جريTo run or flow swiftly, originally said of water; a nucleus-mate root covers the … (root jry)

Horses run (tajrī). And the winds run (tajrī), and the sun runs a running (jaryan); except water, which runs a jiryah (جرية). Al-jirā' (الجراء) is used for horses specifically. He said (footnote 1): "...abundant in running (ghamr al-jirā'), when its rein was shortened..." Al-ijriyā (الإجريا): the way/manner in which it runs, from its habit. Al-ijriyā: a kind of running. And a horse dhū ajārī [footnote 2: i.e. having various kinds/styles of running]... Al-jarī (الجري): the messenger, because you make him run (ajraytahu) on your errand. Al-jāriyah's verbal noun is al-jirā' (الجراء), without there being a verb-form for it. It is said: 'I did that in jirā'ihā (جرائها),' i.e. while she was still jāriyah (young/running).

'Jarā the water and other things, jaryan and jaryānan (جريا وجريانا)', and 'ajraytuhu' (I made it flow), said of myself [as agent]. It is said: 'mā ashaddu jiryata hādhā al-mā' (ما أشد جرية هذا الماء)', with kasrah. And His saying, exalted is He: '(bismillāhi majrāhā wa marsāhā)' — these are two verbal nouns from 'ajraytu al-safīnah' (I made the ship sail) and 'arsaytu' (I anchored it). And '(majrahā wa marsahā)' with fatḥah is from 'jarat al-safīnah' (the ship sailed) and 'rasat' (it was anchored). And the saying of Labīd: "And I lived at ease for a while before the running of Dāḥis — if only for the persistent soul there were eternal life." And 'majrā Dāḥis' likewise [is with fatḥah]. Al-jirāyah (الجراية): the current allowance among stipends. Al-jirw, al-jurw, and al-jarw (جرو): the young of a dog and of beasts of prey; the plural is ajurr (أجر), its origin being ajruw on the pattern af'ul, and [also] jirā' (جراء); the plural of jirā' is ajriyah (أجرية). Al-jarw and al-jarwah: the small one among cucumbers. And in the ḥadīth: "The Prophet, peace be upon him, was brought ajurr (أجر) that were downy (zughb)." Likewise jarw of colocynth and pomegranate. And Banū Jarwah: a clan of the Arabs. Rabī'ah ibn 'Abd al-'Uzzā ibn 'Abd Shams ibn 'Abd Manāf was called Jarw al-Baṭḥā'. And 'so-and-so threw down his jarwah (جروته)' is said when he endured the matter. And their saying 'ḍaraba 'alayhi jarwatahu' means he settled his resolve upon it. A bitch is mujirr and mujriyah (مجر ومجرية), i.e. she has her jirā' (puppies) with her. Al-Jumayḥ al-Asadī said: "But when she is roused she becomes a mujriyah, a fierce dam dwelling in a thicket none dares approach." And jāriyah has a clear jirāyah (جراية) with fatḥah, and jirā' and jarā' [with kasrah and fatḥah]. Al-A'shā said: "And the fair maidens have grown past their youth and their jarā' (جراء) has lengthened, and they grew up among slave-servants and among herds of camels." — transmitted with both fatḥah and kasrah of the jīm. And their saying 'that happened fī ayyāmi jarā'ihā (في أيام جرائها)', with fatḥah, meaning her youth. Al-jāriyah: the sun. Al-jāriyah: the ship. 'Jārāhu' — mujārāh and jirā' (مجاراة وجراء) — means he ran/competed with him. 'Jārāhu fī al-ḥadīth' (he vied with him in talk), and 'tajārū fīhi' (they vied with one another in it). Al-jarī (الجري): the agent/proxy and the messenger. It is said: a jarī has a clear jirāyah (wage); the plural is ajriyā' (أجرياء). As for al-jarī' (الجرئ) meaning 'the bold, forward one', that belongs to the chapter of hamzah. One says 'jaraytu jaryan' (I ran, running) and 'istajraytu'. And in the ḥadīth: "Speak your speech, and let not Satan induce you to run (yastajriyannakum) [into rashness]." The wakīl (agent) was named jarī because he runs in the course (majrā) of his principal. And their saying 'fa'altu dhālika min jarāka wa min jarā'ika' (I did that for your sake) — a dialectal variant of 'jarrāka' with doubling; do not say 'mijrāka'. Al-jiryah (الجرية), like al-qiryah, is the crop/gizzard [of a bird]. Al-ijriyā (الاجريا), with kasrah: the running and the habit in which one engages. Al-Kumayt said: "And he turned away with the running-gait of a lāfī, as though upon the farthest ridge he were being lashed and driven on." And he also said: 'Upon that is my ijriyā, and...' [entry continues]

The letters jīm, rā', and wāw form one root, which is the young one (offspring) of a dog's young, and then other things are likened to it by extension. So jarw (الجرو) is used for a dog's pup and also for others. It is said 'sab'un mujriyah (سبعة مجرية) wa mujirr (مجر)' when it has its jarw (puppy/puppies) with it. He [a poet] said: "And she draws along a mujriyah (a dam with her pup) that has ... my flesh (?) to low-hanging teats (ajurr ḥawāshib)..." [the verse is fragmentary in the source] This is the root meaning; then it is said of the small ones of the cucumber: al-jarwah (الجروة). And in the ḥadīth: "The Prophet, peace be upon him, was brought ajurr (أجر) that were downy (zughb)" — and likewise the jarw of colocynth and pomegranate, meaning that they are small [fruits]. And Banū Jarwah (بنو جروة) is a clan of the Arabs. And it is said 'so-and-so threw down his jarwah (جروته)', meaning he steadied his resolve (rabaṭa jaʾshahu) and endured the matter — as though he had bound a jarw (puppy) and calmed it. This is a metaphor.

