Atlas
About this atlas
The atlas holds the chains of transmission from the Prophet as the standard references and the classical sources record them: the Sufi orders, the chains of Qurʾān recitation, the teachers of the schools of law and ḥadīth, and the lines of the Prophet's family, with the places they spread and the living houses and teachers who carry them today. Every link shows its sources; where they differ, both readings are shown, and we do not rule on any community's claims. Ibn ʿArabī's own life, teachers and readers are on their own page.
جعفر الصادق
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq
Died 148/765 · born 80/699 or 83/702 · Medina
Imam in chain via Ahl al-bayt
Sources for this person
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (4 entries)
The chain up to the Prophet
Dates are given where the sources give them. Years are CE; the Hijri year is in each name's detail.
Route 1 of 12, the best-sourced: The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines. Tap a rule to read its basis, sources and checks.
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linessources differ
child of · The Prophet Muhammad to Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ · Two independent sources
Fāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Ehl-i Beyt article treats the Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn as the five of the 'people of the cloak' in the Shiʿi usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L36511-36513, L36569 · agreesFāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Prophet's line continues only through her.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L9942-9943 · agreesNames Fāṭima, daughter of the Messenger, as al-Ḥasan's mother.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- TDV reports a Sunni position that limits the Ahl al-Bayt to the Prophet's wives, and another that includes his descendants and the Banū Hāshim.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
- TDV reports the Shiʿi usage naming the five (Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, Ḥasan, Ḥusayn).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾفاطمة الزهراء632two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
child of · Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · Two independent sources
Al-Ḥusayn is the son of ʿAlī and Fāṭima; his descendants are called sayyid in TDV's usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L49607-49609 · agreesal-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī, the Prophet's sibṭ; born Shaʿbān 4 AH (al-Zubayr).
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn's line continues through ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn alone.
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · Two independent sources
Fourth Imam in the Twelver list (d. 94/713).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L23376-23380 · agreesNames Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn as one of the Twelve Imams according to the Imāmiyya; al-Ḥusayn's line continues through him.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn's descendants come through ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn alone.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L61711-61720, L61983-61990 · agreesʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn; died 94 per al-Wāqidī and others (92, 93, 95 also reported).
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · Two independent sources
Fifth Imam (d. 114/733, marked with a query in TDV).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L62011-62015, L62163-62165 · agreesal-Bāqir is his son; died 114 per Abū Nuʿaym and others, 117 also reported; birth 56 AH.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3649-3652, L3668-3671 · agreesal-Bāqir listed first among Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn's sons; born 59, died Rabīʿ II 114.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L30679-30689 · agreesDeath given as 113, 114, 117 or 118; birth 3 Ṣafar 57.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
Sixth Imam (d. 148/765).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81498-81510, L81801-81803 · agreesJaʿfar b. Muḥammad, born 80; died 148.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3672-3677 · agreesal-Ṣādiq was al-Bāqir's only child with offspring; born 80, died 148 (147 also given).
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L5685-5694 · agreesOne of the Twelve Imams for the Imāmiyya; born 80 (or 83); died Shawwāl 148 at Medina.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Other routes (11)
Route 2 of 12: The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · Two independent sources
Fourth Imam in the Twelver list (d. 94/713).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L23376-23380 · agreesNames Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn as one of the Twelve Imams according to the Imāmiyya; al-Ḥusayn's line continues through him.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn's descendants come through ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn alone.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L61711-61720, L61983-61990 · agreesʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn; died 94 per al-Wāqidī and others (92, 93, 95 also reported).
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · Two independent sources
Fifth Imam (d. 114/733, marked with a query in TDV).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L62011-62015, L62163-62165 · agreesal-Bāqir is his son; died 114 per Abū Nuʿaym and others, 117 also reported; birth 56 AH.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3649-3652, L3668-3671 · agreesal-Bāqir listed first among Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn's sons; born 59, died Rabīʿ II 114.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L30679-30689 · agreesDeath given as 113, 114, 117 or 118; birth 3 Ṣafar 57.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
Sixth Imam (d. 148/765).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81498-81510, L81801-81803 · agreesJaʿfar b. Muḥammad, born 80; died 148.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3672-3677 · agreesal-Ṣādiq was al-Bāqir's only child with offspring; born 80, died 148 (147 also given).
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L5685-5694 · agreesOne of the Twelve Imams for the Imāmiyya; born 80 (or 83); died Shawwāl 148 at Medina.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 3 of 12: The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings, not in The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
read the Qurʾān to · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · Two independent sources
Ibn al-Jazarī: the Companion read the Qurʾān to the Messenger of God (the isnād ends here in each chain).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3922Checked against
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L148 · agreesListed among the first ṭabaqa, those who read to the Messenger of God.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L156-L159 · agreesRijāl of ʿĀṣim: al-Sulamī took from ʿAlī, among others, from the Prophet.
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
child of · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · Two independent sources
Son of ʿAlī.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L49607-49609 · agreesal-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī; descendants through Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn.
