رقبa single meaning, intiṣāb for the sake of murāʿāt something. (root rqb)

Raqabtu al-shayʾa arqubuhu raqbatan wa-raqbānan (رقبت الشيء أرقبه رقبة ورقبانا), meaning 'I waited/watched for it.' His saying, Most High: 'lam tarqub qawlī (لم ترقب قولي)' means 'you did not wait for my word.' Al-tarraqqub (الترقب) is watching for a thing and anticipating it. Al-raqīb (الرقيب) is the guard who oversees a raqabah (رقبة), guarding the people. Raqīb al-maysir (رقيب الميسر) is the trustee entrusted with the winning portion; it is also said al-raqīb is the third arrow. Al-raqīb (الرقيب) means 'the guardian.' Al-raqūb (الرقوب), said of widows and old men, is one who has no child and cannot earn a living; it is also said to be one who has not sent ahead any of his children [in death, i.e., none have predeceased him as a merit]. The widow is called raqūb because she has no one to earn for her nor any child, so she watches/waits for [someone's] kindness. Al-raqabah (الرقبة) is the base of the back of the neck. Al-arqab (الأرقب) and al-raqbānī (الرقباني) mean 'thick-necked.' A thick-necked female slave is called raqbāniyyah raqbāʾ, but a free woman is not described thus. Al-riqab (الرقب) is a plural like al-riqāb (الرقاب); and 'giving in al-riqāb (الرقاب)' means [giving] to those under contracts of manumission (al-mukātabīn). 'God freed his raqabah (رقبة)' [is said], but one does not say 'his neck (ʿunuq)' [in this sense]. Al-raqīb (الرقيب) is also a kind of snake, plural riqab and raqībāt.

Al-raqīb (الرقيب): the guardian. Al-raqīb: the one who waits/watches. You say raqabtu al-shayʾa arqubuhu ruqūban, wa-raqbatan wa-raqbānan (رقبت الشيء أرقبه رقوبا، ورقبة ورقبانا), with kasra in both, meaning 'I watched for it.' Al-raqīb: the one entrusted with the winning portion [in gambling]. Raqīb al-najm (رقيب النجم): the star that sets when [another] rises, such as the Pleiades (al-Thurayyā), whose raqīb is al-Iklīl: when the Pleiades rise in the evening, al-Iklīl sets, and when al-Iklīl rises in the evening, the Pleiades set. Al-raqīb: the third of the arrows of gambling (maysir). Al-marqab and al-marqabah (المرقب والمرقبة): the elevated place upon which the raqīb stands. [Poetry:] 'And whenever want afflicts you, hope for wealth, / and to the one who gives the coveted things, direct your hope' — this refers to gambling. Al-Farrāʾ cited: 'Is it true, O servants of God, that I shall not meet / Buthaynah, or shall al-Thurayyā's raqīb meet it?' Al-ʿAyyūq is called 'raqīb al-Thurayyā' by analogy with the raqīb of gambling. Rāqaba Allāha fī amrihi (راقب الله في أمره) means 'he feared God [was mindful of God] in his affair.' Al-tarraqqub (الترقب): waiting, and likewise al-irtiqāb (الارتقاب). Arqabtuhu dāran aw arḍan (أرقبته دارا أو أرضا): I gave it to him such that it would belong to whichever of us survives, and you say: 'If I die before you it is yours, and if you die before me it is mine.' The noun from this is al-ruqbā (الرقبى), which is from al-murāqabah, because each of the two watches for the death of his companion. Al-raqabah (الرقبة): the base at the back of the neck, plural riqab, raqabāt, and riqāb. A man is arqab bayyin al-raqab (أرقب بين الرقب), meaning thick-necked, and also raqbānī, though this is against analogy. The Arabs nicknamed the non-Arabs 'necks of the provision-bags' (riqāb al-mazāwid) because they are ruddy/fair. Dhū al-Ruqaybah (ذو الرقيبة): the nickname of Mālik al-Qushayrī, because he was short-necked; he is the one who captured Ḥājib ibn Zurārah on the day of Jabalah. Al-raqabah: the slave. Al-raqūb (الرقوب): the woman none of whose children survive. It is said [in verse]: 'as if she were an old raqūb woman' — and likewise for a man. The poet said: 'No creature before us was seen like our mother, / nor like our father who lived yet was raqūb.' Al-raqūb: the woman who watches for the death of her husband in order to inherit from him. Al-raqūb of camels: one that does not approach the trough amid the crowding, out of its own dignity/generosity. Al-marqab (المرقب): a hide flayed from the head and neck first. Al-riqābah (الرقابة): the lowly man who watches the people's baggage for them when they are away.

Rāʾ, qāf, and bāʾ: one consistent root indicating uprightness/standing erect, in consideration of something related to that — al-raqīb (الرقيب), which is 'the guardian/watcher.' From it one says raqabtu arqubu raqbatan wa-raqbānan (رقبت أرقب رقبة ورقبانا). Al-marqab (المرقب) is the elevated place upon which the observer stands. Al-raqīb (الرقيب) is the one entrusted in gambling (al-maysir) with the winning arrow/portion. From this also is the derivation of al-raqabah (الرقبة) 'the neck,' because it is upright (standing erect), and because the observer necessarily stands erect when he looks out. Al-marqab (المرقب) is also a hide that is flayed starting from its head and neck. Riqābat al-raḥl (رقابة الرحل) is the lowly servant who watches over the people's baggage/mounts when they are away. The woman who awaits the death of her husband in order to inherit from him is called al-raqūb (الرقوب). Al-raqūb (الرقوب) is also a she-camel of wicked temperament that scarcely drinks together with the rest of the camels, watching for when the camels turn away from the water [so she can drink alone]. One says arqabtu fulānan hādhihi al-dār (أرقبت فلانا هذه الدار) — meaning you give him this house to dwell in, like a life-tenancy ('umrā), then you say to him: 'If I die before you, it reverts to me; and if you die before me, it is yours.' This is from al-murāqabah (المراقبة), as if each of the two were watching for the death of his companion. Riqāb al-mazāwid (رقاب المزاود) is a nickname given to the non-Arabs (al-'ajam) because they are red/fair-skinned [lit. donkeys/red-skinned]. Al-raqīb (الرقيب) is the third of the seven gambling-arrows that have shares, as if it 'watches' for when it will come out. Al-raqūb (الرقوب) is also the woman none of whose children survive, as if she were watching him, hoping he might remain alive for her.