...m. And al-jarāmah (الجرامة): the inferior/defective picked dates (al-tamr al-mujrūm), its morphological pattern being made like that of 'nufāyah' (refuse). And 'ajrama' (أجرم): he became possessed of jurm, like 'athmara' (he bore fruit) and 'albana' (he gave milk); this was used metaphorically for every disliked acquisition, and it is scarcely said in ordinary speech for praiseworthy gain. Its verbal noun is jaram (جرم). And the poet's saying in describing an eagle ('uqāb): [entry continues] Al-jary (الجري): swift passing; its origin is like the passing of water, and it is used of whatever runs in its course. It is said: 'jarā yajrī jaryatan wa jaryānan' (it ran, running). He, exalted is He, said: "and these rivers flow beneath me" [al-Zukhruf 43:51]. And He, exalted is He, said: "Gardens of Eden beneath which rivers flow" [al-Kahf 18:31]. And He said: "and that the ships may sail" [al-Rūm 30:46]. And He, exalted is He, said: "therein is a flowing spring" [al-Ghāshiyah 88:12]. And He said: "Indeed, when the water overflowed, We carried you in the sailing vessel (al-jāriyah)" [al-Ḥāqqah 69:11] — that is, the ship that sails upon the sea; its plural is jawārin (جواري). He, exalted is He, said: "and to Him belong the sailing ships raised up [with sails]" [al-Raḥmān 55:24]. And He, exalted is He, said: "and among His signs are the ships sailing in the sea like landmarks" [al-Shūrā 42:32]. And the crop/gizzard [of a bird] is called jiryah (جرية), either because the food ends up in it in the course of its passing, or because it is the channel (majrā) of the food. Al-ijriyā: the habit which a person follows. Al-jarī: the agent and messenger who proceeds in the matter; it is more specific than the terms 'messenger' and 'agent'; one says 'jaraytu jaryan'. And his saying, peace be upon him: "Let not Satan induce you to run (lā yastajriyannakum al-shayṭān)" — it is valid to claim in it the original meaning, i.e. 'let it not carry you into running in obedience to his command'; and it is also valid to derive it from al-jarī, i.e. the messenger and agent. Its meaning is: do not undertake the agency and messengership of Satan — an allusion to the like of His saying, exalted is He: "so fight the allies of Satan" [al-Nisā' 4:76]. And He, exalted is He, said: "That is only Satan who frightens his allies" [Āl 'Imrān 3:175].

Al-jarā'ah (الجرأة), like al-jur'ah (الجرعة): courage/boldness. Its hamzah may sometimes be dropped, so one says 'al-jarrah' (الجرة) like 'al-karrah' (الكرة), just as they said 'marrah' for 'imra'ah' (woman). A man is jarī' (جريء): forward/bold, from a people [described as] ajri'ā' (أجرئاء) with two hamzahs, according to al-Liḥyānī, though it is permissible to drop one of the two hamzahs. The plural of al-jarī (the agent/proxy) is ajriyā' (أجرياء), with the elongation containing a hamzah in it. Al-jarī' (الجريء): the bold, forward one. One says 'jaru'a yajru'u' (he became bold), [with the verbal nouns] jarā'ah and jurā'ah with elongation, and jirāyah without hamzah — this last being rare — and jarā'iyah on the pattern of fa'āliyah. One also says 'istajra'a', 'tajarra'a', and 'jarra'ahu 'alayhi' (he emboldened him against it) until he 'ijtara'a 'alayhi jara'ah' (grew bold against it); he is 'jarī' al-muqdam', meaning bold at the moment of undertaking. And in the ḥadīth about Ibn al-Zubayr and the building of the Ka'bah: 'He left it until, when the pilgrimage season came and the people arrived, [intending] to embolden them (yujarri'ahum) against the people of Syria' — this is from al-jarā'ah (boldness) and venturing upon a thing. He intended to increase their boldness against them and their demand [for vengeance] for the burning of the Ka'bah; it is also transmitted with the plain ḥā' and bā' [a variant reading], mentioned in its [proper] place. And from this is the ḥadīth of Abū Hurayrah, may God be pleased with him, concerning which Ibn 'Umar, may God be pleased with both of them, said: 'But he was bold (ijtara'a) while we were timid (jabunnā)' — meaning that he ventured into transmitting many ḥadīths from the Prophet, peace be upon him, while we were timid about it, so his transmitted reports became many and ours few. And in the ḥadīth: 'and his people were jurā'ā' (جرآء) against him,' on the pattern of 'ulamā'', the plural of jarī': meaning dominating [him], not fearing him. Ibn al-Athīr said: This is how some later scholars transmitted and explained it, but what is well known is 'ḥurā'' with the plain ḥā', which will be mentioned [in its place]. Al-jiryah and al-jarī'ah: the windpipe/throat. Al-jarī'ah, with elongation: the gizzard — from al-Tahdhīb. Abū Zayd said: it is al-firyah, al-jiryah, and al-nawṭah, [terms] for the crop of a bird — thus Tha'lab transmitted it from Ibn Najdah, without hamzah; but Ibn Hāni' said: 'al-jarī'ah' is with hamzah, according to Abū Zayd. And al-jarī'ah, on the pattern of khaṭī'ah: a structure built of stones, upon whose door a stone is set higher than the doorway; a piece of meat [bait] is placed for the predator at the back of the structure, so that when the predator enters and takes the meat, the stone falls upon the door and seals it. Its plural is jarā'i' (جرائئ) — thus Abū Zayd transmitted it, saying: 'This is among the morphological patterns rejected by the grammarians of Arabic, except in anomalous cases.'