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · Two independent sources
Fourth Imam in the Twelver list (d. 94/713).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L23376-23380 · agreesNames Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn as one of the Twelve Imams according to the Imāmiyya; al-Ḥusayn's line continues through him.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn's descendants come through ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn alone.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L61711-61720, L61983-61990 · agreesʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn; died 94 per al-Wāqidī and others (92, 93, 95 also reported).
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · Two independent sources
Fifth Imam (d. 114/733, marked with a query in TDV).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L62011-62015, L62163-62165 · agreesal-Bāqir is his son; died 114 per Abū Nuʿaym and others, 117 also reported; birth 56 AH.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3649-3652, L3668-3671 · agreesal-Bāqir listed first among Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn's sons; born 59, died Rabīʿ II 114.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L30679-30689 · agreesDeath given as 113, 114, 117 or 118; birth 3 Ṣafar 57.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
successor of · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
Sixth Imam (d. 148/765).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81498-81510, L81801-81803 · agreesJaʿfar b. Muḥammad, born 80; died 148.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3672-3677 · agreesal-Ṣādiq was al-Bāqir's only child with offspring; born 80, died 148 (147 also given).
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L5685-5694 · agreesOne of the Twelve Imams for the Imāmiyya; born 80 (or 83); died Shawwāl 148 at Medina.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 4 of 12: Schools of law and ḥadīth
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
family descent · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · One source
In the Twelver and Zaydī accounts ʿAlī is the first imam, by designation.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L135691 · agreesʿAlī’s Tahdhīb entry has him narrating from the Prophet; the claim of designation as first imam is Twelver/Zaydī doctrine, not tested by a prosopography.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L5685 · agreesIbn Khallikān calls Jaʿfar one of the twelve imams “according to the Imāmiyya”, attributing the Twelver line rather than asserting it.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Twelver tradition: designated by the Prophet; the imam's knowledge is inherited from the Prophet (TDV, 'Câfer es-Sâdık', summarising Shia sources).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīth
successor of · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · One source
Imamate line as the Twelver tradition transmits it (attributed; not our claim).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L37923, 135691 · agreesal-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his father ʿAlī among his sources; ʿAlī’s entry lists his son al-Ḥusayn. Filiation confirmed; the imamate succession stays Twelver.
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīth
successor of · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Imamate line as the Twelver tradition transmits it (attributed; not our claim).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L134408, 37923 · agreesʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his father al-Ḥusayn; al-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his son Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn. Filiation confirmed; imamate stays Twelver.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L23376 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn is ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
child of · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · Two independent sources
Al-Bāqir is Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn's son (Siyar, entry Zayd b. ʿAlī, which calls Zayd 'brother of al-Bāqir').
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Zayd b. ʿAlī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, lines 74327-74329)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L176089, 134408 · agreesal-Bāqir’s entry lists his father ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) among his sources; the father’s entry lists “his son Abū Jaʿfar”.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30679 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Muḥammad al-Bāqir, son of Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
studied with · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
Siyar: Jaʿfar related from his father al-Bāqir, 'and not much except from his father'; TDV names al-Bāqir as father.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 81512)al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 81515)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L26768, 176089 · agreesJaʿfar’s entry lists his father al-Bāqir among his sources; al-Bāqir’s entry lists “his son Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq”. Jaʿfar died 148.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L5685 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, son of Muḥammad al-Bāqir; died 148 in Medina; one of the twelve imams according to the Imāmiyya.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Twelver account, as TDV 'Câfer es-Sâdık' gives it: an Imam's knowledge is ladunnī and comes down from the Prophet, so Jaʿfar's legal views are not reached by ijtihād like other mujtahids'.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
- Sunni scholars, as TDV gives them: Jaʿfar is a trustworthy transmitter and a mujtahid with sources (Qurʾān and Sunna first) and methods, not held to be infallible.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
- Ibn Khallikān introduces Jaʿfar as “one of the twelve imams according to the Imāmiyya”, i.e. he reports the Twelver doctrine as attributed to a school, while also noting his noble descent and his death in 148.Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, entry Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (OpenITI Shamela0001000, line 5685ff)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 5 of 12: Schools of law and ḥadīth
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines, not in Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
child of · The Prophet Muhammad to Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ · Two independent sources
Fāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Ehl-i Beyt article treats the Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn as the five of the 'people of the cloak' in the Shiʿi usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L36511-36513, L36569 · agreesFāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Prophet's line continues only through her.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L9942-9943 · agreesNames Fāṭima, daughter of the Messenger, as al-Ḥasan's mother.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- TDV reports a Sunni position that limits the Ahl al-Bayt to the Prophet's wives, and another that includes his descendants and the Banū Hāshim.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
- TDV reports the Shiʿi usage naming the five (Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, Ḥasan, Ḥusayn).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾفاطمة الزهراء632two sourcesthis step is recorded in The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines, not in Schools of law and ḥadīth
child of · Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · Two independent sources
Al-Ḥusayn is the son of ʿAlī and Fāṭima; his descendants are called sayyid in TDV's usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L49607-49609 · agreesal-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī, the Prophet's sibṭ; born Shaʿbān 4 AH (al-Zubayr).
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn's line continues through ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn alone.