Al-raqabah (الرقبة) is the name of the well-known bodily organ, then it is used metonymically for the whole person, and by convention it became a name for slaves — just as al-raʾs (رأس, 'head') and al-ẓahr (ظهر, 'back') are used metonymically for a mount, so one says 'so-and-so ties [as tribute] so many heads, and so many backs.' The Most High said: 'fa-taḥrīru raqabatin muʾminah' [Q 4:92], 'the freeing of a believing raqabah.' And He said: 'wa-fī al-riqāb' [Q 2:177], meaning those under manumission-contracts among them, for they are the ones to whom zakat is given. 'Raqabtuhu' (رقبته) [with one meaning] = 'I struck his raqabah (neck)'; and 'raqabtuhu' [with another sense] = 'I guarded/watched him.' Al-raqīb (الرقيب): the guardian — either because of his watching over the raqabah (neck/person) of the one protected, or because of his raising up his own neck [to keep watch]. The Most High said: 'wa-irtaqibū innī maʿakum' ('and watch — indeed I am with you').

Among the names of God, Most High: al-Raqīb (الرقيب) — He is the Guardian from whom nothing is hidden; fa'īl in the sense of fā'il. In the ḥadīth: 'urqubū Muḥammadan fī ahli baytihi' ('watch over/guard Muhammad in [the treatment of] his household'), meaning 'guard him in them.' And in the ḥadīth: 'There was no prophet but was given seven noble guardians (ruqabāʾ)' meaning protectors who would be with him. Al-raqīb: the guardian. Raqabahu yarqubuhu raqbatan wa-raqbānan (رقبه يرقبه رقبة ورقبانا), with kasra in both, and ruqūban (رقوبا), and tarraqqabahu, and irtaqabahu: he awaited him and watched for him. Al-tarraqqub (الترقب): waiting, and likewise al-irtiqāb (الارتقاب). His saying, Most High: 'lam tarqub qawlī' means 'you did not await my word.' Al-tarraqqub: watching for and anticipating a thing. Raqīb al-jaysh (رقيب الجيش): the army's scout/vanguard. Raqīb al-rajul (رقيب الرجل): his successor among his children or his kinsfolk. Al-raqīb: the one who waits. Irtaqaba (ارتقب): he rose up high and became elevated. Al-marqab and al-marqabah (المرقب والمرقبة): the elevated place upon which the raqīb stands, and whatever high point — a landmark or hillock — you ascend in order to look out from afar. Irtaqaba al-makān (ارتقب المكان): the place rose high and became elevated; a line of poetry: 'bi-al-jaddi ḥaythu irtaqabat maʿzāʾuhu' ('at the firm ground where its rocky hillocks rose up') — meaning 'rose up'; al-jadd here means the firm, level ground. Shimr said: al-marqabah is the watchtower atop a mountain or fortress, plural marāqib. Abū ʿAmr said: al-marāqib are elevated parts of the land; and he cited: 'And a watch-post like the front tooth [in shape], towering its top, / I turn my gaze about in a wide open expanse.' Raqaba al-shayʾa yarqubuhu (رقب الشيء يرقبه), and rāqabahu murāqabatan wa-riqāban (راقبه مراقبة ورقابا): he guarded it — related by Ibn al-Aʿrābī, who cited: 'yurāqibu al-najma riqāba al-ḥūt' ('he watches the star as the whale watches') — describing a companion of his, meaning he watches for the star eagerly for departure, like the whale's eagerness for water; he watches the star eagerly for its rising, until it rises, then he sets off. Al-raqabah: watchfulness and vigilance. Raqīb al-qawm (رقيب القوم): their guard, the one who oversees from a marqabah in order to guard them. Al-raqīb: the guarding watchman. Al-riqābah (الرقابة): the lowly man who watches the people's baggage for them when they are absent. Al-raqīb: the one entrusted with the winning portion [in gambling]. Raqīb al-qidāḥ (رقيب القداح): the trustee over the winning portion; it is also said he is the trustee of the people of gambling. Kaʿb ibn Zuhayr said: 'Behind their tails is a buzzing [of flies], / in the place of the raqīb among the gamesters.' It is also said he is the man who stands behind al-ḥaraḍah in gambling; the meaning throughout is the same, plural ruqabāʾ. Al-Tahdhīb: it is said al-raqīb is the name of the third arrow among the gambling arrows; and it cited: 'like the seats of the watchers (ruqabāʾ) / for the winners, their hands raised.' Al-Liḥyānī said: it has three shares [obligated on it], and it has a gain of three shares if it wins, and a loss of three shares if it does not win. In the ḥadīth about the digging of Zamzam: 'fa-ghāra sahmu Allāhi dhī al-raqīb' ('so God's arrow, that of al-raqīb, sank/disappeared'); al-raqīb is the third of the gambling arrows. Al-raqīb: the star in the east that watches the setting [star] (al-ghārib). And [each of] the lunar mansions (manāzil al-qamar), each one of them is a raqīb [entry continues]