among horses, is one that resists being led, and it has two explanations: one, that it is [the pattern] fa'ūl in the meaning of maf'ūl, as if it is constantly being dragged; the other, that it is jarūr in the active sense, because it drags its leader by pulling. Al-jarrār (الجرار) is the vast army, because it drags along its followers and is itself dragged. He said: 'You will regret it when our troop comes upon you with a huge dragging [host], many are its neighing steeds.' Related by analogy is al-jarjūr (الجرجور), a huge herd of camels. He said: 'A hundred from their gift, a jarjūr [full herd].' Al-jarīr (الجرير) is a rope of leather placed on the she-camel's neck, and by it a man was named Jarīr. From this root is al-jarīrah (الجريرة), the offense a person incurs, because it is something he drags upon himself. From this root also is al-jirrah (الجرة), the cud of livestock, because it is pulled up. The Milky Way (al-majarrah, مجرة) was so named because it resembles the trace of dragging (al-majarr). Al-ijrār (الإجرار) is the slitting of a young camel's tongue, then pinning it so it cannot suckle. He said: '...like the back of the pierced tongue that has been slit (al-mujarr).' Some said al-ijrār is that it is pulled then slit, and on this basis they explained 'Amr's line: 'If my people's spears had made me speak, I would have spoken, but the spears made [my tongue] slit.' He means: had they fought, I would have boasted of it in my poetry, but their spears 'ajarrat' me, as if cutting off my tongue from boasting of them. It is said 'ajarrahu al-rumḥ (أجره الرمح)' when he stabbed him and left the spear in him, dragging. He said: 'And we drag spears in the fray and are called by name.' And: 'They left Naḍlah on the battlefield, dragging spearheads like a wood-gatherer' — a proverbial expression, its origin being the dragging of a thing as described. It is said 'jarrat al-nāqah (جرت الناقة)' when she reaches her due time and does not give birth till some days later, so she has 'dragged' her pregnancy. In the ḥadīth: 'There is no zakat on the jārrah (الجارة) camels' — those led and pulled by their halters, i.e., pack-camels; or it is said they are the people's riding-mounts. From this root: 'ajrartu fulānan al-dayn (أجررت فلانا الدين)' when you deferred a debt for him, like the 'ijrār' of a spear or halter left trailing. From it also: 'ajarra fulānun fulānan aghānī (أجر فلان فلانا أغاني)' when he followed up songs for him one after another. He said: 'When the judgment was passed on me, he plied me with songs the singer never tires of.' You say: 'It was thus in former times, wa-hallumma jarran (وهلم جرا) until today,' meaning that continued unbroken to this day. Al-jarr among camels is also grazing while walking, dragging their loads. Al-jārūr (الجارور), as said, is a channel a flood cuts through. From this root is al-jurrah (الجرة), a piece of wood about a cubit long with a snare-loop at its head and a cord in its middle, buried as a trap for gazelles; when caught, the gazelle struggles against it a while, pulling it and being pulled, until overcome it settles into it — hence the Arab proverb for one who opposes the people's view then returns to it: 'He struggled against the jurrah, then made peace with it.' Al-jarrah (الجرة) of pottery, because it is ever drawn for water-fetching. Al-jurr (الجر) is something made from the stripped hide of a camel's hock, in which a woman places cast-off garments and hangs it, when journeying, from the rear of her pack-saddle, so that it constantly dangles... [entry continues]

Al-jarr (الجر): pulling. 'Jarrahu yajurruhu jarran (جره يجره جرا)'; and 'jarartu al-ḥabl (جررت الحبل)' and other things, 'ajurruhu jarran.' 'Inṣajarra al-shay' (انجر الشيء)': the thing got pulled/dragged. 'Ijtarra (اجتر)' and 'ijdarra (اجدر)' — they turned the tā' into a dāl, in some dialects. He said: 'I said to my companion: do not delay us by pulling out its roots — and pull up (ijdar) some wormwood!' This is not applied by analogy generally: one does not say 'ijdara'a' for 'ijtara'a,' nor 'ijdaraḥa' for 'ijtaraḥa.' 'Istajarrahu (استجره),' 'jarrarahu (جرره),' 'jarrara bihi (جرر به)' [intensive forms]. He said: 'I said to her [the hyena]: Live on, Ju'ār, and drag off the flesh of a man whose helper was absent today!' 'Tajirrah (تجرة)' is [the pattern] taf'ilah from it. Jār al-ḍabu' (جار الضبع) [lit. the hyena-driver]: the rain that, from its intensity, drags the hyena from its den; sometimes the great flood is also so named, because it likewise drags hyenas from their dens. It is said: jār al-ḍabu' is the most intense rain, as though it leaves nothing without dragging it away. Ibn al-A'rābī: rain that leaves nothing without making it flow and dragging it is called 'jār al-ḍabu' has come to us'; only an overwhelming flood drags the hyena. Shamir said: I heard Ibn al-A'rābī say, 'I came to you like the majarr (مجر) of the hyena,' meaning the flood had torn through the ground as though the hyena had been dragged through it. 'The sky struck us with jār al-ḍabu' [a torrential downpour].' Abū Zayd: 'Ghannāhu fa-ajarrahu aghānī kathīrah (غناه فأجره أغاني كثيرة)' when he followed it up for him tune after tune. He cited: 'When the judgment was passed on me, he plied me with songs the singer never tires of.' Al-jārūr (الجارور): a channel a flood cuts through and carries along. 'Jarrat al-mar'ah waladahā jarran (جرت المرأة ولدها جرا)' and 'jarrat bihi (جرت به)': her delivery goes beyond nine months by three or four days, so the child ripens fully in the womb. Al-jarr: the she-camel exceeding, after the completed year, by a month, two months, or just forty days. Al-jarūr (الجرور), among pregnant [animals] — in al-Muḥkam, among camels — one that carries her offspring to the furthest extent or beyond it. The poet said: 'She carried to full term, not choking [it] prematurely.' 'Jarrat al-nāqah tajurru jarran (جرت الناقة تجر جرا)' when she reaches her due time then passes it by some days without giving birth. Al-jarr: the she-camel exceeding the count of her [gestation] months. Tha'lab said: the she-camel carries her offspring overtime for a month; and: the offspring is most complete when its mother has carried it overtime (jarrat bihi). Ibn al-A'rābī said: al-jarūr is one that carries overtime three months past the year, and these are the noblest camels; he said only spring-conceiving camels carry overtime, not summer ones; only the red, tawny, and dun-gray camels carry overtime, not the black, because of their thick skins and narrow bellies; scarcely any black one carries overtime, owing to the firmness and toughness of its flesh, unlike the red and tawny. It is also said: it is [the she-camel] whose offspring is trussed — its forelegs bound to its neck at birth — so it is dragged before her and drawn out with difficulty, fear being that it may die, so it is dressed in a cloth that she may recognize it... [entry continues]