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīth
successor of · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Imamate line as the Twelver tradition transmits it (attributed; not our claim).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L134408, 37923 · agreesʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his father al-Ḥusayn; al-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his son Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn. Filiation confirmed; imamate stays Twelver.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L23376 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn is ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
child of · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · Two independent sources
Al-Bāqir is Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn's son (Siyar, entry Zayd b. ʿAlī, which calls Zayd 'brother of al-Bāqir').
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Zayd b. ʿAlī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, lines 74327-74329)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L176089, 134408 · agreesal-Bāqir’s entry lists his father ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) among his sources; the father’s entry lists “his son Abū Jaʿfar”.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30679 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Muḥammad al-Bāqir, son of Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
studied with · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
Siyar: Jaʿfar related from his father al-Bāqir, 'and not much except from his father'; TDV names al-Bāqir as father.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 81512)al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 81515)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L26768, 176089 · agreesJaʿfar’s entry lists his father al-Bāqir among his sources; al-Bāqir’s entry lists “his son Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq”. Jaʿfar died 148.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L5685 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, son of Muḥammad al-Bāqir; died 148 in Medina; one of the twelve imams according to the Imāmiyya.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Twelver account, as TDV 'Câfer es-Sâdık' gives it: an Imam's knowledge is ladunnī and comes down from the Prophet, so Jaʿfar's legal views are not reached by ijtihād like other mujtahids'.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
- Sunni scholars, as TDV gives them: Jaʿfar is a trustworthy transmitter and a mujtahid with sources (Qurʾān and Sunna first) and methods, not held to be infallible.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
- Ibn Khallikān introduces Jaʿfar as “one of the twelve imams according to the Imāmiyya”, i.e. he reports the Twelver doctrine as attributed to a school, while also noting his noble descent and his death in 148.Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, entry Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (OpenITI Shamela0001000, line 5685ff)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 6 of 12: Schools of law and ḥadīth
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680
one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīth
successor of · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Imamate line as the Twelver tradition transmits it (attributed; not our claim).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L134408, 37923 · agreesʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his father al-Ḥusayn; al-Ḥusayn’s entry lists his son Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn. Filiation confirmed; imamate stays Twelver.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L23376 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn is ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīth
child of · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · Two independent sources
Al-Bāqir is Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn's son (Siyar, entry Zayd b. ʿAlī, which calls Zayd 'brother of al-Bāqir').
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Zayd b. ʿAlī (OpenITI Shamela0010906, lines 74327-74329)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L176089, 134408 · agreesal-Bāqir’s entry lists his father ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn (Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn) among his sources; the father’s entry lists “his son Abū Jaʿfar”.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L30679 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Muḥammad al-Bāqir, son of Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ʿAlī b. al-Ḥusayn.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733two sourcesin Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
studied with · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
Siyar: Jaʿfar related from his father al-Bāqir, 'and not much except from his father'; TDV names al-Bāqir as father.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 81512)al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar (OpenITI Shamela0010906, line 81515)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L26768, 176089 · agreesJaʿfar’s entry lists his father al-Bāqir among his sources; al-Bāqir’s entry lists “his son Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq”. Jaʿfar died 148.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L5685 · agreesIbn Khallikān: Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, son of Muḥammad al-Bāqir; died 148 in Medina; one of the twelve imams according to the Imāmiyya.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Twelver account, as TDV 'Câfer es-Sâdık' gives it: an Imam's knowledge is ladunnī and comes down from the Prophet, so Jaʿfar's legal views are not reached by ijtihād like other mujtahids'.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
- Sunni scholars, as TDV gives them: Jaʿfar is a trustworthy transmitter and a mujtahid with sources (Qurʾān and Sunna first) and methods, not held to be infallible.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'
- Ibn Khallikān introduces Jaʿfar as “one of the twelve imams according to the Imāmiyya”, i.e. he reports the Twelver doctrine as attributed to a school, while also noting his noble descent and his death in 148.Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, entry Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (OpenITI Shamela0001000, line 5685ff)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 7 of 12: Naqshbandiyya
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
one sourcein Naqshbandiyyasources differ
initiation · The Prophet Muhammad to Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq · One source
TDV Sıddîkıyye: in the earliest attested Khwājagān chain (Maqāmāt-i Yūsuf-i Hamadānī, attributed to Ghujduwānī) Hamadānī says the dhikr instruction 'first came to Abū Bakr's heart'; TDV traces how later Naqshbandī works explained this.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'Checked against
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 88, 90, 92 · agreesBuehler: Sirhindī stressed the Abū Bakr line; Bahāʾ al-Dīn named both the imams' golden chain and Abū Bakr descent.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Naqshbandī tradition: Maslak al-ʿārifīn (early 8th/14th c.) cites a report attributed to the Prophet, 'whatever God poured into my heart I poured into Abū Bakr's heart'; al-Qazwīnī (978/1570) adds that the Prophet taught Abū Bakr the dhikr of the heart three times in the cave of Thawr (as reported by TDV).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- TDV Sıddîkıyye: the Thawr-cave narration is not found in hadith and history works, the Sufi classics or the earliest Naqshbandī sources, though later Naqshbandī circles largely accepted it.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- The Naqshbandī shaykh Shihāb al-Dīn al-Marjānī of Kazan said the chain said to come through Abū Bakr has no scholarly basis (as reported by TDV).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- Buehler: three of the first six links of the Bakrī silsila are historically impossible (n. 14); Dina Le Gall, cited by him, finds 16th-17th c. Naqshbandī chains often give parallel Bakrī and ʿAlid derivations.Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 88, 90 n. 28
Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīqأبو بكر الصديق634one sourcein Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq to Salmān al-Fārisī · One source
In Hemedânî's earliest-attested chain (via Gucdüvânî's Maqāmāt) the line passes from Abū Bakr to Salmān al-Fārisī.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, p. 86 fig. 4 · agreesFigure 4 draws Abū Bakr then Salmān al-Fārisī among the Bakrī-line ancestors; text silent on the edge itself.
Salmān al-Fārisīسلمان الفارسي656one sourcein Naqshbandiyyasources differ
initiation · Salmān al-Fārisī to Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr · One source
In Pārsā's revised chain and the order's own list, Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr follows Salmān.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar), Vol. XIV, Fasc. 4, pp. 356-362 · silentIranica says nothing on Salmān as Qāsim's master; Qāsim is Jaʿfar's maternal grandfather and noted Medinan jurist.
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 85-86 and n. 13 · agreesChain includes Qāsim after Salmān; Buehler, citing Shāh Walī Allāh, notes Qāsim (d. 107/725) could not have met Salmān (d. 36/656) except as a small child.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Buehler: biographical sources say Qāsim could not have met Salmān; Shāh Walī Allāh's reply is 'God knows best' (as reported by Buehler).Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 88, 90 n. 28
Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakrالقاسم بن محمد بن أبي بكر725two sourcesin Naqshbandiyyasources differ
initiation · Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · Two independent sources
In the same revised chain Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq follows Qāsim.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar), Vol. XIV, Fasc. 4, pp. 356-362 · agreesNaqshbandī line puts Jaʿfar after Qāsim (his maternal grandfather); Iranica calls Qāsim's preceptorial role 'fanciful'.
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, p. 86 fig. 4 · agreesFigure 4 places Qāsim b. Muḥammad between Salmān and Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Algar (Iranica): the attribution to Qāsim of a preceptorial function toward Jaʿfar al-Ṣādeq 'seems therefore fanciful'; the imam did transmit hadith from him.Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 8 of 12: Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · Two independent sources
Ibn al-Jazarī: the Companion read the Qurʾān to the Messenger of God (the isnād ends here in each chain).
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 3917-3922Checked against
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L148 · agreesListed among the first ṭabaqa, those who read to the Messenger of God.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L156-L159 · agreesRijāl of ʿĀṣim: al-Sulamī took from ʿAlī, among others, from the Prophet.
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · One source
al-Ḥusayn read to his father ʿAlī; ʿAlī read to the Prophet.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4168-4171Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L6805 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to his father and to al-Sulamī.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L148 · silentEntry does not state this link.
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn read to his father al-Ḥusayn.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4167-4170Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L6805 · agrees (not independent)Entry: ʿAlī his son read to him.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · silentEntry does not state this link.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · One source
al-Bāqir read to Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4166-4169Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L5464 · agrees (not independent)Entry: the chain "al-Bāqir, then Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, then al-Ḥusayn, then ʿAlī" (single generic statement).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · silentEntry does not state this link.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · One source
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq read to his father Muḥammad al-Bāqir.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4165-4168Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L5464 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to his fathers, Muḥammad al-Bāqir first (generic statement).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · silentEntry does not state this link.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L160-L166 · silentPassage does not state this link.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 9 of 12: Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
- al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680
one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn read to his father al-Ḥusayn.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4167-4170Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L6805 · agrees (not independent)Entry: ʿAlī his son read to him.
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · silentEntry does not state this link.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · One source
al-Bāqir read to Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4166-4169Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L5464 · agrees (not independent)Entry: the chain "al-Bāqir, then Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, then al-Ḥusayn, then ʿAlī" (single generic statement).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · silentEntry does not state this link.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733one sourcein Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · One source
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq read to his father Muḥammad al-Bāqir.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4165-4168Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L5464 · agrees (not independent)Entry: read to his fathers, Muḥammad al-Bāqir first (generic statement).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · silentEntry does not state this link.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L160-L166 · silentPassage does not state this link.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 10 of 12: Naqshbandiyya
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
one sourcein Naqshbandiyyasources differ
initiation · The Prophet Muhammad to Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq · One source
TDV Sıddîkıyye: in the earliest attested Khwājagān chain (Maqāmāt-i Yūsuf-i Hamadānī, attributed to Ghujduwānī) Hamadānī says the dhikr instruction 'first came to Abū Bakr's heart'; TDV traces how later Naqshbandī works explained this.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'Checked against
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 88, 90, 92 · agreesBuehler: Sirhindī stressed the Abū Bakr line; Bahāʾ al-Dīn named both the imams' golden chain and Abū Bakr descent.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Naqshbandī tradition: Maslak al-ʿārifīn (early 8th/14th c.) cites a report attributed to the Prophet, 'whatever God poured into my heart I poured into Abū Bakr's heart'; al-Qazwīnī (978/1570) adds that the Prophet taught Abū Bakr the dhikr of the heart three times in the cave of Thawr (as reported by TDV).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- TDV Sıddîkıyye: the Thawr-cave narration is not found in hadith and history works, the Sufi classics or the earliest Naqshbandī sources, though later Naqshbandī circles largely accepted it.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- The Naqshbandī shaykh Shihāb al-Dīn al-Marjānī of Kazan said the chain said to come through Abū Bakr has no scholarly basis (as reported by TDV).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- Buehler: three of the first six links of the Bakrī silsila are historically impossible (n. 14); Dina Le Gall, cited by him, finds 16th-17th c. Naqshbandī chains often give parallel Bakrī and ʿAlid derivations.Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 88, 90 n. 28
Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīqأبو بكر الصديق634one sourcein Naqshbandiyya
initiation · Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq to Salmān al-Fārisī · One source
In Hemedânî's earliest-attested chain (via Gucdüvânî's Maqāmāt) the line passes from Abū Bakr to Salmān al-Fārisī.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)Checked against
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, p. 86 fig. 4 · agreesFigure 4 draws Abū Bakr then Salmān al-Fārisī among the Bakrī-line ancestors; text silent on the edge itself.
Salmān al-Fārisīسلمان الفارسي656the community's own accountin Naqshbandiyyasources differ
initiation · Salmān al-Fārisī to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · The community's own account
In the earliest attested chain (Hamadānī's words in the Maqāmāt, per TDV Sıddîkıyye) the line passes from Salmān directly to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar), Vol. XIV, Fasc. 4, pp. 356-362 · silentSays the main Naqshbandī line from the 8th/14th c. places Jaʿfar after his grandfather Qāsim, not directly after Salmān.
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, p. 86 fig. 4 · differsFigure 4 routes Salmān to Qāsim b. Muḥammad and then Jaʿfar, not directly; OCR of the chart is imperfect.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Muḥammad Pārsā (Risāla-yi Qudsiyya) inserted Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr between Salmān and Jaʿfar.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- The order's own chain (Haqqani) lists Salmān, Qāsim, Jaʿfar in sequence.the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)
- TDV Sıddîkıyye: from the 6th/12th century, amid Sunni–Shiʿi debate, some orders declared chains reaching ʿAlī, and in the 16th century some Kubrawīs in Samarqand implicitly objected to the Abū Bakr chain by saying the well-known orders came through ʿAlī. Naqshbandī chains through ʿAlī are not detailed in the sources read.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Nakşibendiyye'
- Algar (Iranica 'Jaʿfar al-Ṣādeq iii'): from the 8th/14th century the main Naqshbandī initiatic line places Jaʿfar al-Ṣādeq between Qāsim b. Muḥammad b. Abī Bakr and Bāyazid.Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar)
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 11 of 12: Qādiriyya
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
the community's own accountin Qādiriyya
initiation · The Prophet Muhammad to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib · The community's own account
TDV Kādiriyye states that in Qādirī ijāzas the chain reaches Ḥaḍrat ʿAlī by two routes; the step from the Prophet to ʿAlī is implied there, not stated.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Not yet checked against a further reference.
ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālibعلي بن أبي طالب661one sourcein Qādiriyyasources differ
family descent · ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · One source
TDV Kādiriyye records that one Qādirī chain, the 'silsile-i zeheb', runs back from Maʿrūf al-Karkhī through 'İmam ʿAlī al-Riḍā and the other Ahl al-bayt imams' to ʿAlī; TDV does not name the intermediate imams, so each step here follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- TDV Kādiriyye records a second Qādirī chain, the 'silsile-i müzehheb', running from Maʿrūf through Dāwūd al-Ṭāʾī, Ḥabīb al-ʿAjamī and al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī to ʿAlī.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Hasan-ı Basrî'
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
Route 12 of 12: Qādiriyya
- The Prophet Muhammadمحمد632
two sourcesthis step is recorded in The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines, not in Qādiriyyasources differ
child of · The Prophet Muhammad to Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ · Two independent sources
Fāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Ehl-i Beyt article treats the Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusayn as the five of the 'people of the cloak' in the Shiʿi usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L36511-36513, L36569 · agreesFāṭima is the Prophet's daughter; the Prophet's line continues only through her.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān (OpenITI), wafayat#L9942-9943 · agreesNames Fāṭima, daughter of the Messenger, as al-Ḥasan's mother.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- TDV reports a Sunni position that limits the Ahl al-Bayt to the Prophet's wives, and another that includes his descendants and the Banū Hāshim.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
- TDV reports the Shiʿi usage naming the five (Prophet, ʿAlī, Fāṭima, Ḥasan, Ḥusayn).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i Beyt
Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾفاطمة الزهراء632two sourcesthis step is recorded in The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines, not in Qādiriyya
child of · Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ to al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī · Two independent sources
Al-Ḥusayn is the son of ʿAlī and Fāṭima; his descendants are called sayyid in TDV's usage.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Ehl-i BeytChecked against
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L49607-49609 · agreesal-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī, the Prophet's sibṭ; born Shaʿbān 4 AH (al-Zubayr).
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L2533-2534 · agreesal-Ḥusayn's line continues through ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn alone.
al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlīالحسين بن علي680one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī to ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīnعلي زين العابدين713one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn to Muḥammad al-Bāqir · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
Muḥammad al-Bāqirمحمد الباقر733one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · Muḥammad al-Bāqir to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiqجعفر الصادق765
How to read the marks
- Two sources: a solid rule. Two independent references give the same link.
- One source: a lighter rule, so labelled.
- The community's own account: a dotted rule. The order tells it; we have not yet read it against a reference source.
- A gap in the rule: the sources omit names between the two. The label says which.
- The sources differ: tap the ≠ to read each reading with its source.
- A ring: a spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī).
Who received from Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq
6 recorded, each with the chain set it belongs to.
- Abū Yazīd al-Bisṭāmīأبو يزيد البسطامي848
two sourcesin Naqshbandiyyaspiritual link, without meetingsources differ
spiritual link, without a meeting (uwaysī) · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Abū Yazīd al-Bisṭāmī · Two independent sources
Pārsā said Bisṭāmī never met Jaʿfar in worldly life but received benefit through the Uwaysī method.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'Checked against
- Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar), Vol. XIV, Fasc. 4, pp. 356-362 · agreesNaqshbandīs held Jaʿfar trained Bisṭāmī inwardly (ruhāniyya); Bisṭāmī was born ~86 years after the imam's death.
- Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 85-86 n. 13, p. 86 fig. 4 · agreesLink is Uwaysī (dotted in Fig. 4); Buehler cites the age gap (Bisṭāmī d. 261, Jaʿfar d. 148) and Shāh Walī Allāh calling the link not valid.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Uwaysī (spiritual) transmission, no meeting (Pārsā, as reported by TDV).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Sıddîkıyye'
- Order's own chain lists Bisṭāmī directly after Jaʿfar, without comment.the community's own account: naqshbandi.org, 'Origins' (Naqshbandi Haqqani Order's own golden chain)
- Algar (Iranica): the link between Jaʿfar al-Ṣādeq and Bisṭāmī is 'the most widespread but also least plausible tradition' (chronology); Naqshbandīs explained it as inward training.Encyclopaedia Iranica, 'JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ iii. And Sufism' (Hamid Algar)
- Buehler, citing Shāh Walī Allāh (Intibāh, pp. 38-39): the Bisṭāmī-Jaʿfar link is not ṣaḥīḥ, and any Bakrī affiliation for Naqshbandīs depends on it.Arthur F. Buehler, Sufi Heirs of the Prophet (Univ. of South Carolina Press, 1998), ch. 4, pp. 88, 90 n. 28
- Ḥamza b. Ḥabīb al-Zayyātحمزة بن حبيب الزياتc. 773
two sourcesin Qirāʾāt: the ten canonical readings
read the Qurʾān to · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Ḥamza b. Ḥabīb al-Zayyāt · Two independent sources
Ḥamza also read to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq b. Muḥammad al-Bāqir.
Ibn al-Jazarī, al-Nashr fī l-qirāʾāt al-ʿashr, OpenITI 0833IbnJazari.Nashr.Shamela0022642-ara1, lines 4157-4160Checked against
- Ibn al-Jazarī, Ghāyat al-nihāya (same author as al-Nashr; not independent), 0833IbnJazari.GhayatNihaya.Shamela0012040-ara1.completed#L7246 · agrees (not independent)Entry: presented to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (some say only in part).
- al-Dhahabī, Maʿrifat al-qurrāʾ al-kibār, 0748Dhahabi.MacrifaQurraKibar.Shamela0008349-ara2#L1391 · agreesEntry: also read to Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq.
- al-Dānī, al-Taysīr fī l-qirāʾāt al-sabʿ, 0444AbuCamrDani.TaysirFiQiraatSabc.Shamela0005527-ara1#L160-L166 · agreesRijāl of Ḥamza: Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad al-Ṣādiq.
- Ismāʿīl b. Jaʿfarإسماعيل بن جعفر750
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linessources differ
child of · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Ismāʿīl b. Jaʿfar · Two independent sources
The Ismāʿīlīs trace their imamate to Ismāʿīl, son of al-Ṣādiq.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsmâiliyyeChecked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L4427-4433 · agreesIsmāʿīl al-Aʿraj, al-Ṣādiq's eldest and best-loved son; died in his father's lifetime, buried at al-Baqīʿ in 133 (Ibn Khidāʿ).
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81807-81808 · agreesIsmāʿīl was the eldest; died young in his father's lifetime, in 138; left Muḥammad, ʿAlī and Fāṭima.
- Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007), ch. 3, p. 88; genealogical table, p. 507 · agreesIsmāʿīl (called al-Mubārak) is al-Ṣādiq's son and the eponym of the Ismāʿīliyya; he is the sixth imam in the Ismāʿīlī list.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Twelver account: Mūsā, not Ismāʿīl, was designated; TDV İsmâiliyye lists the reports given for this (Ismāʿīl's death three years before his father, his conduct, his friendship with Abū l-Khaṭṭāb).TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsmâiliyye
- Ismāʿīlī accounts as TDV gives them: the majority (the Mubārakiyya) held that Ismāʿīl died before his father and the imamate passed to his descendants; a smaller group held that he had not died. TDV also cites a report that he was seen alive in Basra five years after 148/765.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsmâiliyye
- Ibn ʿInaba (citing Ibn Khidāʿ, the Egyptian genealogist) buries Ismāʿīl at al-Baqīʿ in 133/750, twenty years before al-Ṣādiq; al-Dhahabī dates his death to 138/755. Both place it in his father's lifetime. TDV gives three years before al-Ṣādiq.Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI)al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI)
- Daftary: calls Ismāʿīl al-Ṣādiq's second son, with the full brother ʿAbd Allāh al-Aftaḥ the eldest surviving son (ch. 3, p. 88), where Ibn ʿInaba and al-Dhahabī call Ismāʿīl the eldest. His genealogical table gives Ismāʿīl's death as 'after 136/754' (p. 507).Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007)
- Daftary on the date of Ismāʿīl's death: one source gives 133/750, while others name later years up to 145/762–763. Because the caliph al-Manṣūr (r. from 136/754) is named at his death, Daftary infers 136–145/754–763, possibly later. All of this is in his father's lifetime. (ch. 3, p. 91)Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007)
- Daftary on the earliest Ismāʿīlī groups: one group denied Ismāʿīl's death and awaited him as Mahdī (the 'pure Ismāʿīliyya'); the Mubārakiyya accepted his death and recognized his son Muḥammad as imam, and Mubārakiyya was the original name of the movement. (ch. 3, pp. 89–90)Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007)
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linessources differ
successor of · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Ismāʿīl b. Jaʿfar · Two independent sources
Ismāʿīlī account: Ismāʿīl, the eldest son, was the rightful heir of al-Ṣādiq (TDV İsmâiliyye).
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsmâiliyyeChecked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L4429-4430 · silentCalls Ismāʿīl the eldest and best-loved; does not say he was designated heir.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81807 · silentNo designation reported; only his death before his father.
- Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007), ch. 3, p. 88 · agreesReports al-Ṣādiq designated Ismāʿīl by naṣṣ; Daftary himself holds the designation authentic and the basis of the Ismāʿīlī claim.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Twelver sources, as Daftary relates them: Ismāʿīl was deprived of succession rights because of drinking and disavowed by his father. Daftary regards these reports as probably later fabrications by those who rejected the Ismāʿīlī line. (ch. 3, p. 88)Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007)
- Mūsā al-Kāẓimموسى الكاظم799
one sourcein Qādiriyya
family descent · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Mūsā al-Kāẓim · One source
Next imam in the Qādirī 'silsile-i zeheb' through the Ahl al-bayt imams; TDV Kādiriyye refers to these imams as a group, and this step follows a secondary list.
Wikipedia, 'Qadiri Order' (secondary; silsila chains B cites Abun-Nasr 2007 pp. 86-96, not independently checked)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Kādiriyye'Checked against
- Trimingham, Sufi Orders in Islam (1971), trimingham_sufi-orders-in-islam_1971.txt#L13795-13813 (App. A chart) · agreesChart gives ʿAlī, Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, al-Bāqir, al-Ṣādiq, al-Kāẓim, al-Riḍā in this descent.
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linessources differ
successor of · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Mūsā al-Kāẓim · Two independent sources
Seventh Imam (d. 183/799), per the Twelver account.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3684-3693 · agreesMūsā b. Jaʿfar, called al-Kāẓim; born 128, died 183 in Baghdad in custody.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81825-81835, L81925 · agreesMūsā al-Kāẓim, born c. 128; died Rajab 183.
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3677-3678 · agreesMūsā heads the list of al-Ṣādiq's five sons with offspring.
- Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007), ch. 3, pp. 88–89 · agreesMost Imāmī followers came to Mūsā; he is counted seventh Twelver imam and died in custody at Baghdad in 183/799.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Ismāʿīlī account: the imamate passed through Ismāʿīl b. Jaʿfar and his son Muḥammad. TDV İsmâiliyye gives the reasons reported for Mūsā's designation instead of the elder Ismāʿīl: a report that Ismāʿīl died three years before his father, and a report about his conduct and his ties to Abū l-Khaṭṭāb.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsmâiliyye
- Daftary (modern historian of Ismāʿīlism), reporting the Twelver position: the Twelvers claim a designation (naṣṣ) of Mūsā by al-Ṣādiq, supported by ḥadīths. Daftary adds that it is not certain al-Ṣādiq named anyone after Ismāʿīl. (ch. 3, p. 88)Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007)
two sourcesin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate lines
child of · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Mūsā al-Kāẓim · Two independent sources
Father-son in the Twelver account.
TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, İsnâaşeriyyeChecked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3677-3678, L3684 · agreesMūsā b. Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq.
- al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ (OpenITI), siyar#L81825 · agreesMūsā al-Kāẓim, listed with al-Ṣādiq's sons.
- Farhad Daftary, The Ismāʿīlīs: Their History and Doctrines (Cambridge UP, 2nd ed. 2007), ch. 3, p. 88 · agreesMūsā is a son of Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, younger half-brother of Ismāʿīl.
- Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābitأبو حنيفة النعمان بن ثابت767
one sourcein Schools of law and ḥadīthsources differ
studied with · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit · One source
Siyar (entry Jaʿfar) names Abū Ḥanīfa among those who narrated from Jaʿfar; TDV 'Câfer es-Sâdık' lists him among those who heard ḥadīth from Jaʿfar and says the two held scholarly debates in Medina and Iraq.
al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad (OpenITI Shamela0010906, lines 81517-81518)TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Câfer es-Sâdık'TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Ebû Hanîfe'Checked against
- al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, Shamela0003722 #L26768, 201047 · differsJaʿfar’s entry lists Abū Ḥanīfa among those who narrated from him; Abū Ḥanīfa’s own entry does not list Jaʿfar among his teachers.
- Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, Shamela0001000 #L5685 · differsIbn Khallikān gives only an anecdote (via Kushājim) of Jaʿfar questioning Abū Ḥanīfa on a pilgrim’s ruling; no study relation, and calls Jaʿfar an imam “according to the Imāmiyya”.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Siyar (entry Jaʿfar), through Ibn ʿUqda's isnād, has Abū Ḥanīfa say he saw no one more learned in law than Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad, and tell of forty hard questions he put to Jaʿfar before al-Manṣūr at al-Ḥīra.al-Dhahabī, Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ, entry Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad (OpenITI Shamela0010906, lines 81564-81583)
- TDV 'Ebû Hanîfe': Abū Ḥanīfa met and exchanged knowledge with Zayd b. ʿAlī, Muḥammad al-Bāqir, ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Ḥasan and Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq, and drew on them in matters of creed; the article describes meetings and exchange, not a teacher-student relation.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Ebû Hanîfe'
- TDV 'Ebû Hanîfe' reports the claim, grounded in these meetings with Jaʿfar, that Abū Ḥanīfa turned to Sufism in his last two years and said 'Were it not for the two years, al-Nuʿmān would have perished'; the article judges the claim hard to accept, since Sufism was not yet a separate discipline.TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi, 'Ebû Hanîfe'
- Ibn Khallikān (entry Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq) tells, from Kushājim, that Jaʿfar asked Abū Ḥanīfa about a pilgrim who broke a gazelle’s incisor; Abū Ḥanīfa answers that he does not know and is corrected. An encounter in which Jaʿfar is the questioner, not a study relation.Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, entry Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq (OpenITI Shamela0001000, line 5685ff)
- Tahdhīb al-kamāl (entry Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad) lists Abū Ḥanīfa al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit among those who narrated from Jaʿfar; Abū Ḥanīfa’s own entry lists his teachers without Jaʿfar.al-Mizzī, Tahdhīb al-kamāl, entries Jaʿfar (L26768) and al-Nuʿmān b. Thābit (L201047)
- Aḥmad b. ʿĪsā al-Muhājirأحمد بن عيسى المهاجر
the community's own accountin The Prophet's family: descent and imamate linesomits: ʿAlī al-ʿUraydī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, ʿĪsā (per Ibn ʿInaba's ʿUraydī line; the Bā ʿAlawī chain names them)sources differ
child of · Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq to Aḥmad b. ʿĪsā al-Muhājir · The community's own account
The Bā ʿAlawī sayyids are traced to al-Ḥusayn through Aḥmad b. ʿĪsā; TDV Bā Alevî as read links the line to ʿAlī through Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq and does not give the intermediates. Treated as the family's own genealogy.
TDV, 'Bâ Alevî' (Sâmî es-Sakkâr, 1991, vol. 4, pp. 355-357)Checked against
- Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI), umda#L3678, L4635-4646 · silentAttests Jaʿfar, ʿAlī al-ʿUraydī, Muḥammad and ʿĪsā al-Rūmī; does not name Aḥmad b. ʿĪsā al-Muhājir.
- Morimoto (ed.), Sayyids and Sharifs in Muslim Societies (Routledge 2012), ch.5 map notes pp.114-115 · silentGives no Bā ʿAlawī genealogy; the book's Ḥaḍramī coverage is ch.3 on the ʿAlawī-Irshādī dispute, not genealogy.
Where the sources differ, side by side. We do not rule between them.
- Ibn ʿInaba traces al-Ṣādiq's son ʿAlī al-ʿUraydī to Muḥammad and ʿĪsā al-Rūmī, and (L6779-6783) reports al-ʿUmarī's statement that a ʿĪsā al-Azraq al-Rūmī al-ʿUraydī left twelve sons without descendants. The text read does not say whether this is the Bā ʿAlawī ancestor, and does not name Aḥmad al-Muhājir.Ibn ʿInaba, ʿUmdat al-ṭālib (OpenITI)
How to cite
Mashraba Reader, Atlas of transmission, “Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq”, https://www.mashraba.org/atlas/figure/jafar-sadiq (data of 31 October 2026).